Ratibida ndi mbewu yosatha yopanga ma inflorescence owala ngati sombrero. Dera logawikirali ndi dera lalikulu kuchokera ku Mexico kupita ku Canada, komanso ndikumverera bwino m'malo amtundu wa Russia. Duwa limakhala losasamalidwa bwino ndikusamalidwa ndi dothi, siligwirizana ndi nyengo yadzuwa komanso yotentha. M'dziko lathu, limadziwika bwino ngati chipewa cha Mexico kapena duwa la prairie.
Zomwe zimayambira zimafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 120 ndi masamba masentimita 3-12 masentimita. Phata lozungulira lomwe limakhala pakati pa masentimita atatu, limakhala m'mphepete mwa miyala yomwe imagwa pansi. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala burgundy, wachikasu kapena kuphatikiza.
Mitundu ya ratibida ndi mawonekedwe awo
Mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya mbewuyi imadziwika, koma wamaluwa amakulitsa awiriwo okha:
- Yokhala ndi kolimba - tsinde kutalika kwa mita 1. Masamba a masamba ena owoneka bwino amakhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira wamtambo, ndipo duwa lake ndi lofiira, burgundy kapena chikasu. Mitengo yozungulira yomwe ili pamalire amalire ndi malire a magenta, achikasu kapena bulauni. Chifukwa chamtundu wa 3-5 cm wozungulira, mawonekedwewa amakumbukira kwambiri chipewa chodziwika bwino cha ku Mexico.
- Cirrus - nthawi zambiri chimamera ngati chomera chaka chilichonse, kutalika kwa 1.5 m. Masamba ovuta kwambiri, amandende. Maluwa amaluwa ofanana ndi mtanga ndi wachikaso kapena zofiirira. Poyambira pang'onopang'ono limatuluka pamwamba pa inflorescence.
Mitundu yonseyi imakhala ndi fungo lokhazikika.
Wamaluwa amakonda kulima ratibida, popeza tchire, mosamala, limaluwa kuyambira Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala ndipo limatha kukhala malo amodzi pafupifupi zaka zisanu. Ngakhale posasamalidwa, imakula ndi kusangalala ndi maluwa, chifukwa imafalikira podzilimitsa yokha.
Kukula ndi kufalitsa maluwa a prairie ratibida
Ratibida ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri pakubala. Njira zodziwika bwino ndi izi: kufesa mbewu, kufesa mbewu, dothi. Kutengera nyengo, nthawi ndi njira yodzala, mbewuyo imaphuka chaka chamawa kapena chimodzimodzi, koma pambuyo pake.
Mbewu
Kulima kwa ratonida ndi cirrus kuchokera ku nthangala zowunda kumayamba ndikubzala kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndipo mu February ndi nyengo yofatsa komanso yotentha. Zinthu zodzala zitha kugulidwa kapena kupezeka palokha. Misonkho yoyera ya chikasu chofiirira imachitidwa kuchokera ku inflorescence yowuma yokhala ndi chitsulo chakuda. Zimacha kumapeto kwa yophukira.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yofanana, yomasulidwa bwino komanso yopanda matumba. Kuti zikule bwino nthangala za ratibida, zimafesedwa munthaka kapena pang'ono pang'ono zamchere. Komabe, imakula bwino padziko lapansi, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti chomaliza sichikhala chonyowa kwambiri. Sikulimbikitsidwa kubzala chomera pafupi ndi dziwe. Ndikofunikira kufesa m'mabedi 2 cm mwakuya kwa masentimita 30. Kutsirira ndikulimbikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati nthawi yozizira sinakhale chipale chofewa.
Mbande
Kubzala mbande kumalimbikitsidwa m'malo ozizira. Bzalani kumapeto kwa yophukira kapena koyambirira kwamasika:
- Mbewu zimagawidwa pa kompositi, yonyowa (koma osati yonyowa), yowazidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa gawo lapansi ndikuyika malo owunikiridwa.
- Ndikofunikira kusungabe kutentha kwa + 20 ... +25 ° C. Zikatero, mbande zimamera masabata angapo.
- Kubira m'miphika kumachitika pambuyo pa kuonekera kwa tsamba lachiwiri pa mphukira.
- Kenako mbande zimasinthidwa kukhala wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Amakhala wopanda nkhawa kwa milungu iwiri, amazolowera dzuwa komanso dzuwa. Ikakhala yolimba kuti izitha kulowa m'nthaka, imathiriridwa maola awiri musanabzalidwe.
- Kumasulidwa maphika pang'onopang'ono, osaphwanya dothi, amayikidwa mumakumba osakumba oyambira ndikuwaza ndi lapansi. Khosi la mizu sayenera kuzilitsidwa osapitilira 2 cm.
Kugawanitsa
Njira yogawa tchire imagwiritsidwa ntchito mobera komanso kokha ngati ratibida yooneka ngati njuchi, popeza imakhala ndi mizu yozama yoboola ndodo, ndipo mu mitengo ya cirrus imakhalanso yachifundo kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso tchire. Chitsamba chazaka 4-5 chimakumbidwa bwino ndikugawidwa ndi secateurs kapena mpeni, osagwetsa nthaka kuchokera kumizu. Mulingo woyenera wa magawo omwe ali wogawika ayenera kukhala womwewo. Kuti chomera chizika mizu mwachangu ndikuyamba, chimayenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse.
Kudula
Zodula sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, chifukwa ratibida imafalitsidwa bwino ndi mbewu. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu Meyi-June mpaka masamba atapangidwa. Zidulidwazo zimadulidwa pamizu ndikuzikhomera impso yonyowa. Thirani pansi ndi mchenga kenako ndi kuphimba ndi mtsuko. Pambuyo pa masiku 14-20, tsinde limakhala ndi mizu yake. Mbande zimayikidwa patali 30-30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Malamulo Akasamalidwe Akasamalidwe Kotsalira
Chisamaliro chake ndichosavuta, ndipo ngakhale wosomayo wopanda luso angathane nacho.
Maluwa a prairee safuna kuthirira nthawi zonse, amachitika pokhapokha ngati kuli chilala cholimba kwanthawi yayitali, kenako pang'ono. Madzi pang'ono pang'onopang'ono maluwa.
Kuchuluka kwa dothi sikukhudza kukula kwa duwa, komabe, ngati dothi lidatha, mchere wambiri, koma osavomerezeka, umayambitsidwa masamba atayamba kupanga.
Chomera chimalekerera nyengo yachisanu bwino osafunikira pogona. Kukonzekera nthawi yozizira kumadulidwa ndikudula gawo la tsinde.
Kupewa tizirombo ndi matenda
Chomera chimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana komanso tizirombo. Chiwopsezo chitha kukhala chisamaliro chosayenera. Chifukwa chake, chinyezi mopitirira muyeso chimayambitsa kuwukira kwa powdery hlobo kapena nsabwe za m'masamba. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumapewetsedwa, ndipo malowa amayeretsedwa ndi zinyalala za mbewu. Nthaka imaphatikizidwa ndi ma mineral complex okhala ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ndikuyika ndi peat.
Makina opanga mawonekedwe amakonda kubzala ratibid pafupi ndi rudbeckia ndi echinacea. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga mbewu zabwino. Komanso, duwa limalimbikitsidwa kuti liyikidwe m'malo omera ndi dothi lophimba pansi.
