Kawirikawiri wamaluwa amalima mitundu yambiri ya mitengo ya apulo pamtunda wawo. Ndipo nthawi zambiri chisankho chikugwera Mitundu yamakono, yomwe imapatsa zipatso zokoma komanso zokoma kwambiri. Zipatso zoyambirira zimawoneka pa mtengo wa apulo kumapeto kwa July, ngati, ndithudi, mtengo umasamaliridwa bwino. Momwe tingachitire ndi zomwe zili zosiyana siyana, tidzanena mu nkhaniyi.
Mbiri ya kusankha kwa apulo
Zosiyanasiyana zinayambira chifukwa cha kuyesayesa kwa wobadwa S. I. Isaev, amene anagwira ntchito ku Institute of Horticulture. I.V. Michurin. Wofufuzirayo anadutsa mitundu Korobovka ndi Papirovka, chifukwa cha chimene chatsopano chinawonekera. Siziyenera kupanga mafakitale, koma wakula mwakufuna payekha.
Zipatso zipse kumayambiriro, kumapeto kwa June ndi nthawi imene mtengo wa apulo umapatsa zipatso. Chokolola choyamba chingachotsedwe chaka chachinayi mutabzala mmera.
Mukudziwa? Kwa zipatso zabwino, amaluwa amachedwa amatchedwa Candy kapena Candy osiyanasiyana.
Kufotokozera za makhalidwe a apulo mitundu
Kawirikawiri, khalidwe la mtengo limadalira mtundu wa katundu. Koma mulimonsemo, mtengo umadziwika ndi chipiriro, mkulu chisanu kukana ndi regenerative luso.
Zizindikiro za mtengo
Zimakhulupirira kuti Mitengo yambiri ya apulo ndi mtengo wofulumira. M'zaka zitatu zoyambirira za moyo wake, zidzakula kufika mamita 3, kenako zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Pa moyo wa apulo, mtengo wa Candy umakula, mtengo wamtengo nthawi zambiri suposa 5 mamita. Mtengo wa apulo umakhala ndi korona wamphamvu, koma osati wolimba kwambiri. Mphukira imatha kusintha, koma imakhala yosasunthika ndipo musagwedezeke pansi pa kulemera kwa chipatso.
Masamba a mtengowu ndi obiriwira mumthunzi wolemera, wonyezimira, wandiweyani. Pa nthambi zimakula mochuluka, ndizokulu ndithu. Maluwawo amaoneka ngati pinki yofiira, yaying'ono.
Zotsatira za Zipatso
Candy Apple imayamikira kwambiri zipatso zabwino, Kulongosola kwa malonjezano osiyanasiyana, opambana mu kukoma kwa makhalidwe omwe ali ndi maonekedwe okongola. Kulemera kwao ndi 85-105 g, koma akhoza kuthiridwa mpaka 150 g.
Zipatso zili ndi khungu loyera chikasu ndi zilonda zofiira komanso zofiira zofiira. Khungu lofiira lili ndi mfundo zochepa. Maonekedwe a chipatsocho ndi ozungulira, koma osati nthawi zonse molondola, ndi kukwera. Nyama ndi yowutsa, yonyezimira, yofiira kwambiri ndi yavitamini C.
Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mitundu
Monga mitundu ina iliyonse ya maapulo, Candy ali ndi ubwino wake ndi ubwino wake. Zina mwa ubwino ndizokolola zambiri komanso zakuthupi. Mtengo umodzi waukulu ukhoza kubweretsa zipatso za makilogalamu 100. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yozizira chifukwa imatha kukula ngakhale kumpoto kwa dziko. Ngakhale pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira imapereka maluwa ochulukirapo ndipo osachepera kwambiri fruiting. Zipatso nthawi zonse zimakhala zokoma, ndipo mtengo wokha umatsutsa matenda osiyanasiyana.
Komabe, pakati pa makhalidwe a apulo maswiti amapezeka ndi kuipa. Kotero Mtengo ndi wosavuta kudula, komanso chifukwa cha kukula kwa masamba okongola mwamsanga imakula chimene chimalepheretsa zipatso kucha. Iwo enieni maapulo ndi ovuta kunyamula ndi kukhala ndi moyo wafupipafupi.
Malangizo oti musankhe mbande pamene mukugula
Ndikofunika kupeza mapulogalamu apulo kumapeto kwa nyengo, kutsatira malamulo ofunika posankha mitengo ya zipatso. Pezani kugula n'kofunika kokha muzipinda zapadera, kumene kuli chidaliro chodzala bwino, chomwe chikugwirizana ndi kalasi yoyesedwa.
Koma ngakhale apo, musanagule sapling, muyenera kuliwerenga bwino. Iyenera kukhala yatsopano, popanda zizindikiro zowonongeka kapena zouma. Sitiyenera kukhala zizindikiro za matenda, tizirombo. Ayenera kukhala woyera kuti athe kuyang'anitsitsa. Mmerawo uyenera kulembedwa ndi mtundu, zosiyana, zobala ndi malo okula.
Posankha sapling, onetsetsani kuti kotero kuti mizu inali nthambi, mzu waukulu unali osachepera 30 cm m'litali. Kutenga mizu, kuwaza madzi ndi kukulunga mu thumba la pulasitiki. Ngati adakabebe pamene mubweretsa chipinda kunyumba, mtengowo ukhale wotsala tsiku limodzi m'madzi. Zomwe zimakhala ndi mizere yotseguka ndi masamba sizingagulidwe.
Ndi bwino kutenga mitengo ali ndi zaka 1-2. Monga lamulo, iwo alibe korona, ndipo amazika mizu mosavuta. Mitengo yakale iyenera kugawanitsa mphotho.
Kubzala malamulo kwa mbande yaing'ono ya apulo
Kuti mupeze zokolola zochuluka, muyenera kudziwa zomwe mtengo wa apulo umayenera. Kulima nyemba ndi kusamalira.
Nthawi zabwino zokhalapo
Nthaŵi yoyenera kubwera ndi yophukira, makamaka, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September. Mu nthawi yozizira komanso yotentha, mbewu zimakhala ndi nthawi yoti zizolowere nthaka ndi kuzizira bwino nyengo isanakwane. Koma asanakhale ozizira ayenera kukhala ataphimbidwa mosamala.
Mukhozanso kuwabzala m'chaka - kuyambira m'ma April, pamene nthaka yayamba kale kutentha. Kenaka m'nyengo ya chilimwe, sapling imayamba mizu, imakhala yowonjezereka ndipo idzakhala yosavuta kusamutsa oyambirira chisanu.
Kusankha malo okuma: nthaka ndi kuunikira
Mtengo wa Apple - chomera, chomera chowala, ndi Kalasi iyi imapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwa kuyatsa. Ndi bwino kulima kumbali ya kummawa kwa malowa kuti m'mawa ndi usanafike usana usanafike, zomera zimalandira kuwala kwa dzuwa, koma kuti zisamawotche kwambiri madzulo. Onetsetsani kuti malowa sakuwombedwa ndi mphepo - mtengo wa apulo sumakonda ma drafts.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yachonde, yofanana ndi yomwe imafunikira mbatata. Izi sizakupweteka ndi msinkhu wokwanira wa nayitrogeni. Ndikofunika kuti kumapeto kwa malo osasunthira madzi, ndipo madzi apansi anali kutali kwambiri ndipo sanawononge mizu ya mtengo - sakonda chinyezi.
Ntchito yokonzekera pawebusaiti
Musanabzala, nkofunika kuti mumere nthaka kuti mupangidwe bwino, kuonjezera mphamvu zake zogwiritsira madzi komanso kusungunula, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa acidity. Masiku asanu asanadzalemo, amachimba, amameta namsongole. Pakukumba kwa hafu ya mita, zowonjezera zimaphatikizidwa malingana ndi nthaka:
- kwa peat: laimu, potassium sulphate, phosphate rock, superphosphate, manyowa;
- chifukwa cha mchenga: potaziyamu, superphosphate, mandimu, peat, dothi;
- chifukwa cha dongo: zovuta mchere feteleza, laimu, humus, sawdust, mchenga.
Kukonzekera kwa mbande kubzala
Mwa kubzala muyenera kukonzekera ndi mbande. Yang'anani mosamala mizu yawo ndikuchotseratu mizu yowuma, yovunda, kapena yakufa ndi pruner yomwe ili ndi disinfected kapena mpeni. Komanso kuchokera kwa iwo m'pofunika kuchotsa kukula, matalala okhwima.
Kupanga mizu, m'pofunika kuchotsa nthambi zomwe zimakula kuchokera pakati pa ndodo mkati. Nthambi zazing'ono zopanda malire zimfupikitsanso. Pachifukwa ichi, mdulidwe uyenera kukhala wokwanira kwambiri kuti pulogalamuyo ikhale yochepa kwambiri. Mizu yowongoka ndi yoonda iyenera kukhalabe, monga chomera chidzakhazikika ndi iwo.
Kenaka pukutani pansi thunthu bwino ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza kuti khosi liziwoneka bwino: kusintha kuchokera kubiriwira kupita ku bulauni.
Ndikofunikira! Musasokoneze malo ophatikizidwa ndi khosi lazuwo!Ndiye mizu ya mbande iyenera kuthiridwa mu njira yothetsera dothi ndi manyowa. Konzekerani kwake kumatenga mbali ya dothi, magawo awiri a mullein ndi magawo asanu a madzi.
Njira yolowera mofulumira
Mukamapanga dzenje kuti mubzalidwe, kumbukirani kuti mizu ya mbeu imakula mofulumira kuposa korona. Chifukwa Mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa pamtunda waukulu - mamita limodzi ndi theka. Kudzala, kukumba maenje ndi masentimita 80 masentimita ndi kuya kwa masentimita 60. Kufalitsa nthaka yovomerezeka pansi. Pofuna kukonzekera, muyenera kutenga ndowa 4 kapena manyowa, onjezerani magalasi awiri a potassium sulphate, mofanana ndi superphosphate ndi magalasi anayi a phulusa. Zonsezi zimasakanikirana ndi nthaka ndikuyika pansi pa dzenje kuti mizu ifike mkati mwa chisakanizo ichi.
Mukamabzala, mizu ya mbewuyi imagawidwa mofanana pansi ndi yokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Mwachidule, khosi lazuyo siliyenera kukumba mu nthaka, mwinamwake ilo lidzavunda m'malo ano. Khosi likhale la masentimita 5-6 pamwamba pa nthaka. Mukadabzala mtengo, m'pofunika kuthirira madzi ambiri - zitsulo ziwiri pansi pa mbeu iliyonse. Mu kugwa, minda yaying'ono iyenera kuthiriridwa masiku atatu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidebe pamtengo uliwonse. Pofuna kuteteza chinyezi, ndibwino kuti pakhale chitsime chokhazikika, komanso kulimbitsa mtengo wokhawokha mwa kuumangiriza ku chithandizo.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yaing'ono yomwe ilibe korona yofooketsa, ndizosatheka kuti ikhale yoyera.Kuteteza mitengo yaying'ono kuchokera ku makoswe ndi zinthu zachirengedwe, thunthu limamangidwa ndi chigamba.
Malamulo a chisamaliro cha nyengo ya apulo
Ngati mutenga chomeracho, ndibwino kuti musamakhale ndi vuto.
Kuwongolera
Mitengo yambiri ya apulo ndiyo kudzipweteka, kotero kuti tizirombo ta mungu timayenera kuyesedwa pafupi nayo. Choponderetsa mitengo ya apulo Candy - mitundu Grushovka Moscow, Golden Chinese, Red oyambirira, Orlovim ndi zina zotero.
Katemera woteteza tizirombo ndi matenda
Amakhulupirira kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda omwe amadziwika bwino a mitengo ya apulo, koma alibe chitetezo chotere. Choncho, kuti muteteze chomera, mwamsanga pamene masamba akuphuka pa izo, Tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mkuwa oxychloride kapena 3% njira ya Bordeaux madzi. Ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa pambuyo pa maluwa, koma pakali pano madziwa akhale 1%.
Ngati zizindikiro zoyamba za nkhanambo zikuwonekera, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. "Raek". 1.5-2 ml ya mankhwalawa amadzipangidwira mu chidebe cha madzi ndikupopera ndi maapulo maulendo anayi pa nyengo: isanafike masambawa, pakutha maluwa, mutatha maluwa komanso pambuyo pa masabata awiri. Gwiritsani ntchito malita 10 pa 100 mita mamita. m. Mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa "Mwakhama", zomwe zimafuna mankhwala awiri okha pa nyengo: isanafike ndi pambuyo pake maluwa, koma ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri. Njira yothetsera vutoli imakonzedwa pa mlingo wa 2 ml pa chidebe cha madzi, pogwiritsira ntchito 2-5 malita pamtengo.
Mukudziwa? Odziŵa wamaluwa chaka chilichonse kuyeretsa thunthu la lichens, akufa makungwa. Zimathandiza kuchotsa tizilombo tomwe timakhala tikubwerako.
Polimbana ndi tizilombo m'chaka timalangizidwa kuti tizichita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa "Olekupritom", omwe 400 g ya mankhwalawo amasungunuka mu chidebe cha madzi. Iye ndi wamkulu pomenyana ndi nkhupakupa, chishango, sucker, nsabwe za m'masamba. Mitengo imatha kuperekedwa kuchokera ku tizilombo todya masamba "Karbofos".Nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira
Kusamalira Apple Pulasitiki kumafuna kuthirira bwino zomera. Ngati tikukamba za mitengo yatsopano, ndiye kuti miyezi iwiri yoyambirira iyenera kuthiriridwa sabata iliyonse, kupatulapo mvula yambiri. Kenaka madzi okwanira amachepetsedwa kamodzi pa masabata awiri kapena atatu. Koma ngati pali kutentha kwakukulu, kuthirira kumachitika kawiri pa sabata ndi zidebe zingapo pansi pa mtengo uliwonse. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira izi Chomera sichimakonda chinyezi chochuluka. Mu kutentha, amatha kuthiriridwa ndi kukonkha, koma ndibwino kuti tichite mwambo madzulo kuti madzi pamasamba asayambe kuyaka chifukwa cha dzuwa lotentha.
Nthaka imamasula
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mizu imafika pamtunda, nthaka yozungulira iyenera kumasulidwa. Koma izi zimachitika patali pafupifupi masentimita 60 kuchokera mu thunthu m'malo osiyanasiyana mpaka masentimita 40. M'dzinja, hilling iyenera kuchitika kuzungulira thunthu ku kuya kwa masentimita 20, kuphatikiza thunthu la mtengo ndi kompositi, peat kapena humus. Kufalitsa udzu kapena udzu wouma pamwamba pa zinthu zokwana 5 masentimita mu msinkhu. Zikatero, mphutsi zapansi zimachuluka bwino, zomwe zimamasula nthaka, ndikuzipatsa chonde. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyanjana kumatsutsana ndi kukula kwa udzu.
Nkofunika kukumba pansi pamtengo musanayambe kuzizira, chifukwa m'nyengo yozizira, pansi pa chipsinjo cha chisanu, nthaka idzakhala yowonjezereka.
Feteleza
Pakuti yachibadwa fruiting apulo amafunikira chakudya chowonjezera. Kuti muchite izi, ndibwino kuti mumve phulusa (pamtunda umodzi - 3-5 magalasi), humus (Ndowa 5-6), fetereza ya superphosphate (40-60 g). Izi zimachitika nthawi isanayambe maluwa.
Kudyetsa kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira feteleza a phosphate-potashi. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani 2 tbsp mu chidebe cha madzi. lita imodzi ya granular superphosphate ndi spoonful ya potaziyamu.
Kudulira zolemba
Kudulira zolembera za mtengo wa apulo kumapereka zina kuphatikizapo zokolola za chomera, osatchula kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a korona. Magaziniyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa mitengo yakale. Chitani njirayi kumapeto kwa maluwa kapena mvula, mutatha kukolola. Ndibwino kuti tigwire ndipo mwamsanga mutabzala mbande. Kuti muchite izi, kudula pamwamba pa mtengo ndi piritsi, kusiya masamba ochepa m'munsi mwake.
Ndikofunikira! Kudulira kumapangidwira ndi zipangizo zowongoka. Makungwa osasunthika, chifukwa cha kudula kumeneku kudzachiritsira nthawi yaitali.Nthambi zonse zomwe kukula kwake zimatsogoleredwa mkati zimadulidwa, nthambi za nthambi zikukula pambali. M'pofunikanso kuyeretsa nthambi zomwe zimayanjana kapena zotsutsana. Amagwedezeka, osweka, nthambi zing'onozing'ono pamaziko a nthambi kapena thunthu, nawonso, kuti achotsedwe. Kotero kuti atatha kudulira mtengo wa apulo sataya madzi ake, m'pofunika kupanga magawo onse ndi phula la munda.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Kwa nthawi yozizira, ndi bwino kukulunga thunthu la mtengo ndi nthiti, bango kapena spruce nthambi. Izi sizidzamupulumutsa kokha ku chisanu, komanso kuchokera ku makoswe. Zaka zisanu zoyambirira, mitengo ikuluikulu inagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yankho la choko, ndipo mitengo yokhwima yokhayo ingakhale yoyera ndi yankho la laimu. Kukonzekera, tenga 100 g nkhuni gululi, 500 g zamkuwa zamchere, 3 kg wa mwatsopano wowawasa mandimu ndikusungunula zonse mu ndowa.
Pofuna kudyetsa nyengo yozizira, m'chaka choyamba cha moyo, mbande sizipangitsa kuti azidyetsa - ali ndi zinthu zokwanira zomwe zimayambidwa pobzala. Kwa nyengo yozizira, timagulu tafupi-timene timayendetsedwa ndi manyowa, koma kuti sagwirizane ndi thunthu la mtengo. Mitengo iyenera kukhala yotalika masentimita 20. M'nyengo yozizira, makamaka ndi chipale chofewa chofewa, chisanu chozungulira mtengo chiyenera kuponderezedwa.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
Monga tafotokozera kale mpaka makilogalamu 100 a zipatso akhoza kuchotsedwa ku mtengo umodzi waukulu. Mitengo yaing'ono imayamba kubala zipatso m'chaka cha 4-5 mutabzala. Zipatso zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa kumapeto kwa July, koma zatsanulidwa ndi August. Iwo amabala mosayenera.
Kukolola kuyenera kusamala kwambiri, monga maapulo salola kulephera. Iwo sangagwedezeke pa nthambi, pokhapokha atagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Apo ayi, kwenikweni mu masiku angapo adzamasuka ndi osagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala pamodzi ndi phesi. Onetsetsani kuti maapulo akhalabe sera, omwe amawateteza ku matenda.
Koma ngakhale maapulo amasonkhanitsidwa malinga ndi malamulo onse, sangasungidwe kwa nthawi yaitali - masabata atatu mu chipinda chozizira kapena patali pang'ono mu furiji.
Apple Candy ndi imodzi mwazokonda kwambiri wamaluwa wamaluwa. Mitundu yosiyana si yoyenera kupanga mafakitale chifukwa chasungwana tating'ono timene timakhala ndi chipatso, koma zokolola zimakhala zambiri, ndipo maapulo nthawi zonse amakhala okoma. Chisamaliro chapadera pa chomera sichifunikira. Ndikofunika kulima pa dzuwa ndi malo osanyowa, nthawi yamadzi ndikudyetsa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yopanda chisanu, yogonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Chinthu chokha chimene muyenera kumenyana ndi nkhanambo. Ena onse a apulo mitengo wamaluwa okondwa yokolola ndi mtengo kusamalira.
