Kusamalira bwino kumatha kudzetsa matenda ndi kufa kwa gooseberries, mawonekedwe a tizirombo. Kuti izi zisachitike, kudulira kumachitika. Izi ndizofunikira pakukula kwabwino kwa mbewu ndi moyo. Muyenera kuyang'ananso chitsamba cha:
- kukonzanso;
- kuchuluka kwa mbewu;
- chisoti chachifumu.
Mukufunika chepetsa
Gooseberries ali ndi zaka 8 amaonedwa kuti ndi achikulire. Kukula kwina, kumapangidwanso pakudula njira zakale. Mphamvu kuchokera ku mizu imalowa m'minda yomwe imapanga nthambi zatsopano.
Zomera zimakhala ndi korona wobiriwira, yemwe amasokoneza mungu wamavuto, ovary zipatso. Kudula kumathandizanso kupukutira kosavuta kwa inflorescence, chifukwa chomwe chitsamba chimapereka bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ambiri a jamu ndi kuchuluka kwake. Kudulira kumathandiza kuti tchire lizituluka komanso kulandira dzuwa lokwanira.
Zida
Mufunika:
- Ma secateurs (oyenera nthambi zoonda zomwe zili pansi).
- Lopper (yodula nthambi zamphamvu ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 5 cm yomwe ili mkati mwa chitsamba).
- Magolovu a thonje (perekani chitetezo ku spikes, mabala ndi chida).
Zida ziyenera kukhala:
- apamwamba kwambiri komanso okhazikika (kupewa kuwonongeka pakugwira ntchito);
- lakuthwa bwino (lakuthwa kopanda chilema);
- kuwala (kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito);
- chogwirira bwino (chokhala ndi zoikika mwapadera kuti musatsetsere m'manja).
Kodi ndibwino kubzala liti?
Kudulira kwa jamu kumachitika mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe (mutakolola mu Ogasiti), komanso nthawi yophukira. Kusunga nthawi kumatengera cholinga.
Chapakatikati, nthambi zakale zimachotsedwa (ndizosavuta kuzizindikira: zouma, zakuda, zodwala). Ngati gooseberries ali ndi chaka chimodzi, ndiye kuti mphukira zofooka zimachotsedwa wachiwiri, zikamera zolimba 3-4 zimatsalira. Momwemonso masika aliwonse. Pambuyo pazaka 5, chitsamba chimayenera kukhala ndi mphukira zolimba pafupifupi 25, kuti kukula kwa nthambi zammbali.
M'chilimwe mutakolola, ma jamu amayenera kudulidwa kuti azitha kubereka zipatso bwino chaka chamawa. Chifukwa cha izi, chomeracho chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pakukula kwa zipatso. Dulani zero mphukira, pomwe chomeracho chimawononga mphamvu.
Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri yokonzekera gooseberries kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala, kuyambira Novembara. Kuyandikira kuzirala, ndibwino. Ndikofunikira kuti nthambi zammbali zisayambe kukula, zomwe ndizotheka kutentha kambiri. Pachitsamba chathanzi, nthambi zodwala ndi zofowoka zimachotsedwa, zomwe zimakula kwambiri kuthengo. Mphukira za Zero zimadulidwa mpaka 1/4 kutalika.
Zolemba Zofunikira:
- kuyatsa kwabwino;
- Kuchotsa owonjezera njira kudya michere;
- kudula kwa achinyamata osankhidwa omwe sadzapulumuka nthawi yozizira.
Mitundu Yokopa
Kudulira nthawi zonse kumakhudza thanzi la chitsamba ndi zipatso zake zamtsogolo.
| Mitundu | Zifukwa |
| Kukonzekera kukhazikika. | Kukonzekera chitsamba kuti kuzike mizu. |
| Kapangidwe ka korona. | Maonekedwe owoneka bwino. |
| Kukonzanso. | Zimathandizira kukula kwa nthambi zatsopano. |
| Tchire laukhondo. | Kuchotsa nthambi zodwala, zosweka zomwe zimalepheretsa ana kukula bwino. |
Musanabzale gooseberries, nthambi zosweka ndi zowuma zimadulidwa. Otsalawo amafupikitsidwa kuti impso 4 zikhale. Ngati njirazo zayamba kufooka, zimatsitsidwa kukhala 2. Ofooka ndipo nthambi zowonda zimayenera kudulidwatu.
Pambuyo mizu pitilirani ku kapangidwe ka korona. Ngati chithandizo choyambirira chidayenda bwino, ndiye kuti kwa zaka 2 padzakhala mphukira zambiri zolimba. Kudulira moyenera ma jamu m'chaka choyamba kumatanthauza kuwapatsa kukula kwabwino komanso kukolola m'tsogolo.
Korona amapangidwa motere:
| Chaka | Kufunika kofunikira |
| Chaka chachiwiri | Nthambi zimadulidwa pakati. Nyengo yachisanu isanayambe, okhawo amadula 1/3 ya kutalika. Njira zoyambira zimachotsedwa. |
| Chaka chachitatu | Chitsamba chili ndi mawonekedwe ena ake. Nthambi zosafunikira mpaka 10 cm zokha zomwe zimadulidwa. |
| Chaka cha 4 | Nthambi zomwe zidadulidwa chaka chatha zimadulidwanso 5 cm kuchokera pamwamba. Izi ndizofunikira kuthekera kwa mabulosi abwino, komanso kumatulira pang'ono m'mbali mwake. |
| Zaka 5 ndi zotsatirazi. | Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana njira zam'tsogolo ndikuchepetsa panthawi yake. |
Gooseberries amabala zipatso kwa zaka 8. Pambuyo pake, akhoza kusiya kubzala. Kutalikitsa moyo, kubwezeretsa chitsamba kumachitika. Poterepa, kuchepetsedwa kwa nthambi kuyenera kukhala kopanda mphamvu. Muyenera kuchita izi chaka chilichonse. Njira zatsopano zomwe zidaphukira pansi zimafupikitsidwa ndi kotala.
Njira ina yobwezeretsanso: mphukira zonse zimadulidwa, kutalika kwake pambuyo poti kudula sikuyenera kupitirira masentimita 15. Ngati chitsamba chiri ndi zaka zopitilira 20, palibe chifukwa chobwezeretsanso.
Chiwembu:
- Nthambi zazikulu ndi zam'mbali zimadulidwa pang'ono.
- Nthambi zopanda zipatso zimatsukidwa kwathunthu.
- Kukula pa nthambi yakale sikuchotsedwa.
- M'chilimwe, kudulira kumachitika kuti kuyeretsa kufa ndikufewe. Mutha kuchita kudina (kuchotsedwa kwa nsonga za mphukira zazing'ono mchomera).
Chitsamba chokulirapo chomwe chimakulirakulira chimatha kukonzedwanso ngati chitsamba sichakale. Powdery mildew nthawi zambiri imapangitsa masamba kugwa, ndipo mphutsi za agulugufe (omwe ali pa masamba), popanda kuyambitsa zolakwika, zimafooketsa ntchito zofunikira za mbewu. Mankhwala, nthambi zachikale, zodwala komanso zopunduka zimadulidwa mosamala. Amayeretsa bwino pachitsamba, kusiya masamba 5-6 okha, chifukwa cha njira zatsopano. Gooseberry amabwezeretsedwa mkati mwa zaka 3. Pakadali pano, kudulira kumachitika molingana ndi chiwembu, osayiwala za mapangidwe korona.
