Kolumney: Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chanyumba

Columnae ndi mbewu yosatha ya epiphyte yokhala ndi mitundu yowala. Kwawo - malo otentha kumwera kwa America. M'malo wamba, mzati umamera pamtengo mitengo yowola, pamiyala yamiyala, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati thandizo, ndikupanga inflorescence zokongola. Zimayambira ndi zotanuka, yowutsa mudyo, mpaka 1-2 mita. Masamba amakonzedwa pang'ono, amawoneka ngati chowongoka kapena mtima, nthawi zina. Maluwa amabwera mitundu yosiyanasiyana, amafanana ndi nsomba kapena agulugufe.

Mnyumba, imagwira ntchito maphika amaluwa, mapoto atapachikidwa.

Mitundu

Mwachilengedwe, duwa ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 200. Ochepa okha ndi omwe ali oyenera kumanga nyumba:

• Allen - ili ndi mphukira zazitali zopyapyala zomwe zimafikira mita 7. Maluwa ofala amawoneka bwino kwambiri.
• Banks ndi mpesa wawung'ono wopachikidwa wokhala ndi masamba pang'ono obiriwira obiriwira ndi maluwa achikasu-lalanje masentimita asanu ndi limodzi.
• Carnival - mpesa wokutidwa ndi masamba okongola achikasu okhala ndi malire ofiira, wokumbukira za carnival, ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira. Izi zimangokhala pachimake pafupifupi chaka chonse.
• Krakatau - wotchedwa phiri laphiri, chifukwa maluwa ake amtambo wamoto waphulika kuchokera masamba ofiira obiriwira.
• Magazi ofiira - mtundu wa theka-shrub wokhala ndi mphukira wautali wonyezimira ndi masamba osalala a mawonekedwe osalala. Zimasiyanasiyana ndi kukhalapo kwa malo ofiira kumbuyo kwa pepalalo. Limamasamba kwa nthawi yayitali komanso masamba ofiira ofiira.
• Lakuthwa - lingaliro lamaluwa odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa, mphukira wakudzu kapena bodza, masamba ndi ang'ono, owala. Mtunduwu ndi wofiirira komanso wamtambo wachikaso m'munsi.
• Zabwino - zimayambira zimatsitsidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira ndi maluwa ofiira otuwa.
• Shida kapena Sheydiana - mtengo wamphesa amatha kutalika ndi 1.5 metres, pamitengo ndikusiya mulu wofiyira wautunduwu. Kudutsa utoto wathu, m'makoma a masamba, pali maluwa ambiri achikaso okhala ndi mawanga ofiira.

Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa mitundu ina yamakola.

Kusamalira Panyumba

Duwa lokhala ndi nyumba zopangika ndi za masamba ndi kopanda tanthauzo, kukula sikovuta, malinga ndi malamulo angapo:

• Sankhani malo mosamala, sungani kutentha pang'ono, chinyezi ndi kuyatsa, kutengera nyengo;
• Sankhani molondola kapangidwe ka dothi, mphika;
• Manyowa;
• Yang'anani kayendedwe ka kuthirira;
• Chepetsa chitsamba mu nthawi.

Malo m'nyumba, kuyatsa, kutentha, chinyezi

Nthaka, kubzala mphamvu

Dothi la chomera lifunika kupatsa thanzi. Kapangidwe kake:

• tsamba humus - magawo awiri;
• turf kumtunda - magawo anayi;
• kompositi - gawo limodzi (peat ndi vermiculite itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati friability);
• utuchi waung'ono (makala), sphagnum moss - gawo limodzi.

Magawo omwe adapangidwa kale angagwiritsidwenso ntchito: nthaka ya senpolia (epiphytes), nthaka yophukira.

Kukula kwake ndikosafunikira, koma chachikulu, ndi kukhathamiritsa bwino madzi. Mwachitsanzo, mtanga wopendekera kapena wobzala.

Feteleza

Kudyetsa nkofunika kwambiri:

• Mu nthawi yachilimwe-chilimwe - masabata awiri aliwonse ndi feteleza wophatikiza ndi maluwa oyambira maluwa mkati, ophatikizidwa ndi madzi;
• M'dzinja / nthawi yozizira - kamodzi pamwezi ndikokwanira;
• Kumapeto kwa dzinja - kamodzi pa sabata.

Zabwino kugwiritsa ntchito: Kemira Suite, feteleza wa Bui, AVA, Fertika Suite.

Wonongerani feteleza potenga theka la mankhwalawa poyerekeza ndi malangizo.

Kuthirira

Madzi omwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito osasefedwa, monga momwe mandimu mukuyenderera akuwonongera kolamu. Kutentha + 20- + 25ºС.

Kutsirira ndikochuluka, koma madzi sayenera kuloledwa kuyima m'nthaka. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kumasula dothi ndikuwumauma.

Kutsirira pafupipafupi: yophukira / chisanu - mosamala; chilimwe / kasupe - pafupipafupi.

Kudulira

Zomera zopangitsanso, kudulira pachaka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, patatha nthawi ya maluwa. Zikabudula zimadula pakati kutalika kwake (mutha kuchepera pang'ono). Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuchotsa chomera cha zouma (maluwa, masamba, mphukira).

Thirani

Titagula duwa, masabata awiri kapena atatu mutatha kuzisintha, ziyenera kuziika mu dothi laz michere. Kuti muchite izi:

1. Tengani mphikawo masentimita 2-3 kwambiri, ikani dongo kapena miyala yaying'ono kuti ikaze pansi;
2. Dziko lapansi latsanulidwa kuchokera m'mphepete mwa sentimita imodzi kapena awiri;
3. Mipesa imadulidwa mpaka kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 15, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono (mphukira zodulidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa zinthu);
4. Duwa limamasulidwa kuchokera pansi, mizu imatsukidwa ndi mtsinje wamadzi kutentha kwa firiji;
5. Mizu imayang'ana, kuchotsa yopanda pake. Zilonda zopaka ndi zinthu zobiriwira;
6. Ma timiyala timapangidwa kumapeto kwa chidebe, ndikutambasula njira za mipesa kudzera mwa iwo, ndipo amaphimbidwa ndi dothi. Mu mphika umodzi ndibwino kubzala mbande ziwiri kapena zitatu pakukongola kwa chitsamba;
7. Madzi.

Kuswana

Chiwindi chakunja chitha kufalitsidwa m'njira ziwiri:

• kudula;
• mbewu.

Kudula

Njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta. Mukadulira, masamba omwe amaphukira ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu a masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa. Zodulidwa zimakhazikika m'madzi kapena peat wathanzi. Mbande zimasungidwa pamalo otentha, otentha. Madzi tsiku lililonse popanda kuthirira madzi. Kuti tisunge chinyontho ndi kutentha, ndibwino kuzisunga pansi pa kapu yagalasi. Ngati masamba atsopano akuwoneka, mbewuyo yazika mizu, mutha kubzala mumphika wamphaka.

Kubzala mbewu

Njira yovuta, siyabwino kwenikweni. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi obereketsa ozolowera. Mbewu zimabzalidwa mu dothi lamchenga-peaty, wokutidwa ndi kapu kapena malo okhala, amaikidwa m'chipinda chofunda ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi chokwanira, mpweya wabwino ndi madzi. Pakatha sabata kapena atatu, mphukira zikawoneka, zotengera zimayikidwa mu kuwala, koma zimatetezedwa ku dzuwa lowonekera. Masamba angapo akamakula, muyenera kudulira mbewuzo m'miphika yaying'ono.

Matenda, tizirombo

Ndi madzi osasunthika pamizu, mphukira, zowola imvi zitha kuwoneka. Ndichofunika mwachangu kuchotsa madwala omwe ali ndi matendawa, gwiritsani ntchito zigawozo ndi fungicide ndikusintha chomera. Ngati matendawa ayamba, mphukira wathanzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodulidwa.

Tizilombo ta khosi titha kukhala nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kupindika, nthata za akangaude. Kuti awachotse, duwa limapakidwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Zolakwika ndi kukonza kwawo