Ampoule petunia amasiyana ndi maluwa ena mu mtundu wosazolowereka. Zokwanira kamodzi kuyang'ana mbewuyo osayiwala. Kutalika kwa mphukira kukhoza kukwera mpaka 1.4 m, ndikugwa mokongola.
Zithunzi zoyala sizabwino zokhazokha. Masamba ndi opepuka komanso pang'ono. Kuchuluka kwa maluwa obiriwira kumadalira msika wa duwa. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kuti petunia ndi ndani ndi kuisamalira.
Petunia mu maluwa
Momwe mungafalitsire petunia wamkulu
Ndikofunikira kudula maluwa ndikuchepetsa petals kuchokera kumadulidwe odulidwa kuchokera pazomwe mungafune, mubzale mumphika kapena mbale zina zazikulu ndikuyika malo amdima kwa milungu ingapo. Ili ndiye mtundu wodziwika bwino wa kuswana.
Njira za Cherenkovaniye:
- kuchokera mbande wamba;
- kuchokera pa maluwa chaka chatha kuchokera pabedi lamaluwa;
- m'madzi.
Zambiri! Petunia ndi mizu chabe, ndikofunikira kuti ikhale chinyezi chofunikira. Ngati kulibe madzi okwanira, duwa limangotayika.
Ubwino wa Cherenkovanie
Zodulidwa sikuti ndizophweka zokha, komanso njira yoyenera yofotokozera zomera zamasamba. Pali zabwino zina mwanjira iyi:
- pogwiritsa ntchito kudula, mutha kukulitsa mtundu weniweni wa maluwa a chiberekero, kuphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya majini ndi phenotypic;
- zimapezeka kuti zimasungira mbande ndi nthangala zomwe sizimawonetsa nthawi zonse 100% kumera;
- ndiyo njira yachangu kwambiri yofalitsira; kuzika ndi kumera kumatenga nthawi yochepa kuposa kubzala mbewu;
- Maluwa aakazi ndi okhazikika komanso olimba kuposa momwe mmera kapena njira yofotokozera maluwa.
Kukula duwa lolimba ndi labwino pamene kudula ndikotheka pokhapokha potsatira ukadaulo, nthawi ykubzala komanso kukonza koyenera kubzala.
Tcherani khutu! Wamaluwa akuti mitundu yamtundu wa petunias ndiyofunika kudula, chifukwa mbewu sizimera nthawi zonse.
Njira ya Cherenkovka
Zidutswa za petunia m'madzi
Momwe mungadulire petunia wopambana m'madzi? Iyi ndi imodzi mwanjira zosavuta kwambiri zoberekera ziweto. Kuchokera pachitsamba cha chiberekero, muyenera kudula ma cutic apical pafupifupi 13 cm. Kuti mulephere kuwola m'madzi, dulani m'matumba, ndikusiya ma 5 PC. Kutalika komwe kumatula kumakhala kopanda madzi, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuzika mizu, kotero kuyenera kuyikiridwa mugalasi mwachangu momwe mungathere.
Momwe mungachulukitsire petunia m'madzi:
- ndikofunikira kutenga zida zowonekera;
- madzi akatuluka, samasintha, koma kuwonjezera pang'ono;
- mbale zimakutidwa ndi chivundikiro chowoneka bwino cha kutentha kwanyengo;
- pakatha pafupifupi sabata, tsinde limazika mizu ndipo amathanso kuwaika m'mundamo.
Zambiri! Ngati gawo la toyesa limakonda kumera pamabzalidwe, ndiye kuti mutadula, kupatula pang'ono, pafupifupi chilichonse chimalandiridwa. Mbewu zikasamalidwa bwino, zimakula popanda mavuto.
Kukula petunia kudula mu nthaka
Kufalitsa maluwa ndi mbewu ndi yayitali komanso yolimba. Kuti mukule bwino duwa la petunia kuchokera ku mbewu, muyenera kugula mbewu yabwino ndikupanga kutentha kwake kosaposa 25 ° C.
Asanabzale mbewu, nthaka imakhuthuka ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Maluwa ali ndi nthangala zazing'ono, choncho zimabzalidwe mwadongosolo m'nthaka yomalizidwa. Mbale yokhala ndi njere iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikuyiyika pamalo opanda zojambula, zowala zambiri. Tikufika tikuletsedwa kutsegulidwa kwa milungu itatu. Pakadali pano, chisamaliro chimangokhala mukusonkhanitsa kudzikongoletsa kuchokera mufilimu yazovala.
Tcherani khutu! Pomwe mphukira zoyambirira zikuwonekera, zimayenera kutsegulidwa kwa maola angapo kuti mpweya wawonjezere bwino. Izi zikapanda kuchitika, mbewuyo idzafa.
Panthawi imeneyi, muyenera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa komanso kudyetsa mbewuzo kangapo. Nthawi iliyonse, nthawi yotsitsimutsayo iyenera kuchuluka. Pomwe ma petals oyamba awonekera, pogona amatha kuchotsedwa. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe kampaniyo "Garden of Mirerals" monga chovala chapamwamba.
Feteleza
Malamulo oyendetsera kufalitsa kwa petunias ndikudula
Mukadzala ndi kusamalira, izi ziyenera kulingaliridwa:
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu m'chaka, chifukwa panthawiyi ndikosavuta kuyang'anira dzuwa ndikupereka kutentha kofunikira. Pakuyamba kwa chilimwe, petunias itaphuka kwambiri;
- kudula kumatha kudulidwa ngakhale ku tchire tating'ono. Chikhalidwechi chimalola kudulira mwangwiro, ndipo kwa mitundu yambiri ndizofunikira;
- Sizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito kangapo kangapo ka mbande za maluwa.
Tcherani khutu! Zidula zimaphukira pafupifupi miyezi 1.5 mutadulira.
Ndiye kuti, mutawabzala mu Ogasiti, pakati pa nthawi yophukira, chitsamba chonse chomwe chili ndi maluwa chidzakhala chikonzeka. Ndipo kudula nthambi m'mwezi wa Epulo, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, mmera wabwino wamera umakula, womwe umasulidwa mosavuta kulowa pansi.
Kodi ndi liti ndipo ndi liti lomwe muyenera kudula kudula
Palibenso chifukwa chodikirira kuti chitsamba chikule, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kudula mitengo yamaluwa, kusankha okongola, amphamvu.
Izi zikuyenera kuchitika koyambirira kwa Ogasiti - Seputembala.
Tsamba labwino kwambiri limawoneka bwanji:
- kutalika kwa 5 cm (nthambi zazitali kwambiri sizikhala ndi mizu yayitali);
- ndi awiriawiri a ngale;
- muyenera kudula pamakona osagwirizana ndi pansi pa mulongowo (mfundo ndi cholumikizira cha petal ndi tsinde). Tsinde la phesi lingakhale ndi magawo awiri, pomwe kudula kwapamwamba kuyenera kuwongoka.
Tcherani khutu! Zodulidwa za mbewu zambiri zapakhomo (makamaka milkweed) zimayenera kusungidwa patebulo kwakanthawi, kuti ziume. Koma ndi petunia, ndizosiyana: nthambi zikadzadulidwa, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Ngati ziwonongeka, ndizokayikitsa kuyenda mtsogolo. Phula lodulidwa limasungidwa kwa pafupifupi maola atatu.
Ampelny petunias: nthawi ndi momwe mungabzalire
Kuti mubzale bwino mitengo, muyenera kupangira zinthu zina:
Migwirizano yokonza cuttings
Malinga ndi alimi odziwa bwino zam'munda, pofalitsa mbewu mu February-Marichi, mbewu ya chiberekero iyenera kukonzedwa nthawi yotentha. Kuti muchite izi, kumapeto kwa Ogasiti amachita izi ndi mayi mowa: kudula mphukira zakale pachitsamba, kenako kukumba dothi ndikuyika ndikuwabzala mumtsuko woyenerera (pafupifupi 20 cm), omwe amawaika m'chipinda chofunda kuti dzinja ndi chisanu zisawononge mbewu.
Kubzala masiku ozika mizu
Bzalani mumiphika
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti duwa limawonedwa ngati lopatsa chidwi, chifukwa ndizosatheka kufalitsa mwachangu kufesa poyera. Mbeu zazing'ono kwambiri zimangofunika pakulima mmera zokha. Petunia ndiwopindulitsa pazamalembedwe ka dziko lapansi, ndi ku nthawi ya kufesa.
Tcherani khutu! Poyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha kufa kwa mmera, chifukwa chake musadere nkhawa izi.
Ma Petunias amalimbana ndi tizirombo tina tambiri, koma pali matenda ena omwe angawakhudze:
- Ngati chitsamba chidagundidwa ndi kangaude, ndiye kuti kangaude wowonekera kumaonekera pamalowo, zomwe zimayambitsa makwinya ndikuwuma masamba;
- mphukira (tizirombo tating'onoting'ono tamtundu wakuda) zimakhudza chomeracho maluwa. Ochulukira ndi masamba a petunias amadwala;
- aphid ndiyowopsa kwambiri, imakhudza chomera chonse. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, ndiye kuti duwa limamwalira kwathunthu mu nthawi yochepa;
- kupanga kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mothandizidwa ndi njira zapadera zamankhwala zomwe zimawononga mosavuta tizirombo. Kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizowo.
Mitundu ina ya petunias ndiyosowa. Koma posamalira moyenera komanso feteleza wosalekeza, mutha kubzala zitsamba zokongola ndi manja anu. Kwa kubereka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zilizonse zomwe tafotokozazi. Padzakhala zotayika, popanda izi mwanjira iliyonse, koma zambiri zimakula ndipo m'chilimwe zidzakondweretsa ndi maluwa ambiri.
