Eucharis ndi chomera chophatikiza chomwe ndi gawo la banja la Amaryllis. Malo ogawa - pakati komanso kumwera kwa America.
Maonekedwe a eucharis
Babu limakhala lalikulu masentimita awiri mpaka asanu. Masamba ndi olemekezeka, atakhala pamtunda waukulu wamtali, amafikira kutalika kwa 1 m, m'lifupi mpaka 30 cm. Pa chomera chimodzi osaposa zidutswa za 3-4.
Maluwa amawonedwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kugwa koyambirira. Masamba ndi oyera, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi daffodil, omwe amakhala m'magulu a inflorescence a 3-10 zidutswa. Kutalika mpaka 85 cm. Utoto wa koronawu umachokera ku chikasu mpaka kubiriwira kwakuda.
Poizoni wa eucharis
Eucharis amadziwika kuti ndi chomera chokongoletsera m'nyumba, koma chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa lycorin, ndi ena mwa maluwa oopsa. Mukamamwa, mankhwalawa amayamba kugunda mseru komanso kusanza.
Mukakulitsa eukaris kunyumba, iyenera kuyikidwa kutali ndi ana ndi ziweto.
Poidula, masamba kapena mababu, komanso kuzisanja, zimataya zinyalala zonse ndikusamba m'manja ndi sopo ndi madzi. Kulumikizana ndi kakombo kuyenera kukhala magolovesi.
Mitundu yotchuka ya eucharis yolimidwa mkati
Mitundu yotsatirayi ya eucharis ndiyabwino kulima mkati:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba | Maluwa Nthawi ya mapangidwe awo |
| Zachikulu zazikulu | Kutalika kwa babu ndi masentimita 3.5-5. Amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazambiri mitundu. | Mtundu wobiriwira. Oblong. | Zidutswa 2-6, kutalika mpaka 85 cm. Wotulutsidwa, fungo labwino. Masamba oyera. Disembala, Meyi, Ogasiti. |
| Choyera | Mababu okhathamira, kukula kwake - kuyambira 2,5 mpaka 5 cm. | Mtundu wobiriwira. Oblong, wowombera kumapeto. Kutalika mpaka 40 cm, m'lifupi - 12-15 cm. | Kuyambira 2 mpaka 10, kutalika mpaka 52 cm. Mabuku ndi oyera. Okutobala, Marichi. |
| Sander | Babu yayikulu kwambiri, m'mimba mwake mpaka 7 cm. | Wobiriwira wopepuka. Okwezedwa. | Maluwa 8-10, kutalika mpaka masentimita 50. Woyera ndi pakati chikasu. Seputembara, February. |
Kusamalira eucharis kunyumba
Mukamachoka kunyumba kwa eucharis, muyenera kuganizira nyengo ya chaka:
| Choyimira | Chilimwe cha masika | Kugwa nthawi yachisanu |
| Malo / Kuwala | Zoyikidwa kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa nyumbayo. Pawindo lakumpoto, mbewuyo imapatsidwa kuwala kokwanira. Zabwino koma zabalalika. | Phimbani ndi phytolamp. |
| Kutentha | + 19 ... +20 ° С. Kusintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha sikuletsedwa. | +15 ° C ndi kupitilira. |
| Chinyezi | Mulingo - 50-55%. Nthawi zina ankalipsira kapena kusamba machitidwe osamba. | Gawo 50-55%. Kudzanulira kuyimitsidwa. |
| Kuthirira | Kamodzi masiku onse atatu, thirani madzi okhazikika. | Kamodzi masiku 7 aliwonse. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi masiku 14, mitundu feteleza ndi organics. | Depositi imayimitsidwa. |
Kudulira
Zima nyengo yachisanu ku maluwa aku Amazon ziyenera kuchitika patatha maluwa, ngakhale masamba onse ndi masamba nthawi yayitali amasungabe utoto wawo. Chifukwa chake, alimi a maluwa amawongolera kutha kwa nthawi yamasamba, pambuyo pake masamba onse akufa ndi maluwa otayika amachotsedwa ndi lumo kapena mini-secateurs.
Kugulitsa
Mukamagula mbewu mu sitolo, samalani ndi kukula kwa mphikawo. Izi ndichifukwa choti kakombo ka ku Amazon kamakula mwachangu ndipo mizu yake imayamba kutuluka. Chifukwa chake, ngati mphamvuyo ili yaying'ono, thirani pomwepo.
Nthawi yabwino ndi March kapena koyambirira kwa Epulo. Eucharis amawokeranso zaka 1.5-2 pambuyo pa maluwa. Ndi Thirani, musathamangire, njirayi imachitika pamene babu ladzaza lonse mphalawo.
Makamaka chidwi chake chimalipira nthaka. Ikhoza kugulidwa m'sitolo, dothi lililonse la maluwa ochulukitsa lidzachita, ndipo amathanso kukonzekera kunyumba. Ndi mafayilo odziimira pawokha 2: 1: 1: 1:
- dothi lamasamba;
- turf ndi peat dziko;
- mchenga.
Masamba achilengedwe ndi maluwa opanga maluwa a Amazon ndi osalimba, choncho amasintha duwa mosamala.
Sizoletsedwa kuphwanya umphumphu wa dziko lapansi.
Mukachotsa duwa pamphika, mumasulani dothi latsopano, onetsetsani mizu, ndikutsuka bwino ndi madzi.
Denga lamadzi lakhazikitsidwa pansi pamphika watsopano. Kenako, mababu 3-4 amayikidwa mu chidebe chilichonse. Ataziyika mu ziwiya, mizu imawongoledwa ndikufundidwa ndi dothi lapansi.
Ngati chomerachi chili chaching'ono, mababuwo amabzalidwa mpaka akuya masentimita 1.5. Koma pakalibe masamba pa eucharis, nsonga ya babu imayikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka, kenako makulidwe ake amawonedwa.
Zomera zimatha, kakombo wa ku Amazon amathiriridwa madzi ambiri. Pakadali pano, amawunikira mosamala kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndipo salola kuti dziko lapansi liume.
Kubalana kwa eucharis
Wamaluwa akulangizidwa kuti azisamalira maluwa a ku Amazon ndi "ana" omwe amapezeka mumaluwa kuyambira azaka 4. Kuti muchite izi, duwa limachotsedwa mumphika, mababu amasiyanitsidwa ndikubzala zinthu zimapezeka kwa iwo. Zigawo zimakonkhedwa ndi makala pochiritsa mabala mwachangu.
Ngati kukula kwa "khanda" ndikocheperako kapena popanda masamba, ndibwino kuti musamudule, popeza pali mwayi waukulu woti sungazike mizu. Kubzala kumachitika mwa kufananizira ndi chomera chachikulu. Ana amabzalidwa m'magulu a zidutswa za 3-5 mumphika umodzi ndi mtunda wa 20-25 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake.
Kufalikira kwa kakombo wa ku Amazonia ndi mbewu kumachitidwanso, koma nthawi zina, popeza ndi kulima kumeneku, maluwa oyamba a eucharis amapezeka patatha zaka zisanu.
Kuti mupeze bokosi lomwe lili ndi njere, mungu wake wamaluwa umachita. Chifukwa chaichi, swab thonje imachitika pa pestle ndi stamens. Bokosilo silichotsedwa mpaka litayamba kuuma ndikusweka.
Mbewu zokonzeka zimayikidwa mu mbale ndi dothi lonyowa, owazidwa ndi dothi louma, lomwe limakutidwa ndi filimu ndikuyika malo otentha. Pakatha milungu ingapo, masamba oyamba amapanga. Pakaphuka masamba awiri kapena atatu, mphukirazo zimazidulira mu zidutswa za 3-4 nkuzisunga mosiyana.
Kulakwitsa kwa Eucharis, Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mukakula m'nyumba, eucharis amathanso kuzunzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi chisamaliro cholakwika:
| Vuto (kuthana ndi masamba) | Chifukwa | Njira yothetsera |
| Chikaso ndi kugwa. | Kuchuluka kwamagetsi. | Sinthani njira yothirira. Musalole kuyanika dothi ndi kusokonekera kwamadzi, pomwe mizu imawola. |
| Kufota. | Kupanda chinyezi. | Sungani pafupipafupi kuthirira, kusamukira kuchipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wambiri. |
| Kupotoza. | Kutentha kosayenera. | Amayikidwa m'chipindamo ndi kutentha kwa + 20 ... +25 ° С. |
| Malangizo owuma. | Kupanda chinyezi. | Sinthani makina othirira. |
| Mawonekedwe achikaso. | Kuwongolera dzuwa. | Shani kapena kusuntha pang'ono. |
| Imfa yokhazikika komanso kutuluka kwatsopano. | Kuperewera kwa kuwala kapena michere. | M'nyengo yozizira, amadzaza ndi phytolamp ndipo amadyetsedwa ndi nayitrogeni. |
| Ana samawonekera. | Tsekani mphamvu kapena osati yakucha chomera. | Ana amapezeka mu bulb wachikulire maluwa atangotuluka kumene, ngati izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti duwa limasinthidwa kukhala chidebe chokulirapo. |
| Kupanda maluwa. | Nthawi yolakwika yopumira. | Amasamukira m'chipinda chozizira komanso chowunikira pang'ono, amachepetsa kuthirira, kusiya kudya. Zikatero, mbewuyo imasiyidwa kwa milungu 4-5, kenako nkubwerera pamalo abwino. |
| Kufota. Kuwonongeka kwa mizu. | Gray zowola. | Masamba omwe akhudzidwa amachotsedwa, mizu yowola imadulidwa. Kukonzedwa ndi 1% mkuwa sulfate. |
| Mawonekedwe ofiira. | Mafangayi. | Chomera chimachotsedwa mumphika, malo owonongeka amachotsedwa, malo omwe amachepetsa amathandizidwa ndi zobiriwira zabwino. Kenako youma kwa masiku awiri ndikubzala m'nthaka yatsopano. |
| Lethargy, mkatimo mumakhala chidziwitso cha midges yakuda. | Sayansi. | Kukonzedwa ndi Acarin. |
| Tsamba loonda loyera. | Spider mite. | Anawaza ndi Fitoverm. |
| Kutumphuka kwa masamba, pali miyeso pomwe tizirombo timabisa. | Nyongolotsi ya Amaryllis. | Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala Vertimek, Aktara, Akarin. |
| Kuwala kofiyira kowoneka bwino pa mababu, masamba ndi ma peduncle. | Stagonosporosis. | Madera omwe ali odulidwa amadulidwa, amacheka ndi zinthu zobiriwira, zouma kwa masiku 1-2 ndikuziika m'nthaka yatsopano. |
A Dachnik amafotokoza: Zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro zabodza zokhudza eukaris
Duwa la Amazon ndi maluwa abwino kwambiri omwe amasintha mphamvu yonse ya chipindacho, nthawi yamaluwa imapatsa banja lake chisangalalo ndi kupumula.
Poganizira zisonyezo ndi zikhulupiriro zamatsenga, titha kusiyanitsa kuti mbewuyo imatenga malingaliro osalimbikitsa ndikuletsa kupangidwe kwatsopano. Lily ali ndi phindu pa kakulidwe ka ana, akumawakakamiza kuti aphunzire dziko ndikupeza chidziwitso chatsopano. M'mayiko ambiri komanso anthu ambiri, chomera chimadziwika ngati chizindikiro cha kutonthozedwa panyumba.
Ku Colombia, eucharis amapangidwa kukhala mkwatibwi wa mkwatibwi kuti ateteze banja la mtsogolo ku mikangano.
