Washingtonia

Washingtonia (Washingtonia) - mtundu wazomera zamatchire zochokera ku banja la Palm (Arecaceae). Malo obadwira ku Washington ndi omwe amakhala ku USA ndi Mexico.

Maonekedwe ake, mbewuyo ndi kanjedza. Masamba amagawika m'magawo ambiri omwe amasunthika kuchokera pansi pa mbale.

Pazinthu zachilengedwe, m'mimba mwake masamba a kanjedza amafika ku 1.5 m kapena kupitilira, kutalika kwa thunthu mpaka kumtunda wa 30. Akasungidwa mumtsuko, Washington imakula mpaka 1.5-4 m. Kukula kwake kuli pafupifupi. Chiyembekezo chamoyo wobzala m'nyumba chimafika zaka 10 kapena kupitilira.

Kunyumba, chomera sichimakonda kuphuka, m'maluwa achilengedwe kwa zaka 10-15 za moyo. Ma inflorescence ndiwotalikirapo.

Komanso samalani ndi ma kanjedza ena a Yucca ndi Fortune trachicarpus.

Zothandiza pa Washington

Chifukwa cha madera akuluakulu, Washington imanyowetsa mpweya. Chomera ngati chomera chokongoletsera masamba. Mtundu wa chimfine sikuti nthawi zambiri umapezeka muchikhalidwe chazipinda chifukwa cha kukula kwake. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo owoneka bwino, maofesi, maholo a zipatala ndi mahotela, ndi zina zambiri. Zimathandizira kukhazikitsa malo ochepetsa, osangalatsa kwambiri.

Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Onani mwachidule zofunikira zofunika pakukula ku Washington kunyumba:

Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Washingtonia: Malangizo atsatanetsatane

Kuti mbewuyi izichita bwino, ndikofunikira kutsatira zina zake. Monga mitengo ina ya kanjedza, Washington kunyumba imafunikira nyengo yozizira komanso mpweya wotentha.

Maluwa

Kunyumba, ngakhale pazabwino, mgwalangwa wa Washington amatulutsa kwambiri kawirikawiri. Mwachilengedwe, inflorescence amapangidwa pamtengowo - ma cobs amatalika ngati fungo lamphamvu.

Maluwa amapezeka pagombe la Black Sea mu June, ndipo zipatso zimacha mu Novembala.

Njira yotentha

M'nyengo yozizira ndi yotentha, amasunga kutentha kosiyanasiyana. Kuchita koyenera: chilimwe 22-25 ^zaOsatentha kwambiri, nthawi yozizira - osachepera 12 ^zaC. M'chilimwe, mbewuyo imatengedwa kupita kukhonde kapena kumunda. Home Washington iyenera kutetezedwa ku chisanu ndi kukonzekera kuzizira.

Zosangalatsa! Chomera chachikulu chomwe chimakula mumsewu chimatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -5-6 ^zaC.

Mu nyengo ya Russia, Washington pamalo otseguka amamera pagombe la Black Sea (Sochi). Koma ngakhale kumeneko nthawi yachisanu amafunika pogona.

Kuwaza

Washington imafuna mpweya wonyowa. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi ofunda. Ndikwabwino kuti muchite izi m'mawa, kuti madontho onse awume usiku. Masamba akulu nthawi zina amapukutidwa ndi chinkhupule chonyowa. M'chipinda chotentha, chidebe chokhala ndi chomera chimayikidwa patali ndi batri.

Uphungu! Mutha kuwonjezera chinyontho cha mpweya pafupi ndi chomera ngati mutayika mphika ndi mtengo wa kanjedza mu thireyi wokhala ndi dothi lonyowa. Njira ina ndikusunga chidebe cha madzi pafupi ndi Washington.

Kuwala

Ndikulakwitsa kuganiza kuti Washington ndi wokonda dzuwa lotentha. Amafunikira kuwala kowala popanda kuwunika mwachindunji. Penumbra ndizovomerezeka. Kuti muwonetsetse zoterezi, ndikokwanira kuyendetsa kanjedza mtunda wautali wa 1.2-1,5 m kuchokera pazenera lakumalo kapena pafupi ndi zenera lakumadzulo kapena lakumawa.

Uphungu! Ngati nthawi yozizira ilibe dzuwa lachilengedwe lokwanira, muyenera kupatsa malowo ndi kuunikira kochita kupanga.

Kuthirira

Washington imamwe madzi pang'ono, koma chaka chonse. M'nyengo yotentha ndi masika kumakhala kokwanira, kumapangitsa dothi kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa: mutayanika dothi lapamwamba mpaka 1c cm, dikirani masiku ena 1-2. Mphamvu yothirira nthawi yachisanu yozizira imachepetsedwa katatu pa mwezi.

Chingwe sichimalekerera kusayenda kwa madzi pamizu. Chifukwa chake, kusefukira kungapangitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi kufa kwa mbewu. Chinyezi chochulukirapo chimakhala chowopsa makamaka nyengo yozizira, pomwe mizu yake imayamba kuchepa.

Mphika waku Washington

Washingtonia Palibe zofunika zapadera za mphika. Zosankha ndizoyenera. Kukula kwa poto kuyenerana ndi mizu ya mbewuyo: mutabzala pakati pa dothi loumbika ndi mizu ndi makhoma a poto, 1.5 1.5 cm ikakulirakulira.Pamakula kanjedza kuchokera kumbewu, poto woyamba wachitsamba chaching'ono amatengedwa ndi mulifupi mwake masentimita 6-9, pang'onopang'ono kukula kwake ndi chilichonse thirani.

Kusankha pakati pa zotengera za pulasitiki ndi zadongo zimatengera zomwe munthu wakonda amakonda. Chofunikira chokha ndichakuti Washington imafunikira ngalande zabwino, kotero mphika uyenera kukhala ndi dzenje pansi kuti uchotse chinyezi chochulukirapo.

Zosangalatsa! Zomera mu miphika ya ceramic zimafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi kuposa zomera pulasitiki. Mukasintha mphika wa pulasitiki kukhala wowumba m'manja wa Washington kunyumba kuyenera kusintha.

Dothi

Dziko lapansi limasankhidwa kotero kuti limadutsa madzi ndi mpweya bwino kufikira mizu. Nthaka yabwino kwambiri yazipatso zamtengo wapatali kuchokera kwa wopanga wodalirika. Muthanso kupanga dothi nokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera turf, tsamba ndi humus lapansi, mchenga pazowerengera 4: 2: 2: 1. Kuti amasule dothi, perlite kapena vermiculite amawonjezeranso.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuvala kwapamwamba pafupipafupi kumafunikira kuti Washington ikule bwino, chifukwa zomanga zomwe zili m'nthaka zimachepa pakapita nthawi. Manyowa mu kasupe kuti agwe, ndiye kuti nthawi yakula. M'nyengo yozizira, musadye. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wama mineral wama kanjedza. Pakadapanda anthu oterowo sitolo, mutha kutenga feteleza wazomera zodzikongoletsera komanso zowola.

Mlingo komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito zimatengera malonda ake ndipo akuwonetsedwa ndi wopanga pa phukusi ndi feteleza. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kudyetsa kanjedza pakatha masiku 10 mpaka 10 ndi kuthirira.

Zofunika! Kuthira manyowa komanso kuvala pamwamba osathirira kumatha kuwotcha mizu ndikuwononga mbewuyo.

Thirani Washington

Monga mitengo yonse ya kanjedza, Washington chimakonda kuchitira zinthu zina, motero zimayenera kuchitika pokhapokha pakufunika. Zaka 5 zoyambirira za moyo, chomera chimasinthidwa mzaka zonse ziwiri mpaka zisanu.

Chomera chachikulire chimafunikira kufesedwa ngati mizu yakwera pamwamba pamphika kapena mwakula kudzera m'maenje okumba. Pambuyo pakugulitsa, perekani chisamaliro chabwino ku Washington. Nthawi zina, zimakhala zokwanira kusintha nthaka yapamwamba pachaka.

Kuyika ndi kanjedza kumachitika mchaka, kuti mizu ikhale ndi nthawi yopanga ndikusinthasintha ndi poto yatsopano isanayambike nyengo yozizira. Ndondomeko

1. Ngati mphikawo udagwiritsidwa ntchito kale, umatsukidwa bwino. Miphika yatsopano amaumbika usiku m'madzi.
2. Udzu wonyika mpaka poto wa до uyenera kuthiridwa pansi pa thankiyo.
3. Mbewuyi imathiriridwa madzi ndikuchotsa mumchombo wakale ndi mtanda wakale.
4. Sanjani mizera yam'manja mosamala ndi manja anu, ngati zingatheke.
5. Ikani kanjedza pamiyala yatsopano padziko lapansi mumtsuko watsopano, pang'onopang'ono mudzaze mipata pakati pa khoma. Dothi lozungulira dothi lonyowa limaphwanyika.
6. Mtengowo umathiridwanso ndikukolola sabata limodzi pamthunzi kuti usinthe. Pambuyo pake, abwerera kumalo kwawo.

Kudulira

Pamene kanjedza kamakula, masamba am'munsi amasanduka achikasu ndikuuma. Izi ndi zochitika zachilengedwe. Masamba owuma bwino amazidulira.

Zofunika! Malo okhawo ophuka mu mitengo ya kanjedza ndi omwe ali pamwamba pa tsinde. Ngati tsinde lidulidwa, mbewuyo singapatse mphukira ndi kufa.

Nthawi yopumula

Chomera chiribe nthawi yodziwika bwino. Zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo - kutsatira kutentha ndi madzi.

Ngati patchuthi

M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kusiya chikondicho sichinasungidwe kwa milungu iwiri. Asanachoke, chomeracho chimathiriridwa madzi ndikutsukidwa pakatikati pa chipindacho kutali ndi magetsi owala ndi zida zamagetsi. M'nthawi yachilimwe, ndibwino kuti musangosiyapo mtengo wamanju kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa sabata. Ngati tchuthi chitalitali, mutha kukonzekera ndi abwenzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina othirira.

Kukula Washington kuchokera ku Mbewu

Fotokozerani mbewuyo kokha ndi mbewu. Zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera. Kufesa kumachitika nthawi yamasika-chilimwe.

Ndondomeko

1. Kuti muchepetse kumera kwa mbeu, chipolopolo chaching'ono chimapangidwa pang'ono ndi sandpaper kapena fayilo ya msomali, osafikira mkati. Kenako njere zimanyowa m'madzi ofunda kwa masiku 2-7. Madzi amasinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku.
2. Mbewu zonyowa zimafesedwa mu gawo lapansi lotayirira kuchokera ku malo osakanikirana ndi nthaka ndi peat ndi mchenga mpaka 1 cm.
3. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi pamwamba.
4. Mbewu zimatsukidwa m'malo otentha. Kuti kumera bwino, muyenera kutentha kwa 25-30 ^zaC.
5. Tsiku lililonse, galasi kapena filimu imachotsedwera kuti mpweya wabwino ufike. Gawo laling'ono limasungidwa lonyowa mwa kupopera pansi.
6. Mlingo wa kumera kwa mphukira zimatengera tsopano mbewu. Mphukira yaying'ono m'masiku 15-20. Mphukira zachikale miyezi iwiri.
7. Pambuyo kumera mbewu, chidebe chimakonzedwanso m'malo owala, otentha.
8. Mbande imalowa m'miphika iwiri patatha masamba awiri enieni.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mavuto akulu omwe amalima maluwa amakumana nawo akamakula mitengo ya kanjedza imachitika makamaka ikasamalidwa:

• Masamba Washington kutembenukira chikasu - kuthirira kosakwanira kapena kusowa kwa michere. M'chilimwe, mizu ya kanjedza sayenera kupukuta.
• Malangizo a tsamba la brown - mpweya wouma. Chomera chimafunikira kuthiridwa nthawi zambiri. Kusowa kothirira kapena mpweya wozizira kungayambitsenso malangizo owuma.
• Mawonekedwe owuma pamasamba - kuwala kwambiri.
• Kutsanulira Washington kufota ndi kuda - Kutentha kochepa kwambiri.
• Kubola kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa impso - madzi osefukira ndi nthaka yambiri.
• Kugudubuza thunthu - kusefukira, kusayenda kwamadzi mumphika.
• Malangizo a masamba awuma - mpweya wouma komanso madzi okwanira.
• Madontho amdima anaonekera pamasamba - Kuwaza malo nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kusefukira kapena kugwa kwamwadzidzidzi kutentha. Pakawoneka mawanga, tizirombo sitiyenera kupatula (titha kukhala kangaude).

Mwa tizilombo, mitengo ya kanjedza imakhudzidwa ndi nthata za akangaude, tizilombo tambiri, ndi mealybug.

Mitundu ya nyumba yaku Washington yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Washingtonia fibrous kapena nitenous (Washingtonia filifera)

Mtengo wa kanjedza mpaka 25 m mwachilengedwe. Ikasungidwa mumtsuko, imakula mpaka mamita 2-3. Masamba ake ndi okuluwika, obiriwira. Kumapeto kwa magawo azitsamba kumakhala ulusi wonyezimira woti mbu.

Washingtonia ndi wamphamvu kapena "wamkati mwa ana" (Washingtonia robusta)

Maganizo ake ali pafupi kwambiri ndi W. filifera. Pa petiole ya tsamba kutalika konse ndi minga. Kutalika kwa tsamba lirilonse ndi zaka zitatu. Zotsalira za masamba akufa pamtengozo zimapanga chipolopolo chomwe chimafanana ndi siketi.