Beet zamkati: ndi chiyani, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kudyetsa ng'ombe

Beet zamkati ndi mankhwala otchuka kwambiri pa zakudya za ng'ombe. Zikhoza kudyetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma zomwe zimapezeka mu granules ndizofala komanso zowoneka bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuli ndi ubwino wambiri komanso mbali zake. Za momwe ndizomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zida zoweta za ng'ombe, momwe mungasunge - tiyeni tiyankhule.

Kodi ndi zamkati za beet

Chotupa chimatcha chilichonse chotsalira pambuyo pofikira, pakadali pano - ndi shuga zouma za beet chips, pambuyo pochotsa mitsuko yakufa. Ndipotu, ndizowonongeka kuchokera ku mafakitale a shuga, omwe angathe kugulitsidwa kwa alimi ndi alimi monga chakudya, kupanga phindu lina.

Mukudziwa? Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1800, shuga mu beets siidapitilira 1-2%, komabe, ndi ochita zokololawo kwa zaka mazana angapo, mitundu yatsopano ya shuga yopangidwa ndi shuga, momwe chiwerengero cha mankhwalawa chimafikira 20%, chinamera!

Zithunzizi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwamsanga mutatuluka shuga mu mawonekedwe ake opaka ndi owopsa. Koma kawirikawiri zimakonzedweratu, zopindulitsa ndi zigawo zina.

Malingana ndi njira yopangira (processing) ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera, pali mitundu yambiri ya zamkati:

• zouma zitsamba - mawonekedwe otchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha moyo wautali wam'mbuyo, zakudya zam'thupi komanso mosavuta kupanga;
• zamkati zam'chitini - kusinthidwa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito;
• molasses - amapeza powonjezera misozi (molasses);
• amide - ataphatikizapo kuwonjezera mchere ndi urea (urea, fetereza);
• amido mineral - kupatula urea, molasses, phosphate, mineral components, mirabilite ndiwonjezedwa;
• bard - ataphatikizapo kuwonjezera mabadi (zonyansa ngati nthaka pambuyo pa mowa kapena distillation).

Kukonzekera kotereku kumakupatsani kusunga mankhwala omalizira kwa nthawi yaitali, kuwonjezera kukoma kwake, kufunika kwa zakudya komanso, chifukwa chake, phindu kwa chinyama.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungakhalire ng'ombe zonenepa.

Ubwino ndi zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito ngati chakudya cha ng'ombe

Matumbo a beet mu mawonekedwe a granules amakhala ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri pa zakudya za ng'ombe, ndi chifukwa chabwino.

Phindu logwiritsira ntchito ndi lofunika:

• mtengo wapamwamba wa zakudya;
• zinthu zopindulitsa kwambiri;
• kuonjezera kupanga mkaka, kupindula, kupha, komanso ubweya wa zikopa;
• Kukoma kokoma, chifukwa cha thumba ndi phala kumakhala kokongola kwa zinyama, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azikhala wokhumba bwino ndi kulemera kolemera;
• moyo wamtali wautali;
• chisangalalo cha kayendedwe;
• chakudya chochepa chimadya.

Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito zamkati mu zakudya, mavuto ena angabwere, ena mwa iwo akuphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya miyezo ya tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zolakwika mu ntchito:

• kufunika kotipiritsa granules, monga momwe zouma ndizosatheka kuzidyetsera ng'ombe;
• kufunika koyeza mlingo kuti mudziwe mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku;
• kuchepa kwa ubwino ndi kukoma kwa mkaka ndi mkaka ndi kusagwirizana ndi mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku;
• Matenda a m'mimba (makamaka nyama zinyama, komanso kusagwirizana ndi mlingo).

Mphungu yapamwamba ndi gwero labwino kwambiri la zowonjezera ndi zakudya, zimayambitsa mimba ndipo sizikugwedeza mthupi. Molasses zamkati (komanso mawonekedwe a granules) amathandiza kukoma kwa nyama ndi mkaka, normalizes chimbudzi, zimakhudza thupi ndi shuga. Mitundu ina ya zamkati imagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.

Mukudziwa? Ng'ombe yamakono ndi yodabwitsa: kutalika kwa matumbo kumakhala pafupifupi mamita 50, ndipo mlingo wa m'mimba umatha kufika 250 malita, ndipo 80 peresenti ya voliyumu ikugwa mbali yaikulu kwambiri, chilonda.

Mbali za youma granulated beet zamkati

Choncho, phindu loyambitsa beet zamkati mu zakudya sizingatheke. Koma kuti mumvetsetse chifukwa chomwe mankhwalawa ali othandizira, ganizirani zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala.

Zimapangidwa motani?

Beet zamkati zakhala zouma "chikapu" cha beet chips, chopanikizidwa mu pellets.

Zopangidwazo zimapangidwa muzigawo zingapo:

1. Mzuwu umatsukidwa, kutsukidwa kuchokera pa peel ndi pamwamba ndikuphwanyika kuti zipsu zisapitirire 2mm
2. Madzi ochuluka amadutsa mu chips, zomwe shuga zamasamba zimasungunuka. Kenaka, madzi otentha amayamba.
3. Miphika yamadzi imakhala yowuma ndi nthunzi pamatentha pafupifupi 150 ° C, motero, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mumtengowo kumadutsa 6 mpaka 14%.
4. Zipatso zouma zimayikidwa mu ufa, zowonjezeredwa ndi mapuloteni, odulidwa, mabakiteriya a lactic acid.
5. Mpweya umapangidwa kukhala granules pa chipangizo chapadera, chomwe chimapangitsa kuyanika komaliza.

Pezani chomwe chikudya chakudya chodziwika bwino.

Beet chips angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwamsanga pambuyo shuga m'zigawo mawotchi mawonekedwe (madzi okhutira ndi pafupifupi 90%), koma pakali pano adzakhala ndi yaifupi akachisi - maola 48. Kawirikawiri, shavings yamadzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi minda yomwe ili mkati mwa makilomita 25 kuchokera ku fakitale ya shuga.

Kutumiza chakudya kwa maulendo ataliatali sikupindulitsa phindu la ndalama ndi nthawi. Ndicho chifukwa chake zimakhala zomveka, zopindulitsa komanso zothandiza kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chakuda kwambiri granulated.

Mankhwala amapangidwa

Pogulitsa zinyama, mankhwalawa ndi gwero lamtengo wapatali la mapuloteni osakanizika, zowonongeka mosavuta, chakudya, mchere ndi vitamini substances. Amatulutsidwa mu zakudya kuti athetse mizu, popanga chakudya cha nyama.

Zingakhale zothandiza kuti muwerenge za kulemera kwake kwa ng'ombe, momwe mungadyetse ng'ombe pa msipu, momwe mungatsamire ng'ombe, momwe mungayesetse kutentha thupi kwa ng'ombe, ndi choti muchite ngati ng'ombe ikupha.

Pambuyo pa shuga m'zigawo, masentimita ndi 90% madzi ndipo chifukwa chake zakudya zake zimakhala zochepa, koma pambuyo poyanika ndi kukulitsa, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ouma mmenemo kumadza kufika 85-94%.

Zachigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimapangidwa:

• zinthu zokhazokha - 50%;
• celulo - 45-47%;
• mapuloteni - 2%;
• wowuma ndi shuga - 0,6-0.7%;
• ma micro-ndi macronutrients (calcium, phosphorus) - 1%;
• mavitamini (B1, B2, B5, B6, B, C);
• amino acid (lysine);
• fiber;
• phulusa;
• mafuta.

Malamulo akusungirako

Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti zakudya zonse zimakhalabe mu granulated pulp, ndipo chinyama chimapindula nacho, zipangizo ziyenera kusungidwa bwino:

• chipinda chosungiramo zipangizo chiyenera kukonzedwa, ndi mawindo ake, zitseko, denga, pansi, kuti zisawonongeke;
• Chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa moto pamagazi pafupi ndi malo osungirako sikuyenera kukhala (()) zotentha ndi zinthu;
• Chikhalidwe cha kutentha: 0 ... +25 ° С, pamene kutentha kumasintha, mankhwala akhoza kuundana kapena kuwawa, pa kutentha kwambiri ndikotheka kuti moto ukhoza kuchitika;
• matumba, matumba akulu (zitsulo zofewa) ndizofunikira kusungirako;
• muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chinyezi mu chipinda, chilolezo chovomerezeka - mpaka 60%;
• chinyontho cha ma granules sichiyenera kupitirira 15%.

Ndikofunikira! Pamene chinyezi chili ndi 5-6%, nkhungu ya xerophilic imayamba kukula, ndiye kuti spores ya nkhungu ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimachulukanso, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala (kudziwotcha, kutentha, kuyisaka). Ndiletsedwa kudyetsa nyama zotere ndi nyama!

Momwe mungadyetse ng'ombe ndi beet zamkati

Zakudyazi ndi zowonjezereka, zowonongeka bwino komanso zokondweretsa zinyama, koma ziyenera kupatsidwa kuganizira mlingo uliwonse kuti zisasokoneze chimbudzi. Musanayambe kudya, granules ayenera kuthiridwa madzi otentha (osatentha) pa chiŵerengero cha 1: 3 (magawo atatu a madzi). Mulimonsemo n'zosatheka kupereka zipangizo mulimonsemo, monga kutupa mmimba kumayambitsa chakudya kudyetsa chimbudzi, kupwetekedwa m'mimba, kudzimbidwa ndi mavuto ena ndi tsamba la m'mimba.

Mitengo ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya magulu osiyanasiyana a ng'ombe:

• ng'ombe zazikulu za mkaka - 30-40 makilogalamu payekha;
• ng'ombe zazikulu - makilogalamu 30 payekha;
• akuluakulu a nyama - 50-70 kg.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse ng ombe za mkaka, komanso mudzidziwe nokha ndi kudyetsa mwana wang'ombe.

Mukamadyetsa zamkati mwazitsulo, ziyenera kuchepetsedwa pafupifupi 10 nthawi:

• ng'ombe zazikulu za mkaka - 3-4 makilogalamu;
• ng'ombe - 3 makilogalamu;
• anthu akuluakulu - 5-6 makilogalamu.

Ngati pali mbatata kumsongole wamsongole, kuchuluka kwa masamba sikuyenera kupitirira 1/5 ya chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku, koma ngati palibe mbatata mu zakudya, ndiloledwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zamkati pa 25% ya chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti mukamadyetsa mankhwalawa mu zakudya muyenera kukhala chakudya chambiri (udzu, udzu). Kuwonjezera pa mlingo woyenera wa mlingo wa mankhwalawa wadzazidwa ndi zotsatira zotsatirazi:

• kuyamwa mofulumira mkaka, kusintha kukoma kwake, mankhwala, kuchuluka kwake ndi coagulability;
• Chotsatira chake ndi chakuti, zamasamba zochokera ku zipangizo zoterezi zimapsa nthawi yolakwika, mafutawo amakhala osasinthasintha komanso otchulidwa koyera;
• Matenda a m'mimba amapezeka m'matanthwe omwe amadyetsa mkaka kuchokera kwa ng'ombe ndi zamkati mwa zakudya.

Ndikofunikira! Manyowa otsekemera ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga kapena pakangotha ​​maola angapo, pamene mankhwalawa akufulumira, makamaka nyengo yotentha.

Ndi ziweto ziti zomwe zimaperekedwa

Nyerere ya beet ingatchedwe kuti ndibwino kuti azidyetsa zinyama zambiri, kupatula ng'ombe:

• mahatchi;
• nkhumba;
• mbuzi;
• nkhosa

Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa nyama zotchulidwawo wasankhidwa powalingalira kulemera kwake. Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti beet zamkati mwa mawonekedwe a granules ndi zakudya zowonjezereka, zowonjezera, zosagula komanso zotchuka kwambiri zodyetsa zinyama, zomwe zingawonjezere kwambiri mitengo, komanso mkaka ndi nyama.