Periwinkle ndi mbewu yobiriwira yobiriwira ku North America. Woimira uyu wa banja la Kutrovy wafalikira kwambiri ku Europe ndi Asia, atagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zamankhwala ndi zokongoletsera.
Periwinkle: kufotokoza
Periwinkle itha kukhala chomera ngati chomera kapena chopanda herbaceous chokhazikika. Masamba omwe ali moyang'anizana amaimiridwa ndi zikwatu zobiriwira zakuda zobiriwira zazing'ono zazing'ono ndi nsonga yolowera. Kuchokera pamankhwala am'mimba, masika akuluakulu owoneka bwino.
Maukwati osakwatiwa amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku pinki ndi pofiirira mpaka oyera-oyera ndi zonona. Corolla imakhala yopindika ngati khoma, ndipo chubu chokulungika chamaso chimamera pamenepo. Periwinkle imadziwika ndi ma ayezi okwera kwambiri, omwe amatha kukhala nthawi yonse yazomera. Chipatso cha mbewu chimayimiriridwa ndi timapepala tomwe timatseguka pakati ndikupereka njere zazing'ono zofiirira.
Periwinkle kakang'ono, pinki ndi mitundu ina, chithunzi
Periwinkle ili ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mitundu, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ake.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Zosiyanasiyana | Mawonekedwe |
| Zowongolera | Mphukira zambiri zimafika 20-80 cm kutalika. Masamba akutsutsana, ovate, kutalika kwa 3-6 masentimita, ali ndi utoto wokongola wokhala ndi m'mphepete mwa beige komanso mitsempha yotulutsa kwambiri. Rhizomes amaphimbidwa ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono, owuma. Maluwa 3-5 cm, buluu, pinki ndi tint yoyera. Zipatsozo zimakhala pafupifupi 5 cm. | Albo Plena, Purpurea, Sterling Siliva, Ralph Shugert. | Rhizomes amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazamankhwala ndi mankhwala azikhalidwe. Imapezeka pamiyala ndi pamiyala yokongola ya Tien Shan. Mbewu zambiri zomwe zimakonda kufesedwa, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. |
| Zochepa | Zitsamba zamuyaya mpaka 60 cm. Masamba ali ndi gloss gloss, wozungulira, pang'ono pang'ono, pafupifupi 0.5 cm, wokutidwa ndi sera wamasamba. Ma piligine amafika masentimita 15 mpaka 20, mphukira umodzi wamtambo wabuluu kapena wamtambo wakuda umamera pa iwo. | Kuwala, Moonlit, Ralph Shugert, Valley Glow, Alba Variegata, Golide, Argenteovariegata, Variegata, Azurea Flore Pleno, Double Purple, Atropurpurea, Gertrude Jekyll. | Makonda okonda, zachilengedwe ndi nkhalango komanso malo oterera. Kugawidwa ku Asia Minor ndi Mediterranean. Zipatso zimapangidwa nthawi zambiri, zimafalitsidwa ndi nthambi za ma rhizomes. Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. |
| Chapescent | Chomera chokhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso yolimba yolimba. Masamba osalala ndi osalala, obiriwira amdima, ellipsoidal, akuti. Maluwa ndi apakatikati, utoto ndiwosiyana: pali miyala yofiirira kapena yamtambo yoyera ndi yoyera. | Ma Bowles, La Grave, Blue ya Dart, Sabinka, Marie | Amapezeka m'nkhalango za Caucasus pakati pa malo oisika komanso m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri. Osalemekeza, wodziwika ndikusintha bwino komanso kuzika mizu. |
| Grassy | Imakhala m'malo akulu apakatikati ndi thunthu ngati liana. Masamba ndi odalirana, opapatiza komanso osalala, m'mphepete amatakutidwa ndi villi, yolowera, yobiriwira. Masamba amakhala pamiyala yaying'ono, ma petals amakhala opindika bwino, nthawi zambiri amakhala oyera. | Alba, Emily Joy, Gertrude Jekyll, Albo Plena, Illumination. | Kugawidwa kuchokera kumalo otsetsereka a Greece kupita ku Caucasus Range. M'nyengo yozizira, nthambi zake zimafa kunthaka, ndipo nthawi yamasika zimaphukanso kuposa kale. Chifukwa cha nthambi zake, nthawi zambiri imamera ngati mtundu waukulu m'malo osiyanasiyana. |
| Pinki | Chingwe cha nthambi zolondola pafupifupi 60 cm. Masamba ndiwobiriwira, owonda, achikopa. Maluwa amakula ambiri, kukula kwake, utoto nthawi zambiri umakhala wofiyira kapena wofiirira, palinso mitundu yoyera yoyera. | Wozizira Wamphesa, Peppermint ozizira, Kupsompsona Koyamba. | Imapezeka ku Madagascar, India ndi China. Ili ndi dzina lina - catharanthus. Ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka kuchiza zotupa. |
Kulima mbewu
Izi ndi zovuta komanso zovuta kuchita. Ngakhale njere sizinyalanyaza, ndikofunikira kuwunika kutentha kwa mpweya, chinyezi cha dothi komanso zotengera mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mphukira zachinyamata zoyambirira za periwinkle sizitenga nthawi kuti zidikire. Mbewu zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsira kapena kusungidwa pamanja kuchokera kwa akulu mbewu.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri samabala zipatso m'munda kapena kunyumba. Pali njira ziwiri zakubzala mbewu: mbande ndi malo otseguka.
Kubzala mbande za periwinkle panja
Kufesa mbande ikuchitika kumapeto kwa February kapena m'ma March.
- Musanabzale, muyenera kugwirizira nthanga mu njira yothetsera potaziyamu kuti muchotse mabakiteriya ndi bowa.
- Kupanga mabowo otayira mu thankiyo, onjezani dothi losakanizika ndi mapiritsi a peat.
- Mtunda pakati pa mizere yopingasa ndi 3-5 cm.
- Kubzala kumachitika ndi uzitsine.
- Finyirani nyembazo pamwambapa, phatikizani ndikuzithira.
- Ikani zotchingira ndi periwinkle m'matumba akuda bii ndi kuziika m'malo otentha kwa masiku 5-7.
- Sungani kutentha kwa mpweya osati kutsika kuposa + 23 ... +25 ° C. Nthawi zonse nyowetsani nthaka.
- Zikumera zimatuluka sabata 1, ndiye kuti mbande zimayenera kuchotsedwa m'mbale ndikuyika malo abwino.
- Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kutentha mpaka + 17 ... +20 ° C.
Periwinkle wachinyamata amafunika chisamaliro chapadera:
- Madzi pafupipafupi, koma osati kangapo. Onetsetsani kuti dothi siliphwa.
- Masabata atatu mutabzala mbande yoyamba, muyenera kuthira feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni kapena phosphorous.
- Musanabzale panthaka, dyetsani periwinkle kamodzi pa masabata awiri.
- Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba 4-5 athanzi paziphuphu, muyenera kuthira pansi: m'chiwiya chimodzi 2-4 mizu.
Kubzala mbewu za periwinkle panthaka
Mbewu zofesedwa pamalowo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika isanayambike chisanu kuti mbande zisafe kapena kufika nyengo yofunda.
- Konzani bwino nthaka: kumasula ndi udzu m'nthaka, manyowa ndi mchenga, phulusa, utuchi kapena peat.
- Pangani mizere yotalikilana ndi 5 cm.
- Tetezani njere ndikuzisungunula.
- Aikeni m'mizere ndikuwaphimba ndi dothi.
- Phatikizani gawo lapansi, onjezani dothi kapena mchenga pamwamba.
- Madzi ochulukirapo.
Kufalitsa kwamasamba
Pali njira zitatu za zomera za periwinkle: kudula, magawo ndi kulekanitsa chitsamba. Popeza mmera suwapatsa mbewu, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alimi ambiri.
Kudula
Zidula zimayenera kukonzedwa podulira kapena kuti zidulidwe kuchokera ku mphukira za apical.
- Kuti zizike mizu, ndikokwanira kuyika nthambizo mumtsuko wamadzi kuti zigwirizane ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatuwo.
- Kuyambira pansi, muyenera kuchotsa masamba onse, chifukwa kuti kuvunda kumayambira.
- Komanso, pozika mizu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losakanikirana ndi kuwonjezera pazinthu zopanga mizu.
- Ndikofunika kusinthasintha madziwo kuti asasunthe. Kwa izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito osasefedwa, osayenda madzi.
- Pakatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri, mizu yaying'ono ipezeka.
- Mizu ikakula ndi masentimita 2-3, mphukira amafunika kuziika m'nthaka.
Kuyika
Zigawo zimamera mwachangu ndipo pafupifupi onse amapulumuka.
- Muyenera kupenda mosamalitsa mphukira zokwawa za periwinkle ndikupeza malo omwe zimayambira.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wothira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, gawani zidutswazo ku chomera chachikulire pothira malo omwe adulidwawo ndi zinyalala kapena sinamoni.
- Ngati mizu ya mphukira idakonzedwa bwino ndipo ilibe chiwonetsero cha matenda kapena matenda, ikhoza kuikidwa m'malo atsopano.
- Thirirani bwino madzi ndikudyetsa mmera watsopano ndi feteleza wophatikiza kuti azitha kusintha mwachangu ndikuyamba kukula.
Kugawa chitsamba
Mwanjira imeneyi, periwinkle imatha kufalitsidwa nthawi iliyonse, kupatula nthawi yozizira kapena yoyambira. Ndikofunikira kuchita gawolo lisanakhazikitsidwe oyambira, kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi nthawi yozika mizu.
- Chotsani chitsamba mosamala popanda kuwononga mizu.
- Chotsani dothi lililonse lomwe latsala kuchokera kumizu.
- Dulani mizu yowola, yodwala kapena yopota.
- Ndikofunikira kugawa chitsamba chachikulu kuti chilichonse chimasunga maziko a chomera chachikulu.
- Kuti magwiritsidwe ake azikhala achangu, Delenki iyenera kubzalidwa munthaka yomwe matumba a amayi oyembekezera amakhala nawo.
- Ikani nthambi mu maenje okudziramo, phatikizani dothi ndi madzi osamala.
Periwinkle: chisamaliro chakunja
Kuti periwinkle ikule bwino pamalowo komanso kusangalala ndi maluwa okongola, ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti akusamalidwa bwino.
| Choyimira | Mkhalidwe |
| Malo / Kuwala | Photophilous, imakula bwino m'malo ometezeka komanso m'malo abwino. Ndikwabwino kuyika kumbali yakumwera kwa malowo pazing'ono zazing'ono. Itha kufalikira m'mayikidwe kapena pokhapokha pakuthandizira, mpanda kapena mpanda. |
| Dothi | Iyenera kukhala yokhutitsidwa, kukhathamizidwa ndi kulemedwa ndi michere ndi zina zowonjezera. Chinyezi sichimatenga nawo mbali kapena chofooka. Ngati loamy, ayenera kukhala osakanikirana ndi mchenga, miyala, peat kapena phulusa. |
| Kuthirira | Itha kuchita popanda kuthirira nthawi zonse ngati kuli mvula yokwanira yachilengedwe. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti dothi silimawuma ndipo nthawi yotentha kwambiri, thirirani madzi periwinkle osaposa nthawi 1 pa sabata. |
| Feteleza | Zokwanira 2-3 kudyetsa pa nyengo. Ngati chitsamba chimazirala, ndikusanduka chikasu kapena kutenga kachilomboka, chizikhala chikuyenera kuwonjezeka mpaka nthawi imodzi m'masabata awiri. Nitrogen, phosphoric kapena feteleza wa potaziyamu ndizoyenera bwino, makamaka panthawi yamasamba akhama. Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito zachilengedwe: kompositi, singano, utuchi kapena humus. |
| Kudulira | Chitani pambuyo maluwa. Chotsani mphukira zonse zouma, maluwa owala ndi mphukira. Ndikofunikanso kudula nthambi zazitali kwambiri ndikuthanso m'malo mwa chimbudzi. |
Periwinkle
Kulima kwa Vinca kumatha kuchitika munyumba. Kuti izi zitheke, ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa.
| Choyimira | Mkhalidwe |
| Malo / Kuwala | Malo owala bwino, otetezedwa ku dzuwa. Zimalekerera kukonzekera komanso kupumira pafupipafupi, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Ikani poto kumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo kwa sill. |
| Kutentha | Amakhala momasuka pa + 18 ... +25 ° C. Imalekerera chilala, koma chinyezi chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa. |
| Dothi | Mopanda kuzindikira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yachilengedwe ngati mbewu zakunyumba, makamaka kwa geraniums. Onjezani peat kapena mchenga. Komanso ngalande ziyenera kuyikidwa pansi: njerwa zosweka, mazira kapena tinshevu, polystyrene. |
| Kuthirira | M'chilimwe, ndi okwanira 1 m'masiku awiri, chinyezi sichiyenera kuzimiririka, ndipo gawo lapansi lidzaphwa. Kokani mabowo mumphika. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka nthawi 1 m'masiku 67, kuti chitsamba chisawola. |
| Feteleza | Khalani ndi masabata awiri aliwonse ndi zovala zapamwamba zamaluwa amkati kapena zowonjezera zapachilengedwe. Zamoyo ndizoyeneranso: humus kapena singano. M'nyengo yozizira, musatulutse, chifukwa shrub ili mumtundu wa makanema oimitsidwa. |
| Kudulira | Kuti pakhale kukongoletsa kwambiri komanso kuwala kwa periwinkle, mphukira yake yapafupipafupi imayenera kukonzedwa nthawi zonse akamakula. Ndikwabwino kuzichita mu nthawi ya kasupe, ndi malo omwe amacheka kuti achite ndi sinamoni kapena makala. |
Muli mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Oyimira mitundu iyi amasamalidwa mosiyanasiyana, mosiyana ndi a monochromatic. M'pofunika kuganizira zamagulu awo:
- Kukhazikitsa chitsamba pamalo owala bwino, chifukwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumathandizira kupanga mawanga.
- Oimira a Variegate amapezeka bwino kwambiri mumphika.
- Matalala ndi kutentha kochepa sikumalekeredwa bwino, chifukwa chake, zoyerekeza zamitundu mitundu zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizitha kuziyika muzotengera zina ndikusungidwa nthawi yozizira m'zipinda zomwe zili ndi inshuwaransi.
Zambiri za kukula ku Siberia ndi Urals
Mwambiri, chisamaliro cha shrub sichosiyana kwambiri, koma chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono, periwinkle nthawi zambiri imakulidwa ngati pachaka. Nyengo m'maderawa ndizabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimasokoneza kwambiri nyengo yachisanu. Pambuyo pa chisanu chozizira komanso nyengo yayitali yozizira, chitsamba chimafa ndipo chaka chamawa muyenera kubzala mbewu kapena mbande kachiwiri.
Komabe, pali njira ina yosankha: kudula mosamala pakati pa nthawi yophukira, kenako kukumba periwinkle popanda kuwononga mizu ndikuyiyika mu chidebe chosiyana ndi gawo lokonzedwa lopangidwa ndi michere.
Mu chipinda chofunda, chowala bwino, ndikofunikira kugwira chitsamba kufikira nthawi yanyengo yotentha. M'mwezi wa Epulo-Meyi, chitsambachi chitha kudzalanso malo osankhidwa.
Zilakwitsa
| Vutoli | Chifukwa | Njira zoyesera |
| Masamba amatembenukira chikasu, kowuma, ndikugwa. | Mpweya wouma kwambiri m'chipindacho, kuthirira mosasamala, kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, kuphwanya lamulo la kutentha. | Onjezerani chinyezi komanso kuthirira pafupipafupi, kuletsa gawo lapansi kuti lisaume, chotsani mbali zouma za chitsamba, sinthani kutentha kukhala kwazonse (+ 18 ... +25 ° C). |
| Ma masamba ochepa kapena kusowa kwawo kwathunthu. | Zojambula, feteleza wosayenera, mpweya wozizira komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. | Sinthani malo omwe mumphikawo, kupatula kuwomba ndipo osagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni munthawi ya maluwa ndi mapangidwe a masamba. |
| Maluwa amatulutsa ndikugwa. | Kuwala koyipa, kuthirira wamba. | Sunthani periwinkle, kuti mupeze mwayi wadzuwa, madzi nthawi zambiri. |
| M'mphepete mwa masamba owuma, mutembenukire chikasu. | Chinyezi chochepa. | Pukuta chitsamba pafupipafupi. |
Tizilombo ndi matenda
| Vutoli | Chifukwa | Njira zoyesera |
| Chinyezi chachikulu, matenda ochokera ku vets (aphid) kapena chomera china. Dzimbiri. | Agrolekar, Propi +, boric acid solution. |
| Matenda kuchokera kwa vekitala kapena ndi mpweya (spores kupita kunja kwa chomera). Powdery Mildew | Rayek, Gamair, Fitosporin, Vectra. |
| Zosintha. | Yankho la sopo. Chotsani manja tizirombo ndi zolembera. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. |
Periwinkle: kuchiritsa katundu
Mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe komanso mankhwala azachipatala chifukwa cha zomwe zili zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimadziwika kwambiri ndi periwinkle yaying'ono, mumadzimadzi omwe muli ma alkoloids, flavonoids, mavitamini omwe ali gawo la mankhwala ndi decoctions motsutsana ndi zotupa zoyipa. Komanso, mankhwala opangidwa ndi mbewu amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi kubwezeretsanso kwamkamwa, patillillitis, kutsekula m'mimba, kutulutsa magazi ku chiberekero, kugona ndi chimbudzi.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: periwinkle m'malo owonekera
Shrub imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe. Zokwawa zake zimabowola pansi komanso ming'alu yosaya. Periwinkle imayikidwa m'minda yamiyala kapena miyala yanthaka kuti apange mawonekedwe ake. Chomera ndichabwino kukula pafupi ndi amaiwala ndi ma primroses. Ikhoza kugwetsedwera pa khonde kapena pakhonde mumphika.
