Mtengo wa botolo la bonsai kapena brachychiton

Brachychiton ndi chomera cha gulu la Dicotyledons, banja la a Malvaceae, mtundu womwewo umakhala ndi oimira oposa 30. Dzinali limachokera ku Greek "brachis" ndi "chiton", lomwe limatanthawuza "chiton lalifupi". Izi zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kapangidwe ka chigamba cha njere, zomwe zimawoneka kwambiri ngati mkanjo wamfupi wachi Greek. Amakula makamaka ku Australia ndi New Guinea.

Mtundu wa brachychiton uli ndi oimira ambiri, kuyambira ku zitsamba mpaka kumapeto ndi mitengo yamphamvu. Kutengera mitundu, mbewu zimasiyana pamitundu yonse komanso masamba ndi maluwa. Masamba amatha kukhala obiriwira kapena kusinthanso masamba, kukhala otakataka kapena otsika. Mtundu wa inflorescences ndi monophonic kapena wokhala ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono, utoto womwewo umasiyana kuchokera pachikaso mpaka utoto, ngakhale mitundu yamoto imapezeka.

Thunthu silikhala losasinthika - lomwe limatsogola, lomwe limakhala ngati botolo, chifukwa chake brachychiton nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "mtengo wa botolo". Thunthu lake limakhala ndi madzi ndi mchere wambiri womwe umathandizira kukhalanso kumalo otentha. Imakutidwa ndi khungwa loonda (nthawi zina kubiriwira), lotha kubwezeretsanso photosynthesis. Izi zimathandiza chomera kuthawa munyengo yamvula.

Mitundu

Zosiyanasiyana za brachychiton, wotchuka kwambiri pakuswana kwanyumba:

Maple Leaf (acerifolius)

Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri kuthengo komanso ngati chomera. Wobiriwira bwino umasiyira masentimita 8 mpaka 20 kukhala korona wowoneka bwino wozungulira. Maluwa amapezeka kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kenako mtengo umakutidwa ndi maluwa ofiira ofanana ndi mabelu. Chombocho chilibe tirigu. Brachychiton acerifolius

Mwala (rupestris)

Ili ndi mbiya yopanda botolo yokhala ndi brachychiton, voliyumu yomwe imafika pamlingo wapamwamba pafupi ndi pansi ndikujambula kumtunda. Mu chilengedwe, kutalika kwa mtengowu kumatha kufika 20m, ndipo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Bonsai ndi ochepa kwambiri. Kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa nthawi yophukira, nthambi zimakutidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikasu amkaka, omwe amasinthidwa ndi masamba a masika 3-7 mpaka 10 cm. Brachychiton rupestris

Mitundu yambiri (discolor)

Mitundu iyi imakhala ndi maluwa okongola a pinki akuluakulu, chifukwa chake mbewuyo imatchedwa mtengo wa chisangalalo. Zipatso ndi zofiirira, zikulendewera kunthambi. Makungwa adamangiriridwa. Masamba 3-4 ndi lolem, zazikulu ndi zazikulu, zobiriwira zakuda pamtunda, ndi siliva pansi. Brachychiton populneus - kumanzere, Brachychiton discolor - kumanja

Poplar kapena tsamba (populneus)

Mitunduyo ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa masamba panthambi. Amasonkhana chisoti chakuthwa. Nthawi yamaluwa imagwera nthawi yotentha. Dzinalo limadziwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a masamba, omwe amafanana ndi popula. Zosiyanitsa ndizo kuthekera kokukula panthaka yadzala ndi laimu komanso kukana kutentha komwe sikunakhalepo. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri mtengo umadzalidwa kuti utetezedwe ku nyengo.

Kodi kukula bonsai?

Kulima kwa Brachychitone nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa kwa oyambira zaluso okonda Bonsai. Nthambi zake zimasunthika kwambiri ndipo zimatha kutenga mawonekedwe omwe angafune. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengowo umakhala wosasamala posamalira. M'masitolo nthawi zambiri amaikamo ngati "mtengo wamabotolo waku Australia", itha kubzalira nthangala kapena kubzala mbande zokhwima kale Lachiwiri nthawi zina limapezeka mbande zingapo mumphika umodzi, ngati ungafune, utha kuziika.

Anthu odziwa bwino ku Bonsai amalangizidwa kuti asankhe gawo limodzi lokhala ndi mchere wambiri wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino ngati dothi. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kusankha kuchuluka kwa perlite ndi peat (1: 3).

Feteleza, kuvala zovala zapamwamba nthawi zonse ndi kuziwongola zimathandizira kukula msanga. Pansi pa mphika pamafunika kuyala ngalande. Mtengowu siwamtengo, chifukwa chake umatha kumera mosavuta kapena kusefukira.

Kukula ndi kusamalira pakhomo

Brachychiton nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokongoletsera kunyumba. Samachita zinthu mwachisamaliro ndipo samafunikira luso lapaderadera. Koma ngakhale izi, chisamaliro cha kunyumba chili ndi malamulo ena:

• Kutentha kwambiri ndiye + 24 ... +28 degrees. M'nyengo yozizira, imatha kupirira mpaka +10;
• Kuwonetsedwa ndi dzuwa kumatheka pokhapokha ndikutulutsa mpweya watsopano, kumbuyo kwawindo lotsekedwa, chomera chiwonongeka ndikuwotcha kwambiri;
• M'nyengo yozizira, mphika umasinthidwa kupita kumalo abwino kuti masamba asatambasule kwambiri;
• Ngati dothi silikwaniritsidwa bwino, mizu yake imawola;
• Nyengo yamvula ikhoza kukhala limodzi ndi kugwa kwamasamba.

Mphika, dothi

Ndikwabwino kubzala brachychiton mumphika wouma. Ndizowonjezera kuchirikiza kulemera kwa kope lakuchepera la chimphona waku Australia. Chotengera cha pulasitiki chidzagwera mtengo.

Zomwe nthaka ikupangira ziyenera kupatsa mbewuzo ndi zinthu zonse zofunika pakukula kwake. Olima odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzedwa bwino kuti adziperekenso. M'malo mwake mungakhale chisakanizo cha peat, mchenga ndi dothi lamasamba. Iyenera kukhala ndi kupuma komanso kuthira bwino, apo ayi mizu imayamba kuvunda mwachangu.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kuvala kwapamwamba nthawi zambiri kumachitika nthawi yotentha: kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Ma feteleza ochulukirapo amapereka dothi kamodzi pa masabata awiri ndi atatu. Izi zithandiza kuti mtengowo upulumuke nyengo yamvula.

Kuthirira mbewu mochuluka kwambiri kuyenera kukhala pamoto, kuthirira kwina kumabwerezedwanso pomwe nthaka yake yapamwamba yauma. Munthawi yozizira, brachychitone amatha kuchita popanda chinyezi mpaka milungu iwiri, pogwiritsa ntchito thunthu.

Thirani, kudulira

Kuchulukitsa nthawi zambiri kumachitika monga kumafunikira nthawi 1 m'mazaka 2-3. Mbewuyo imachotsedwa mosamala mumphika, mizu yake simayeretsedwa dothi, mutatha kuibzala mu chidebe china. Mtengowo umasuntha modekha izi, koma suyenera kuzunzidwa.

Kudulira koyenera masamba ndi nthambi kumathandizira kuti pakhale korona wakuda ndi wowala. Okonda Bonsai mwanjira imeneyi amatha kuwongolera mawonekedwe ake, kwinaku akumalimbikitsa kukula kwachomera.

Kuswana

Kufalikira kwa brachychiton kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mbewu kapena mbeu. Kubzala mbewu kapena kudula kuchokera kumtunda kumachitika mu peat yapadera kapena kusakaniza kwa mchenga. Pobisalira iyenera kukhala yothira bwino ndi kutentha + madigiri 24-27. Kutsatira izi kumatithandizira kukulitsa msanga mizu ya mmera. Malo oterowo amatha kulinganiza pogwiritsa ntchito thumba la pulasitiki.

Matenda, tizirombo

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri ta brachychitone ndi kangaude, scutellum ndi whitefly. Ngati mbewuyo idayamba kale kuukira, kuthirira kwambiri ndi madzi +45 madigiri kungathandize kuthana nawo. Koma muyenera kusamala kuti musavulaze mtengowo. Imathandizira komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito tizirombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe angagulidwe ku malo ogulitsira.

Ndi kuwala kosakwanira kapena kowopsa kwambiri, mtengo wa botolo ungathe kupatsira matendawa, ndipo kuthirira kwambiri kumapangitsa kuwonongeka. Kuti mupewe izi, mikhalidwe yoyenera kutsekedwa iyenera kuonedwa.

Gwiritsani ntchito kunyumba, pindulani ndi kuvulaza

Popeza kudera louma la Australia ndiye malo obalirako brachychiton, anthu akumderali apeza njira yopindulira. Chifukwa chakuti chomera chimasonkhanitsa madzi ambiri mumtengo wake, chimapulumutsa anthu ku ludzu. Sikovuta kupeza madziwo, osapweteketsa, chifukwa khungwa ndi loonda. Mbewu za mpendadzuwa ndizakoma, koma ndizosavuta kupeza. Kuphatikiza pa bokosi lamphamvu lambewu, amatetezedwa ndi chivundikiro chochuluka cha tsitsi, zomwe zimayambitsa kukwiya. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyeretsa kokha ndi magolovesi. Ma rhizomes aang'ono amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chakudya. Masamba obisika amapangitsa kuti azitha kudyetsa ziweto chaka chonse, ndipo khungwa la mtengo limakhala maziko opangira fiber.

Kwa nthawi yayitali panali lingaliro kuti mtengo wa botolo uli ndi poizoni, komabe, kafukufukuyu adatsutsa chiphunzitso ichi.

Brachychiton ndi chomera chodabwitsa. Kulima kwake kunapatsa anthu mwayi woganiza za kukongola kwa chilengedwe ngakhale m'nyumba zawo momwe. Imatha kukhala zokongoletsera zabwino zamkati ndipo ngakhale malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zotchuka zimabweretsa mwayi wobwezera zabwino ndi chisamaliro choyenera.