Cattleya Orchid - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chonyamula, mitundu yazithunzi ndi mitundu

Cattleya (Cattleya) - mmodzi mwa oimira okongola kwambiri amtundu wa orchid. Chomera chosathachi cha epiphytic m'chilengedwe chimakhala pakhungwa la mitengo kapena pakati pamiyala ndipo chimadzipezera zakudya zake mothandizidwa ndi mizu yoyendetsedwa ndi mlengalenga. Dziko la Cattleya orchid ndi dera lotentha la South ndi Central America.

Chodziwika bwino cha maluwa amenewa ndi kupezeka kwa ma pseudobulbs okhala ndi masamba awiri obiriwira obiriwira. Pakutha maluwa, maluwa akuluakulu, owoneka bwino pamadzala. Mitundu yawo ya petals imatha kukhala yopyapyala, yotalikirapo, yozungulira, yokhala ndi matope, ndi zina zambiri. Amapakidwa utoto wosiyanasiyana: kuyambira oyera ndi azitona mpaka golide ndi lilac-rasipiberi. Duwa lilinso ndi mlomo wamtundu wachilendo komanso mawonekedwe osiyana ndi ma petals.

Onaninso momwe mungalimire maluwa a zipatso monga dendrobium ndi vanda.

Cattleya Orchid: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Cattleya orchid kusamalira kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Cattleya Orchid pachimake

Chomera cha Cattleya orchid panyumba chimamasula pokhapokha pazaka zina komanso kukula. Nthawi zambiri, mapesi a maluwa amayamba kupanga mwachangu malo omwe ali ndi pseudobulbs 4 kapena kuposerapo.

Maluwa a Cattleya ali ndi kukongola kwapadera, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi fungo labwino. Kuti maluwa apitirire kwakanthawi, chomera, masamba atamasulidwa, chimachotsedwa padzuwa pomwepo.

Momwe mungapangire maluwa orchid

Kuti Cattleya orchid azisangalala pafupipafupi ndi maluwa ambiri kunyumba, ndikofunikira kukonza malo okhalamo bwino: kuwala kowala, chinyezi chambiri, kuthirira koyenera, ndi zina zambiri.

Monga njira ina yowonjezera yamaluwa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti chomera nthawi yolima yogwira izikhala ndi kusiyana kwa kutentha masana ndi usiku kosachepera 7 ° C.

Njira yotentha

Cattleya imafunikira kutentha kuti ikule mwachangu komanso chitukuko: masana, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala + 22- + 25 ° С, usiku - kuyenera kugwera mpaka + 18 ° С. Pakupumula, mbewuyo imasamutsidwa kuchipinda chozizira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi + 10 ° C.

Kuwaza

Kusamalira Cattleya orchid kunyumba sikuyenera kukhala ndi zochitika monga kupopera. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati pakufunika kuwonjezera chinyezi m'chipinda momwe muli, pomwe osaloleza madontho amadzi kugwa mphukira zazing'ono komanso kukula.

Kuwala

Kuti mapangidwe a maluwa ndi maluwa amtsogolo a Cattleya, kuwala kowala kwadzuwa kumafunikira. Komabe, pamasiku otentha, mmera umatha kuvunda pansi pa thambo, motero, nthawi yotentha masana uyenera kuzimitsidwa. Muyezo uyu udzatetezanso kuoneka kwa kuwotcha masamba.

Kubwezera kwa Cattleya Orchid

M'chilimwe, Cattleya nthawi zambiri amamwe madzi, koma gawo lapansi limaloledwa kuti liume pakati pa madzi. Mukamatsirira pamwamba, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi sichikhala pazomera zanthete, izi zimatha kuyambitsa maonekedwe.

Njira yabwino yothira gawo lapansi ndikumiza mumphika mumtsuko wina wamadzi kwa mphindi 20-30. Mutha kusambitsanso kutentha nthawi ndi nthawi.

Cattleya Orchid Pot

Mphamvu yakukula kwa Cattleya ikhoza kukhala ili yonse: chomeracho chimasungidwa mumapulasitiki kapena zoumba, mu mabasiketi opachikika ndi miphika, pamtengo chabe. Ngati duwa lakhomera ndi mizu yotsekeka, posankha poto wake, muyenera kuganizira nthawi yomweyo mukagulitsa.

Ndikofunika kuchita izi m'njira kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa mizu, motero ndibwino kutenga mphika womwe sudzakhala chisoni pambuyo pake kuti udulidwe kapena kuthyoledwa ngati pakufunika kutero.

Dothi

Pakulima kwa Cattleya m'nyumba, amagwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi lapadera la orchid, lomwe limagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa, kapena kukonza dothi losakaniza lokha, kusakaniza kachigawo kakang'ono kaini pine ndi ulusi wa polystyrene ndi sphagnum moss.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Cattleya kunyumba orchid amafunikira zakudya zowonjezera pokhapokha nthawi yogwira ntchito. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yomera, chomera chimaphatikizidwa ndimakonzedwe okhala ndi nitrogen yambiri, pambuyo pake phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pokonzekera michere ya michere, yang'anani mosamala kuchuluka kwa feteleza, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kungapangitse kuti mizu iphedwe. Katundu wa Cattleya nthawi zambiri amakhumudwitsa kukula kwa msipu ndikuwonongeka kwa maluwa.

Thirani

Cattleya samakonda kuvutitsidwa ndi mizu yawo, chifukwa chake, ziyenera kuziika pokhapokha ngati pali vuto lenileni: mbewuyo ikadzala kwambiri mumphika kapena gawo lakale litatsala pang'ono kuwola.

Kubzala kwa Cattleya orchid kumachitika motere: mmerawu "umatsitsidwa mosamala" ndikuuchotsa mu mphika pamodzi ndi gawo lapansi, ndikuchotsa dothi lakale ndi madzi. Mizu yowonongeka ndi yowuma imadulidwa, magawo amathandizidwa ndi makala amoto. Gawo latsopanolo limanyowa kwakanthawi m'madzi, kuloledwa kukhetsa, pambuyo pake chomera chimayikidwa mosamala mumphika watsopano.

Kudulira

Dulani Cattleya Sikuti. Kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe okongola, ndizotheka komanso ndizofunikira kuchotsa nthawi ndi nthawi masamba owonongeka, maluwa osokonekera ndi makwerero akale.

Nthawi yopumula

Kupuma kolinganizidwa bwino kwa Cattleya ndichofunikira kuti maluwa awo azikhala ndi zipatso zambiri. Kuti chomera chipumule kwambiri momwe mungathere ndikupeza mphamvu nyengo yatsopano isanakhazikike, chimayikidwa m'chipinda chopanda bwino, choyatsa kwambiri, pomwe kuthirira kumachepetsedwa pang'ono (kungosunga masamba a masamba ndi babu), kudyetsa kumayimitsidwa.

Kufalitsa kwa Cattleya orchid kwa ana

Ana omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamtengowu amasiyanitsidwa mosamala, amathandizidwa ndi chopukutira chodzala chokha. Zomera zazing'ono zimagwirizana momwe zimakhalira zokula wamkulu.

Kufalitsa kwa Cattleya orchid pogawa chitsamba

Akuluakulu, mbewu zopangidwa bwino zimaberekanso mosavuta mwa kugawa kosavuta. Ndondomeko akulimbikitsidwa motere:

1. Thirirani orchid kwambiri ndikusiyira kwa maola angapo kuti mizu yake imadzaza ndi chinyezi.
2. Chotsani chomera mosamala mumtsuko ndikutsuka bwino, koma muzitsuka mosamala mizu m'madzi ofunda kuti muchotse gawo lakale.
3. Ndikupanga ndi mpeni wakuthwa usanatulutsidwe, gawani chitsamba m'magawo kuti aliyense apangire mababu atatu ndi mizu yolimba. Finyani magawo ndi malasha ophwanyika.
4. Delenki wobzala m'miphika umodzi.

Kufalikira kwa Cattleya mwanjira imeneyi kumakhala bwino kuphatikiza chomera kuti chisasokoneze iye pompopompo ndi mizu.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Cattleya orchid ndi chomera chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimayankha molakwika zolakwa posamalira. Mavuto azaumoyo atha kukhala ndi izi:

• Malo owuma bulauni pamasamba a Cattleya. Amachitira umboni kuti mbewuyo ndi yayitali kwambiri padzuwa. Malapitsa sangathe kuchiritsidwa, orchid amayenera kukhala wopanda mthunzi kuchokera pakuwala kwadzuwa.
• Cattleya tsamba redness. Chokha, sichizindikiro cha matendawa, chomera chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, ndipo ngati zizindikilo zina zoopsa zichitike, pitani ndi chithandizo chofunikira.
• Grey fluffy ating kuyanika masamba a Cattleya (imvi zowola). Nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pomwe mbewuyo imasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira kwambiri chinyezi zambiri. Matendawa amathandizidwa ndi othandizira amakono a fungicidal.
• Zowola chakuda. Chimawonekera chifukwa chamadzi, kuphatikiza muzu kapena nayitrogeni wambiri mu gawo lapansi. Madera onse owonongeka ndi matendawa amachotsedwa, atapukuta zigawo, chomera chimathandizidwa ndi fungicide.
• Chikwangwani cha Grey pamasamba ndi masamba a Cattleya (powdery mildew). Zomwe zimachitika: nitrogen yambiri, chinyezi chambiri pamtunda wambiri. Chithandizo - chithandizo ndi fungicide.
• Masamba a Cattleya adasanduka achikasu ndipo adakutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni (malo owonera bakiteriya). Kusintha koteroko ndi chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi boma la kuthilira limodzi ndi kutentha kwambiri. Madera onse owonongeka amachotsedwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa motetezedwa, pambuyo pobayira ng'ombe ndi kukonzekera fungicidal.

Kuphatikiza pa matenda oyamba ndi bakiteriya ndi mafangasi, ma orchid amatha kukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo: mealybug, nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, nthata za akangaude. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tapadera timathandizira kuchotsa duwa la tizilombo toopsa.

Mitundu ya kunyumba ya Cattleya orchid yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Cattleya hybrida (Cattleya hybrida)

Dzinalo lomwe limagwirizanitsa gulu la mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe imayambitsidwa podutsa chinkhupule cha Cattleya ndi mitundu yake yambiri.

Cattleya x venosa

Mtundu wosalala, maluwa ambiri ndi maluwa okongola omwe ali ndi timiyala tambiri tambiri ta mandimu komanso mlomo wocheperako wa pepala lofiirira wokhala ndi malo owala achikasu pakati.

Cattleya Earl Impadium

Mitundu yotchuka yokhala ndi mtundu wa maluwa: mitundu yoyera yodzala ndi michere yoyera imazungulira mlomo wokongola wofanana ndi malo a mandimu achikasu pakati.

Cattleya Eclipse

Wophatikiza wamba wokhala ndi maluwa akulu osazolowereka: miyala yopyapyala ya utoto wofiirira-chimango chokhala ndi milomo yayitali yofiirira, yokongoletsedwa ndi gridi ya mitsempha yofiirira.

Cattleya Miyuki

Mitundu yoyambirira yomwe ikukula mwachangu, yodziwika ndi maluwa ambiri. Ma inflorescence ambiri amaphatikiza maluwa owala ndi miyala yamtengo wokongola wa rasipiberi komanso mlomo wa utoto wofiirira wa lalanje.

Cattleya Luteous Forb

Chomera chofanizitsa kutulutsa kawiri pachaka ndi maluwa achikasu obiriwira okhala ndi milomo yowoneka bwino ya golide komanso fungo labwino kwambiri.