Stromantha ndi mbewu yokongola yosatha yomwe idabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumadela a South America. Imamera pamiyala yotsika yamitengo kutentha kwambiri, kuwala ndi chinyezi chochuluka. Kutalika kumafika masentimita 150, ndipo kutalika kwa masamba ndi masentimita 50. Duwa ili ndi la banja la arrowroots, ndipo achibale apafupi kwambiri ndiwo mbewu: arrowroot, calathea, ndi ktenant. Chifukwa cha mitundu yofanana, stromant nthawi zambiri imasokonezeka ndi calathea. Nthawi zina sangathe kusiyanitsidwa ngakhale ndi akatswiri odziwa ntchito.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Mtengowo uli ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, okongola, chifukwa cha masamba ake okongola, opindika komanso osazolowereka pa petioles apamwamba. Pamwamba ali utoto wakuda ndi mikwaso ya kirimu, pinki ndi yoyera. Mbali inayo ndi petioles - wofiirira, violet, burgundy ndi kamvekedwe ka rasipiberi. Masamba okongola bwino nthawi zonse amapeza gwero la kuwala.
Chifukwa chakuti usiku masamba amatuluka ndikugwirana wina ndi mnzake, "kukonzekera kugona," kumakhala kaphokoso. Chifukwa cha nyumbayi, stromante adamupatsa dzina lina, "Amayi a Pemphero" kapena "Pemphelo Lopemphera".
Mwachilengedwe, nthawi yotentha, mbewuyo imaponyera padunchi yayitali ndi maluwa oyera ndi achikaso, mabatani ofiira amakhala nawo. Chomera chamkati chimachita maluwa nthawi zambiri.
Mitundu yazovala zam'nyumba
Pazonse, pali mitundu ya mitundu 10 mpaka 13 ya mbewu. Nthawi zambiri, stromant amakula osangalatsa komanso ofiira magazi.
| Mitundu | Kufotokozera |
| Zosangalatsa | Kutalika kuli pafupifupi masentimita 30 mpaka 35, kutalika kwa masamba ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 20, m'lifupi ndi pafupifupi masentimita 4-6. Pepala lamasamba limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Masamba pamwamba amapaka utoto wonyezimira wokhala ndi mikwaso yakuda kwambiri ngati mawonekedwe a hering'i ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe owuma, utoto wa maolivi wophatikiza ndi utoto wofiirira ukuwoneka pansipa. Mbali yosiyana ya pepalali ndi yobiriwira siliva. Maluwa ndi osakhazikika. Limamasula masika. |
| Magazi ofiira | Kutalika kwake, pafupifupi masentimita 40-50, kutalika kwa pepalali kumadalira mikhalidwe ya chipinda ndipo ndi pafupifupi 20-40 sentimita, m'lifupi - mpaka 10 sentimita. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yakale, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Mtundu wa herringb ndi wakuda pang'ono kuposa mawonekedwe oyambira a pepalalo. Mbali yakumwambayo mutha kuwona patepi yofanana ndi chilembo V. Mbali yakumbuyo idapakidwa utoto ndi utoto. Kukula kwa khutu ndi khutu. Maluwa sawoneka bwino. |
| Wachikasu | Amakula mpaka mamita awiri. Potere, masamba amafika 35 cm zokha, masamba ambiri kumtunda amawonekera. Maluwa ndi achikasu owoneka bwino, nthawi yozizira. |
Oberetsa adabzala mitundu yambiri yazokongoletsera kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ofiira amwazi, omwe ndiodziwika bwino kwambiri pakati pawo:
| Zosiyanasiyana | Kufotokozera |
| Tricolor | Ili ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri. Tsamba lobiriwira lakuda ndi lopakidwa ndi mikwingwirima ndi mawanga a azitona, beige, wobiriwira wopepuka, oyera ndi apinki. Pansi pamthunzi wa maroon. |
| Multicolor | Pa kamvekedwe kakang'ono ka pepala pamwamba pa pepalalo, mawonedwe abwinobwino ndi mikwingwirima yofewa ya pastel kuchokera ku kirimu mpaka loyera amawoneka. Mbali yolakwika ya burgundy mtundu wofiira. |
| Horticolor | Mtambo wonyezimira wachikasu, emarodi ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira amakhala kumtunda kwa tsamba. Gawo lake lakumbuyo ndi lofiira. |
| Maroon | Pakatikati pake pamakhala zobiriwira zopepuka, zowonekera bwino papulogalamu. Gawo lake lam'munsi ndi burgundy. |
| Nyenyezi yamwala | Mitsempha yake imasokoneza zoyera pamtambo wobiriwira. |
Kusamalira Panyumba
Stromantha ndi chomera chovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina nkovuta kupereka duwa panyumba yabwino. Komabe, ngati mukudziwa malamulo ena a nyengo iliyonse, ndiye kuti ndizotheka. Pansipa pali tebulo la maluwa osamalira nyengo iliyonse.
| Parameti | Chilimwe cha masika | Kugwa nthawi yachisanu |
| Kuthirira | Kuthirira kwambiri kuti chinyontho chizikhala. | Kutsirira pang'ono. |
| Kutentha | + 22- + 27 digiri Celsius. | + 18- + 20 digiri Celsius. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kawiri pamwezi. | Zosafunika |
| Kudulira | Kuchotsa masamba akufa. | Zosafunika. |
Kutchera ndi kufalikira
- Ndikofunika kupangira chomera chaching'ono mpaka zaka 4 chaka chilichonse ndikuchotsa kachulukidwe ka masentimita awiri, ndikuwonjezera watsopano. Muyenera kusankha kukula kwa chidebe, popeza mizu ya mbewu imapangidwa bwino. Poika mbewu, mizu imafunika kuwongoledwa. Ikani dothi lonyowa ndikumakanikizira pang'ono.
- Zomera zakale zimasinthidwa patatha zaka zitatu, ngati mizu idatuluka ndikuchokera mumtsuko ndipo mphika unapanikizika kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, monga momwe zinalili kale, malo apamwamba amachotsedwa ndikudzazidwa ndi zatsopano.
Malangizo pang'onopang'ono
- Pansi pa mphikawo muyenera kumata ndi dongo lokulitsa pafupifupi gawo limodzi / imodzi. Izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi ochulukirapo atuluka.
- Kenako thirani mchenga wowuma. Idzitchinjiriza kudula kwa dothi ndikudzaza malo aulere mchidebe.
- Chotsatira, ndikofunikira kuthira gawo lapansi pakathiridwe kake, kuti pakati pa madziwo ndi mizu ya mbewuyo pakhale masentimita 2-3, kenako pang'ono pang'ono.
- Chotsani chomera mosamala mumphika wakale pogunda makoma, musanachite izi, nyowetsani nthaka bwino. Dulani mizu yakufa, ndikutsuka otsala bwino.
- Kenako, ndikuzika mizu yowongoka, ikani maluwa panthaka yothira ndiye kuti mudzaza osamala. Madzi dziko lapansi. Ngati gawo lapansi lili bulu muyenera kuthira gawo lina.
Kusankha kwa mphika
Lamulo lalikulu posankha ndi m'mimba mwake. Muyenera kugula mphika wambiri ndi masentimita 2-3, popeza mizu yamimba imamera mwachangu kwambiri, ndikudzaza iwo okha malo onse.
Komanso lingalirani zakuya ndi kupingasa kwa chidebe. Sayenera kukhala yakuzama kwambiri, koma yokulirapo kuti mbewuyo imva bwino.
Malo, kuyatsa
Ndikofunikira kuyika chomera pamawindo akummawa kapena kumadzulo. Mwina malowa kum'mwera, koma mutasunthika kuchokera ku dzuwa, ndi kumpoto - pamaso pa kuwunikira.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Kuthirira maluwa ndikofunikira kuchuluka, makamaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe, pamene nthawi yowonjezereka yobiriwira yambiri ikudutsa. Ozizira nyengo - kudula pakati, monga muzu zowola zimatha kuchitika chifukwa kutentha pang'ono ndi chinyezi chambiri. Ndikofunikira kuthirira mbewu ndi madzi osakhazikika firiji.
Chofunikira ndi kupopera mbewu maluwa maluwa mu nthawi yotentha, kuyenera kuchitika madzulo kapena m'mawa.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Novembala, ndikofunikira kudyetsa stromantum ndi feteleza wophatikiza wa michere yokongoletsera ndipo izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse la 12-14, kuchepetsa mankhwalawa nthawi ziwiri. Zitsanzo za feteleza wotereyu ndi mtundu wa Etiss, BonaForte. Kuphatikiza apo, stromant imatha kudyetsedwa ndi organic, mwachitsanzo, humate. Zingakhale zomveka kugula feteleza makamaka kwa banja ili, koma sizipezeka nthawi zonse m'sitolo.
Kuswana
M'nyumba, stromant ndi yosavuta kubereka. Itha kufalikira ndi rhizome kapena kudula.
Kubalana kwa Rhizome
- Chotsani duwa bwino bwino mumphika ndikuchotsa dothi lokwanira, nadzatsuka mizu bwino.
- Gawani maluwa m'magawo awiri kapena atatu, ndikawaza malo omwe adadulira ndi makala. Bzalani mbali muzotengera zing'onozing'ono ndi dothi lonyowa pang'ono.
- Lolani mbewuyo kuzolowera nyengo zatsopano. Popita nthawi, kuphimba tchire ndi chipewa cha pulasitiki ndikuchotsa patatha masiku 7 kuti mupeze wowonjezera kutentha.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
- Dulani zodulidwa mosamala kuposa chomata cha masamba, ndikusiya masamba atatu kapena awiri pachilichonse.
- Ayikeni m'madzi ndikuphimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki lokhazikika.
- Pakatha masiku 30, mizu ikawoneka, zibzalani m'nthaka kuchokera kumchenga wopera komanso wopanda mchere.
- Pakatha masiku 50-60, dzalani mumiphika wamba wa mbeu.
Kulakwitsa posamalira ndi kuchotsedwa kwawo
| Zizindikiro zakunja | Zotheka | Chithandizo ndi kupewa |
| Masamba auma komanso mtundu wotayika. | Dzuwa lowonjezera. | Sunthani duwa kumalo owunikiridwa kwambiri komwe kulibe dzuwa. Kapena mitsani chipindacho. |
| Malangizo a masamba awuma. | Mpweya wouma. |
|
| Spider mite. | ||
| Masamba opindika ndi kugwa. | Maluwa olakwika kuthirira. | Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa. |
| Kukungika zimayambira ndi masamba akugwa. | Kuzizira kwa chipinda. | Mlengalenga muyenera kutentha kwa 2525 madigiri. |
| Zithunzi zoyambira mozungulira m'mbali. | Kudyetsa kosayenera | Samalani malamulo a kudya. |
Tizilombo ndi matenda
| Tizilombo | Zosiyanitsa | Kuthetsa mavuto |
| Spider mite | Malangizo a masamba owuma ndi azipindika. Mtundu wa duwa umazirala. Mitundu ya petioles ndi mgwirizano ndi pepala ndizokulungidwa ndi ulusi wowonekera. | Thirirani chomera ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet masiku onse 12-15 kwa mphindi 2-3. Zitatha izi, ndikofunikira kuthira masamba ndi sopo wothira sopo kwa mphindi 30 ndikutsuka bwino. Pambuyo pa maola atatu, fafaniza maluwa ndi acaricide (Vermitek, Nisoran, Oberon) ndikuphimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki. |
| Chotchinga | Ziphuphu zokhala ndi utoto wamtundu wakuda zimawoneka patsinde pa pepalalo. Madera ozungulira amasanduka achikasu, ndipo pambuyo pake amasandulika oyera. | Choyamba, azichitira masamba ndi thonje kapena thonje lomwe litanyowa mu njira ya mowa, ngakhale kukonzekera kusamba + 45- + 50 digiri Celsius. Patulani maluwa ndi nthaka ndi mankhwala atizilombo (Mospilan, Metaphos) ndikutseka ndi paketi wamba kwa masiku awiri. Pambuyo pokonza, musatulutse maluwa poyera, monga momwe kuwala kwadzuwa kungawonongere. |
| Whitefly | Mphutsi za anthu amatha kutunga madzi kuchokera masamba. Kenako amataya mawonekedwe awo ndikugwa. Zomera zimasiya kukula. | Malangizo a zitsamba zonunkhira kwambiri, adyo ndi anyezi angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Tepi yomatira ya ntchentche imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Mwa njira za nkhondo, njira monga Commander, Tanrek, Admiral zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi njira yothetsera, inunulirani dothi lokha komanso masabata atatu kapena atatu, kapena duwa lililonse masiku 7 kwa mwezi umodzi. |
| Zopatsa | Anthuwa amakhala pansi pa tsambalo, ndikutulutsa timadzi tokhathamira ndikuyamwa madziwo. Mbali yakumtunda imakutidwa ndi beige ndi siliva tint. | Kuchokera pa njira za wowerengeka, kulowetsedwa kwa nsonga za mbatata ndi tchipisi cha fodya titha kutchulidwapo monga zitsanzo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tizirombo (Dantol, BI-58, Mospilan), kuchapa chomera mu shawa, kukonza ndi kuphimba ndi thumba. |
Bwana wokhala chilimwe akudziwitsa: Stromantha - mgwirizano mu banja, chidaliro pantchito
Duwa ili ndi katundu wodabwitsa. Kupezeka kwake mnyumba kumakhazikitsa ubale wapakati pa dziko lanyama ndi zauzimu la munthu.
Chomerachi chithandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugona komanso kugona. Monga mukudziwira, anthu otere nthawi zambiri samapeza malo awo ndikuyesera kuchita kanthu mpaka atagona.
Kwa anthu okangana komanso opusa, palinso yankho. Stromantha idzabweretsa mtendere ndi bata kunyumba ndipo munthu athe kudziwulula kuchokera ku mawonekedwe atsopano.
