Mphungu ikukhala chomera chofala kwambiri m'minda yam'munda, ngakhale kuti ndi malo obadwira a United States. Mphungu imayamikira maonekedwe ake okongoletsera, mtundu wobiriwira ndi singano zazikulu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wamaluwa kuti azikongoletsa, mabedi ndi njira.
Mphungu - Izi ndizomera zobiriwira. Pa maulendo okhudza zomera zomwe amadzifunsa nthawi zambiri: Kodi mjunipiti amakhala wochuluka motani? Zikakhala bwino, shrub ikhoza kukhala ndi moyo zaka 200, komanso momwe mungabzalitsire juniper yopingasa, komanso momwe mungasamalire bwino chiwindi chachikulu, tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Mphungu yopanda malire: kufotokoza
Amaluwa ambiri, akamva za mkungudza, ali ndi ndondomeko yosamvetsetseka ya mtundu wa zomera. Oimira a mkungudzawa ndi awa: Tsitsi lazitali lamasentimita 20, lomwe liri ndi korona yaikulu, yomwe imatha kufika masentimita 180. Nthambizi ndizomwe zimakhala zowonongeka, zitakulungidwa pamwamba. Nthano yaitali - 3-5 mm. Mtundu uli wobiriwira kapena wofiira.
Mukudziwa? Pakuti mchenga wamphepete wamdima umakhala wamdima ndipo ukhoza kukhala ndi mthunzi wakuda.Maluwawo amamera mu May, amabala chipatso mu June-July, zipatso zoyamba zimawonekera m'chaka chachiwiri cha kukula. Mdima wandiweyani shishkoyagod (mu mitundu ina ingakhale yakuda), kukula kwa 5-6 mm mwake. Chosavuta cha maluwa ndi chakuti mlimi amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amakula masentimita 10 pa chaka.
Zaka zaposachedwa, obereketsa adatulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mkungudza, yomwe ili mitundu yochepa yomwe imatha kufika masentimita 10, ndi mitundu yayitali - mpaka 50 cm.Kukula ndi kusamalira juniper yopingasa, zomwe zimabzala
Msuzi wamaluwa osaphatikizapo sikutanthauza zapadera pamene mukudzala ndi kusamalira, komabe pali zovuta zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa. Momwe mungabzalitsire juniper ndi momwe mungapange, kotero kuti zimakondweretsa inu ndi zokongoletsera zake, tidzakambirana zambiri.
Kufunika kwa mkungudza wopanda malire kunthaka
Pofuna kukula kwa mkungudza, ndi bwino kusankha nthaka ya mchenga wotchedwa loamy kapena mchenga yomwe imakhala yokwanira komanso yathanzi. Kusagwirizana kuyenera kukhala kotayirira, ndi zabwino ngalande, chifukwa mulemera dothi dothi limene madzi stagnates, mjunipeni sichidzakula.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yosakanikirana ndi nthaka ndi izi: magawo awiri a humus ayenera kusakanizidwa ndi magawo awiri a nthaka ya sod, kuwonjezera magawo awiri a peat ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga.
Ndikofunikira! Mchenga wamtundu wokhazikika "amangotenga" zinthu zothandiza m'nthaka, komanso amachita ngati "dokotala" wa nthaka, kuteteza kutentha kwa dothi.
Momwe mungasankhire malo kuti mukhale ndi kuunika kwa juniper
Musanayambe kulima chomera, muyenera kudziwa komwe mkungudza udzakula bwino. Yabwino kwambiri kwa chomera choyenera kutentha, malo owala bwino. Ngakhale kuti juniper imalekerera kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, ndi bwino kusankha malo otetezedwa ku mphepo.
Momwe mungabzalitsire juniper yopingasa, ndondomeko
Kudyetsa mkung'onoting'ono kosalala, monga njira yonse ya kulima, sikovuta kwambiri. Ndondomeko yobwera ndi yosavuta, koma zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mosamala:
- dzenje liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuposa mmera, kawiri, ndi m'mimba mwake liyenera kupitirira kukula kwa muzu ndi nsalu ya dziko lapansi 2.5;
- Ndikofunika (!) kuyika wosanjikiza pansi pa dzenje;
- Musanayambe kubzala mbeu, iyenera kukhala yotetezedwa ndi matenda a potaziyamu permanganate;
- Pomwe dzenje liri lodzaza ndi nthaka, m'pofunika kutsanulira chidebe cha madzi mmenemo ndikuyala mmera;
- chomera mu dzenje chiyenera kubzalidwa ndi clod earthy;
- Mtunda wa pakati pa anthu akuluakulu uyenera kukhala mamita 1.5;
- Mbeu zowzalidwa mwatsopano ziyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi utuchi kapena masamba (wosanjikiza 5-8 masentimita).
Mukudziwa? Pofuna kupanga juniper mizu yabwino, mungathe kuwonjezera rotor kumadzi kuti akuwetse.
Mbali za chisamaliro cha juniper
Mphungu - chomera chodzichepetsa, osati posankha dothi, komanso mosamala. Kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo wokongola, juniper amafunika kumwa madzi okwanira pa nthawi yake, kudyetsa kwambiri, komanso kudulira.
Momwe mungamwetse ndi kusamalira mkungudza
Mphungu imalekerera chilala msanga bwino ndipo imafuna kuthirira kwina pokhapokha nthawi yotentha. Pofuna kusunga chinyezi chokwanira, nkofunika osati kuthira madzi shrub, komanso kupopera mbewu. Ndiye ngakhale nyengo yotentha kwambiri, mkungudza adzakukondani ndi mtundu wake wowala. Imwani chomeracho muteteze bwino madzi ozizira. Pamodzi ndi ulimi wothirira, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka, yomwe ingathandize mizu kudyetsedwa ndi mpweya.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mkungudza umakula pamalo pomwe madzi akumwa ali pafupi ndi mizu ya mbewu, kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa mosamala komanso moyenera, chifukwa mkungudza sungalole madzi ochulukirapo.
Mphungu yopanda malire: feteleza ndi kuvala pamwamba
Mphungu samasowa kawirikawiri ndikudyetsa mwamphamvu. M'chaka kumapanga nitroammofosku pa mlingo wa 30-40 g pa mita imodzi. Mukamabzala m'nthaka ngati fetereza, mukhoza kuwonjezera peat kapena pine nut chipolopolo. Njira ina yosakaniza nitroammofoski ikhoza kukhala feteleza ovuta kwa feteleza. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza chotero mosamala, kutsatira mosamala malangizo. Mu nyengo yowuma kwambiri, mjunipira yopingasa ikhoza kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza a nayitrogeni.
Mukudziwa? N'zosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito ng'ombe kapena mbalame zamtundu, zomwe zimachokera kumtunduwu ndizoopsa kwambiri ndipo zimatha "kuwotcha" mizu ya mbewu.
Mbali za mjunipira yopanda malire, kudula
Musanayambe kudula mkung'alu wosakanikirana, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala. Kudulira mchenga kumakhala kamodzi pachaka ndipo ziyenera kukhala zofooka kwambiri. Muyezo wodula wodwalayo, masamba owuma ndi odwala okha amachotsedwa, ndipo pamene akudulira korona, mphukira zabwino zimatha kuchotsedwa, koma kudulidwa mpaka masentimita 7, chifukwa ngati mphukira imadulidwa kwambiri, chomeracho chingadwale.
Kufalikira kwa mkungudza wakuzungulira
Mphungu amatha kufalikira m'njira ziwiri: mbewu ndi vegetative (kukalumikiza). Ganizirani njira ziwiri izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Kudula ndi "chidendene" kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yamvula. Mu chomera chachikulu, m'pofunika kudula chidutswa cha masentimita 12, kotero kuti masentimita 2-3 a tsinde akhalebe. Ndikofunika kuchotsa masingano onse kudula ndikuwaika mu fetereza madzi tsiku kuti apange mizu mwamsanga. Kenaka zidutswazo zimabzalidwa miphika, kumizidwa ndi masentimita 3, mu chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi peat mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1. The cuttings ayenera kuthiridwa ndi yokutidwa ndi zojambulazo. Ndikofunika kusunga zitsulo ndi juniper wobzalidwa pamtunda wosachepera 22 ° С, kuchotsa filimuyo mu mphika maola asanu alionse.
Nthaka nthawi zonse iyenera kukhala yonyowa. Mizu yoyamba idzaonekera mwezi ndi hafu, ndipo padzakhala zotheka kuzizira zomera mu miphika mu miyezi iwiri, ndi zaka 2-3 kuzibzala m'malo osatha.
Kufalitsa mbewu sikutanthauza kubzala mbewu, komanso kumangiriza mbewu.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu ina ya juniper sangathe kufalikira ndi mbewu, kawirikawiri imatchedwa F1.
Mukhoza kubzala osati kugula mbewu, koma amasonkhananso kuchokera ku zomera zawo. Ndondomeko ya stratification ndi iyi: yikani peat mu bokosi, ikani nyemba pamwamba ndikuphimba ndi chofanana. Siyani bokosi kunja kwa nyengo yonse yachisanu ndi mwezi woyamba wa masika. Mu May, mukhoza kuyamba kubzala mbewu. Musanayambe kufesa, m'pofunika kusunga mbeuyi mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate (3%) kwa mphindi 30, kenako gwiritsani ntchito maola awiri mu feteleza madzi ndikufesa pamalo okonzeka malinga ndi dongosolo 50 × 80.
Kukaniza kwa mkungudza kosavuta kwa matenda ndi tizirombo
Pa maofesi, mukhoza kupeza ndemanga zomwe mjunipira akutembenukira chikasu, zimatulutsa zowuma, kukula kwa fungalima kumawoneka pamtengo, kuyambira wamaluwa samadziwa choti achite muzochitika zoterezo. Zizindikiro izi ndi zizindikiro za matenda monga fusarium (chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi), dzimbiri (mchere wambiri mumtunda kuzungulira chitsamba), matenda a fungal schütte (ndi mthunzi wambiri).
Matenda onsewa amapezeka chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino kwa mbeu. Polimbana ndi matenda, m'pofunika kuchiza shrub ndi fungicides ndi Bordeaux zakumwa. Monga njira yothandizira, m'pofunikira kuchotsa mwamsanga zinthu zonse zakugwa pansi pa chitsamba, komanso kuti muzitha kusamala.
Kuchokera kwa tizilombo timene timatha kumenyana ndi aphid, scytwick ndi kangaude. Kuwongolera kwa tizirombozi ndi kosavuta: akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa ndi manja (ndikofunikira kuchita ndi magolovesi), kuononga nyerere (ndizo "zotsogola" za nsabwe za m'masamba), komanso kuthandizira shrub ndi tizilombo ndi madzi sofi.
Monga mukuonera, sizingakhale zovuta kukula mkung'alu wosakanizika m'deralo. Muyenera kukhala oleza mtima ndi kuyesetsa pang'ono, ndipo pabwalo lanu lidzakhala chinthu chokongoletsera chotere.
