Epipremnum ndi mpesa wamphesa wokhala ndi mpanda. Dzinali limatanthawuza "pamtengo." Zimawonetsera momwe mbewuyo ilimo. Ndi banja la Aroid. Mitundu ili ndi mitundu yoposa makumi atatu.
Wasiya masamba kapena mitengo yonse ya katiriyulu yomwe yakhala pachithunzi chamtali. Mthunzi wawo ndi wosiyana, kutengera mitundu. Chomera chimakhala chosalala, chosalala. Limamasula kuthengo kokha, ndipo kubereka kwakunyumba mpaka pano palibe amene wakwanitsa izi.
Mitundu ndi kusiyana kwawo
Kusamalira liana kunyumba ndikosavuta. Chifukwa chake, mbewu ya ampel ndiyotchuka. Mitundu yodziwika yomwe safuna chisamaliro chapadera komanso mawonekedwe awo:
| Onani | Kufotokozera, kusiyana |
| Golide (Aureum) | Masamba olimba owuma okhala ndi mawanga agolide ndi mizere pa mbale yobiriwira yakuda. Kutalika - 0,6 m, m'lifupi - 0,3-0.4 mamita. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ili ndi mawonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo, m'thukuta lagolide (golide) limakhala chikasu cholimba. Mfumukazi ya marble yamtengo wapatali ndi yoyera. |
| Ngale ndi Jade | Kukula kochepa. Mapalewo ndiotalika masentimita 8 ndi 5 cm.iwo ali ndi mawanga: obiriwira, oyera, imvi. Ndikosowa kupeza ma sheet awiri ofanana. Alibe wamba yosalala pamwamba, koma yotupa. Tsinde ndilobiriwira ndi mizere yowoneka yayitali. Ziweto ndizitali, pafupifupi kukula kwake ndi mbale. |
| Nkhalango | Imafika mita 6. Masamba ndi chowulungika-lanceolate ndi emarodi wonyezimira. Mapulogalamu mpaka 15-20 cm kutalika ndi 5-6 cm mulifupi. |
| Cirrus (pinnatum) | Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri. Kuthengo kumafikira 35-40 metres. Mukaswana, nyumbayo imakula mpaka 10 metres. Mitundu ya achikulire imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wakoma. |
| Marble | Liana mpaka mita 15 kutalika. Mu mbande zazing'ono, tsinde ndi losalala, ndi msinkhu, zolemba zingapo zimawonekera. Mukamakulirapo chidwi, ndizomwe zimakhalapo. Masamba ndi ovoid pamtunda wofupikika wa petioles, 12-15 cm kutalika, 6-7 masentimita 6. Mitundu iwiri imasiyanitsidwa: argyraeus, exotica. Yoyamba ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi siliva. Lachiwiri - ndi ma mbale okhala ndi madontho a siliva okwera. |
| Angoy | Tsinde la angular ndi mamita 135. M'malingaliro achikulire, ali pamagulu. Petiole wakhazikika, masentimita 2-3. Mbale zooneka ngati dzira ndi zolimba komanso zowondera, ndipo ndimaso amtundu wonyezimira pazithunzi zakuda. |
| Mfumukazi ya Marble | Imafika mamita 4.5. Imakula bwino mu kuwala kosasunthika, imasinthana ndi mthunzi. |
| Nsomba bon | Imakhala ndi ma masamba akuluakulu ambiri okhala ndi masamba ambiri. Yakhala ikukula. Akufuna zosunga zobwezeretsera, zotetezedwa. |
| Sakanizani | Nthawi yokongoletsera ndi chaka chonse. Ku Britain, liana limatchedwa "magazi a ivy." Ku US, the Golden Potos. |
| Mfungulo wa mafupa | Zosiyanasiyana masamba akuluakulu obiriwira. |
| Neon | Kukula pang'onopang'ono. Masamba ndi golide, ma internodes amafupikitsidwa. |
| Silver Ann ndi Thai Clone | Mitundu yosiyanasiyana kwambiri. |
Simungaone maluwa panyumba iliyonse, koma chifukwa cha mawonekedwe okongoletsa, a liana azikongoletsa zamkati chilichonse.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Kuti liana lizike mizu kunyumba, ndikofunikira kusunga zina zofunika kuzisamalira. Amasiyana malinga ndi nyengo:
| Parameti | Kasupe / chilimwe | Kugwa / yozizira |
| Malo / Kuwala | Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kumawindo. Mphika ukayikidwa pazenera lakumwera, uyenera kukhala wamdima kuchokera kumayilo achindunji a ultraviolet. Ndikosatheka kudzipatula kwathunthu liana padzuwa, lidzaleka kukula ndi kutaya mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa. Kuwala kuyenera kuyimitsidwa. | |
| Kutentha | Palibe chifukwa choti pakhale kutentha kwapadera. Analimbikitsa - osapitirira + 25 ° ะก. | Kutentha kuyenera kutsitsidwa, koma osachepera + 12 ° C. |
| Chinyezi | Zosafunika pachomera, zimapulumuka bwino pamalo achinyezi chachipinda. | Mukamagwiritsa ntchito magetsi othandizira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikofunikira. |
| Kuthirira | Kamodzi masiku asanu. | Kamodzi pa sabata ndi theka. Pakati pa ndondomeko, nthaka iyenerauma. |
Kubzala, dothi, kusankha mphika
Poto wobzala uyenera kutengedwa ndi kuya kwakuya komanso mulifupi. Dongosolo la mizu limakula mwachangu, koma ngati pali malo ochulukirapo, limakhazikika chifukwa cha oxidation nthaka yosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zoyerekeza zazing'ono zimabzalidwa m'mbale zasiliva zingapo.
Kulengela kumachitika motere:
- mphukira imanyowa m'madzi kwa masiku angapo;
- Zinthuzo zimayikidwa m'nthaka kuti zikhale zodzikongoletsera masentimita atatu mpaka asanu.
Nthaka amatengedwa mlengalenga. Mutha kugula kapena kudzipanga nokha: sakanizani turf, nthaka yamasamba, mchenga, peat. Musaiwale za dongo lamadzi. Thirani mu 1/3 ya chotengera. Izi zikuthandizira kuti pasakhale chinyontho ndi kuwonongeka kwina.
Feteleza
Nthawi yolima imatenga mu Epulo mpaka Okutobala. Kudyetsa ndikofunikira pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Za feteleza gwiritsani ntchito maluwa am'nyumba.
Kuyambira mwezi wa Okutobala mpaka Epulo, epipremnum ikupuma. Sichifunikira kukumana ndi manyowa ngati atayikidwa m'chipinda chozizira. Mu nyengo yamvula, palibenso chifukwa chodyetsera. Ngati chomera chimayikidwa m'chipinda chofunda, ndiye feteleza ntchito masabata anayi alionse.
Zinthu za kudulira, kufalikira, kubereka
Achichepere achinyamata amawokedwa mchaka chilichonse. Okhwima - kamodzi zaka zitatu. Mphukira zophuka zimachotsedwa. Amayikidwa m'madzi. Mizu yake ikadzala, imabzalidwa mumphika. Zomera zimakula kwambiri. Sichiyenera kudulidwa, koma kupatsa mawonekedwe okongoletsa, zitha kuchitidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Liana kufalitsidwa ndi odulidwa. Amadulidwa mumagawo ang'onoang'ono amtundu wa 2-3, wobzalidwa mumphika wa masentimita 7-9. Mizu imachitika mkati mwa masiku 14-17. Zitatha izi, chomeracho chimapanikizika kuti chikhale ndi nthambi zabwino. Mizu yake ikangogwedezeka padziko lapansi, epipremnum imayikidwa mu chidebe china chotalika 10 cm.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Epipremnum amakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo totsatirazi:
- Nsabwe za m'masamba: kudyetsedwa bwino ndi chomera. Kuti achotse tizilombo, liana limachiritsidwa ndi njira yothira sopo, yothiridwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa peel ya zipatso. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala Fitoverm, Trichopolum, Fufanon ndi ena.
- Zingwe: mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba. Mutha kuthana ndi vuto la pathological mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ochokera ku sitolo (Aktara, Actellik ndi ena).
- Spider mite: chomera chimayamba kuuma, ukonde wowonda wa kangaude umaonekera. Liana akulimbikitsidwa kuti azitsuka posamba. Ngati izi sizithandiza, gwiritsirani ntchito mankhwala oopsa (Actellik, Fitoverm ndi ena).
Matenda amatuluka chifukwa cha zolakwa posamalira: kuchuluka ndi kusakhazikika kwa chinyezi, kutentha kosayenera, kusowa kapena kuyatsa kwambiri. Chomera chimafota pamenepa, masamba amawuma, amada kapena kutuluka chikasu. Kuti muchotse mawonekedwe osasangalatsa, muyenera kuchotsa zolakwika pazomwe zili.
Ubwino ndi kuvulaza kwa epipremnum
Asayansi apeza kuti epipremnum imayeretsa mpweya. Mphika wokhala ndi chomera umalimbikitsidwa kuti uyikidwe m'khitchini. Mpweya wambiri umadyedwa pamenepo, ndipo liana limasefera mpweya, ndikuchotsa xylene, benzene, formaldehyde.
Kummawa, amakhulupirira kuti epipremnum imagwira ntchito ndi moyo, imapirira kupirira, imathandizira kukulitsa luso la malingaliro, komanso imalimbikitsa kupititsa patsogolo ntchito, zochitika zachitukuko. Zimasintha mkhalidwe wamunthu ndi wamaganizidwe. M'nyumba momwe duwa limamera, mkhalidwe wabwino nthawi zonse umalamulira.
Komabe, epipremnum imatha kuvulaza munthu, komanso ziweto. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbewuyo ndi yoopsa. Ngati kutulutsa kwake kukufika pa nembanemba, mkwiyo umawoneka. Woopsa milandu, edema imayamba. Pofuna kupewa zovuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisungire ana ndi nyama nyama mwachitsanzo, mumphika wopendekera.
Kusiyana pakati pa epipremnum ndi scindapsus
Awiri oyandikira kubanja limodzi. Komabe awa ndi mbewu zosiyana. Poyamba, panali ma scindapsus okha. Kenako genip epipremnum inali yokhayokha, gawo la mitunduyo linasamutsidwira kwa iwo.
