Kubzala plums m'dzinja: malangizo a pang'onopang'ono

Chimodzi mwa zokondedwa kwambiri zomwe timafuna m'minda yathu ndi maula. Wobadwa ku Asia, adafalikira ku Europe, atafika ku Russia. Kuti chitsamba chosavutachi chizikhala mizu ndi kupereka zokolola zambiri, osati chisamaliro chabwino, komanso kubzala koyenera ndikofunikira. Pakati pa msewu, ndikofunikira kubzala chomera mu April (April). Koma kuyambika kwa nyundo, komwe kunapangidwa pakati pa Okutobala ndi malamulo onse, ndizothekanso.

Zabwino ndi zovuta zakudzala kwa yophukira

Kubzala ma plums nthawi yophukira kuli ndiubwino wake:

1. Ngati mbewuyo sipulumuka nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti mu nthawi ya masika imatha kusinthidwa ndi ina.
2. Kubwezeretsa chisanu sikungasokoneze nthawi yobzala - mtengo uli kale pansi.
3. Kudzutsa masamba kumafuna chinyezi ndi chakudya, ndipo dothi lokhathamiritsidwa pakadali pano lidzakupatsani chilichonse chomwe mukufuna.
4. Chiwonetserochi chimayamba kubala zipatso nthawi yayitali kuposa nthawi yobzala.
5. Mbeu yomwe yakumba mu kugwa siisamala ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu, chifukwa idachotsedwa m'nthaka itamaliza nthawi yomera.
6. Palibe chifukwa chosungira mtengowo kuti ubzale kasupe.
7. Mlingo wachiwiri wazakudya (popatsika yophukira ndi chisamaliro cha masika).

Pali zovuta:

1. Kutentha kokwanira kumafunikira nyengo yachisanu.
2. Maula ayenera kubzala kumapeto kwa nyengo yakula, koma osachepera masabata 3-4 isanayambike chisanu.
3. Kulephera kuyang'anira zochitika zonse za mmera.
4. Zima ndi kusiyana kwa kutentha ndizovuta kwambiri kupulumuka kwa mtengo wachichepere. Mitundu yambiri imafa nthawi yozizira.

Kunja kofikira

Kuti mmera uzika mizu komanso kuti zitheke bwino nyengo yachisanu, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo awa pokonzekera kubzala:

• Dzimbalo likuyenera kukumbidwa pasadakhale, milungu ingapo musanabzale.
• Kukula kwa dzenje ndi 70x70x70, ngati pali mizere ingapo kapena ingapo ya mbande, mtunda pakati pawo suyenera kupitirira 3 m.
• Pansi pa dzenje la kutunga madzi a kasupe amayikamo ngalande zochokera ku njerwa zosweka, miyala yoyala ndi mchenga, timiyala ting'onoting'ono tokhala ndi masentimita 10-20.
• Danga lotsatira ndi lamoyo. Itha kupsa manyowa kapena humus.
• Ikutsatiridwa ndi dothi wamba komanso lolimba ndi masentimita 3-5, kuti mizu yokhwima yomwe sinatenthedwe. Kutentha kwa organic wosanjikiza kudzakhala kokulirapo kuposa nthaka wamba, ndipo chakudya chokwanira cha m'dzinja chimayambitsa chiyambi cha kukula (kutupira ndi kuphukira kwa masamba) nthawi yozizira. Izi siziyenera kuloledwa. Zamoyo zimayikidwa kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mmera munthawi yotsatira, chifukwa mtengowu umadzakhala malo ano zaka zambiri.
• Malo onse obzala amasakanikirana pakati ndi phulusa la organic ndi nkhuni (0.5-1 l). Nthaka iyi imadzaza dzenje poika chomera.

Kusankha Mmera

Malangizo ochepa:

1. Mukamasankha mmera, ingoganizirani mitundu yosankhidwa.
2. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuganizira zomwe zimapangitsa kudzala chonde: kwa mitundu yambiri yambiri ya plums, kupukutira mungu kumafunikira, popanda icho zipatso sizimakhazikika. Mitundu yodziyimira yokha imabala zipatso bwino pakakhala malo okhala madamu.
3. Pokhala ndi gawo laling'ono lanyumba, ndibwino kuti mugule mitundu yamafuta (mpaka 2 m).

Tebulo la mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya m'chigawo cha Moscow komanso m'chigawo chapakati ndikuthandizira.

Kwa mitundu ya Yakhontovaya yokhala ndi chonde chochepa, opukutira abwino kwambiri adzakhala a Skorangelika ofiira kapena Pamyat Timiryazev.

Kubzala ma plamu ku Siberia ndikuwasamalira kwina kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga ku Russia konse. Ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yosiyanitsidwa yomwe imatha kumeretsa ndi kubereka zipatso mu nyengo yozizira kwambiri yaku Siberia. Ndipo chinanso ndikupanga chomera ndi chitsamba chotsika.

Malo

M'zaka zoyambirira, ntchito yayikulu ya mtengo wa maula ndikuwonjezera masamba, ndiye kuti kukula ndi kutalika.

Munthawi ya zipatso zambiri, maula adzabwera pambuyo pake. Koma kukula koyenera ndikuyika mbewu kumachitika kale posankha malo oti mubzale.

Chikhalidwe ichi chimawopa kukonzekera, kumazizira kuzizira kwa malo otsika, komwe kumanyowetsa mpweya. Sakonda kwenikweni mthunzi. Itha kutha kukhala ndi mchenga pang'ono, koma imabweretsa zokolola zabwino pamalo abwino.

Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa ntchito amalima ma plums omwe amatetezedwa ndi mipanda ndi nyumba, koma amaganizira zowunikira tsiku ndi tsiku.

Dothi

Maula amakonda nthaka yachonde yopanda gawo la acidity. Zilibe kanthu kuti dothi layamba kusuntha kapena loamy, vuto lalikulu ndilo chiphaso chokhazikitsidwa ndi mtengo wokhala ndi zokwanira zokwanira.

1. Dothi louma siloyenera maula. Ngakhale ndichilengedwe, chimakhala chinyezi, ndipo chikhalidwecho sichimalola izi. Komanso, m'nthaka yachilala, mizu ya mitengo singapeze madzi ndikufa osathirira nthawi zonse.
2. Maula sangamere bwino panthaka yac acid, chifukwa chake eni malowa mu dzenje lobzala amathandizanso. Limu wosenda, ufa wa dolomite komanso phulusa lamatanda wamba limagwira ntchito imeneyi.
   Chikhalidwe sichingafanane ndi mikhalidwe yoika madzi. Chinyezi chosasunthika chimapha.
3. Madambo ndi dothi lokhala ndi madzi oyenda pansi pamtunda sizofanana. Mwiniwake wa gawo lotsika atasankha kubzala mtengo, ndiye kuti ungangokolola pokhapokha patali, komwe kuli madzi osachepera 1.5 m.

Tsatane-tsatane malangizo

Malangizo mwatsatane ndi tsatane amomwe mungabzalire maula munyentchera:

1. Khomali lamatabwa limayendetsedwa pakatikati pa dzenje lokonzekera mwezi umodzi kapena theka, lomwe zaka zoyambirira za moyo limakhala chothandizira cha mbewu.
2. Mulu amapangidwa kuchokera m'nthaka yomwe inafukulidwa pomwe mmera udzaikidwapo.
3. Mizu imasanthulidwa mosamala: zowonongeka ndi zoyipa zimachotsedwa, zazitali kwambiri zimadulidwa, zouma - zimanyowa m'madzi. Osagwedezeka pansi pomwe mtengo udagulidwa.
4. Chomera chimayikidwa pakati pa dzenje lakufikira, molunjika pa mulu. Mizu imawongoka kuzungulira m'mphepete ndikugona pang'ono ndi nthaka. Khomali limakhala masentimita 5-7 kuchokera kumpoto. Nthaka siyenera kutseka khosi mizu, imakhala yokwanira masentimita 3-5.
5. Mizu ya mtengowo imapitilirabe kuphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi, lopakidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti ma voids apansi panja asakhale mu dzenje.
6. Kuphika kwa sapling ku msomali kumatheka kokha ndi chingwe kapena nsalu, koma osati ndi waya.
7. Gawo lotsiriza ndikuthirira kwambiri (mpaka zidebe ziwiri pa chomera chilichonse), zitatha - kumasula dothi ndikuyika dothi la pafupi-mitengo.

Chikhalidwe ichi ndi chosavuta kukula, ngakhale novice amatha kuthana nacho, chinthu chachikulu ndikubzala koyenera komanso chisamaliro chowonjezereka. Mwakutero, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, kudula mitengo ikuluikulu paminga, mapangidwe ndi kuwonda kwa korona, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ku matenda ndi tizirombo, kuchotsa mizu, kutsuka kwa thunthu ku mabowo achisanu.