Sisolina begonia - chomera chokongola cha herbaceous cha mtundu wa Begonian. Chikhalidwe chimakula makamaka monga ampelnaya.
Zili mu nyumba zogona komanso zaofesi, m'nyengo yozizira maluwa m'miphika kapena kupachikidwa miphika. Begonia - maluwa omvera m'nyumba. Ndikusamala bwino, idzaphuka kwa nthawi yayitali ndi fluffy.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi mbiri komanso zochitika za zomera, momwe mungabzalidwe ndi kusamalira, komanso za matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zingatheke m'nkhani yathu.
Mbiri ndi zofotokozera za zomera
Paulendo wa sayansi kupita ku Antilles, katswiri wina wazitsamba wa ku France, Charles Plumier, adayamba kupeza begonia. Dzina la chomeracho chinali kulemekeza Michel Begone, wokonzekera ulendo.
Sisolina begonia - osatha shrub ndi mphukira zosatha. Masamba ndi akulu ndi owala, ovan-oblong, akuwonekera pamwamba. Maluwa amodzimodzi ndi kugonana pakati ndi mamita awiri ndi theka. Ali m'magulu. Maluwa omveka: chilimwe, autumn ndi nyengo yozizira.
Maonekedwe ndi zinthu
Masamba osakanikirana okhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 12 ndi ofanana ndi begonias. Mtundu ndi wobiriwira (bluish) kumbali imodzi ndi pabuka kumzake.
Makhalidwe:
- Maluwawo amasonkhanitsidwa mumapiri opanda masamba.
- Kusinkhasinkha kwa maluwa: kuchokera ku zofiira zofiira mpaka kumatulo ofiira.
- Kuthamanga kochepa kwambiri.
Kutsegula begonia kukulimbikitsidwa kuti ukhale wamkulu mnyumbamo popanga madengu kapena miphika. Chomera mosavuta zimafalitsidwa tsinde stem cuttings.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji?
Kuunikira ndi malo
Sisolina begonias amafuna kuwala kowala.
Chenjerani! Maluwa sangathe kusungidwa dzuwa lotseguka. Masamba amatenthedwa.
Kutseka dzuwa, mawindo a mawindo ndi gauze, nsalu kapena akhungu. M'nthawi yozizira, chikhalidwe chimaonekera pamalo amdima kwa kanthaŵi kochepa m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Ikani miphika ya maluwa, makamaka kummawa ndi kum'mwera-kumadzulo zenera. Lolani shading mwamphamvu sangathe. Masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikasu.
Zofunikira Pansi
Dothi losakaniza la begonias liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi komanso lotayirira. Chitsulo chodzala chingagulidwe mwakonzeka kapena kuchipanga nokha.
Malo abwino kwambiri a nthaka:
- mchenga - gawo limodzi;
- tsamba lapansi - magawo awiri;
- peat - magawo awiri;
- zida - magawo awiri;
- humus lapansi - magawo 4.
Ku zigawo zikuluzikulu mungathe kuwonjezera nthaka ya coniferous. Mbendera ya begonias iyenera kukhala yaying'ono kapena yopanda ndale.
Mphamvu
Mphika umasankhidwa si wovuta kwambiri, koma wochuluka. Zida zilibe kanthu: dothi, pulasitiki kapena keramiki. Mabowo oyendera ayenera kupanga pansi.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji?
Kubzala mbewu zomwe zinachitika kumapeto kwa February. Nthawi yotsiriza - pakati pa March. Kufesa kumachitika mabokosi a mbewu.
Ndondomeko:
- Chomera chimayikidwa mu gawo lokonzekera, ndikukankhira pang'ono m'nthaka. Powder pamwamba sikofunika.
- Chophimba chapamwamba ndi pulasitiki kapena galasi.
- Mabokosi okhala ndi mbande amaikidwa m'chipinda chabwino kwambiri chokhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 20-24.
Kuwombera kudzawonekera masiku pafupifupi 10-20. Mbande imatuluka pambuyo pa masiku 30-45 mu miphika yotsalira.
Chisamaliro
Kutentha ndi chinyezi
Kwa begonia ya insulating wosanjikiza, kutentha ulamuliro ayenera kukhala ochepa: pafupifupi 18-20 madigiri Celsius.
Zomwe zimakhala zochepa pa nyengo yozizira sizomwe zosachepera + madigiri 15.
Sisole begonias - amakonda mpweya wozizira. Pofuna kusunga chinyezi nthawi zonse zimayambitsa mpweya kuzungulira zomera. Mthunzi suyenera kugwera pa masamba.
M'chipinda chimene ma begonias ali, mlingo wa chinyezi umasungidwa mkati mwa 60%.
Kutentha, amapereka chinyezi china: maluwawo amaikidwa m'matope akuluakulu odzaza ndi mchenga, peat, kapena mvula yonyowa. Chikhalidwe chimafuna mpweya wabwino, choncho chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira. Muzikhalidwe, chitukuko cha begonias bwino.
Kuthirira
Kuthirira nthawi zonse, makamaka pa nthawi yomweyo. M'nyengo yozizira amamwetsa kwambiri, m'nyengo yozizira ndi yochepa - malinga ndi muyeso wa kuyanika kwa pamwamba pa nthaka. Kubwezeretsedwa kumalo sikuloledwa - duwa ikhoza kuvila imvi.
Kusamba madzi:
- Onetsetsani kuti madzi amachokera m'mabowo a madzi.
- Pewani chinyezi pa masamba. Mabala a Brown amawapanga.
- Mkaka wa ulimi wothirira umatha kukhazikika: wophika kapena wosankhidwa.
- Madzi ayenera kukhala kutentha.
Begonias sangathe kusakanizidwa ndi madzi ozizira.
Feteleza
Dyetsa begonia begonia mosamala kwambiri. Kulinganiza bwino ndizoyenera kuti izi zikhale bwino.
Zomwe zimadyetsa:
- Manyowa 1 nthawi pa mwezi.
- Pa nthawi yopuma (m'nyengo yozizira) chakudya ngati mukufunikira.
- M'chaka cha manyowa panthawi ya kukula kwakukulu ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi phosphorus ndi potaziyamu.
- Kawiri pachaka mukhoza kupanga organic.
Chenjerani! Sungagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa sizolistnoy begonia begya ndi nayitrogeni wokhutira. Izi zimayambitsa kukula kwa masamba ndi kuchotsa masamba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Matenda wamba
Chifukwa chosanyalanyaza malamulo a chisamaliro, begonia angadwale. Pakukula mbewu zobiriwira, amalima a maluwa amakumana ndi mavuto angapo:
- Nsonga za masamba zimatembenuza bulauni ndi kugwa. Chifukwa: kutsika kwa mpweya chinyezi ndi kusowa kwa madzi pansi.
Kuchiza: kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chili pa mlingo woyenera komanso kusintha madzi okwanira.
- Tsamba la tsamba limatuluka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala.
Yankho la vutoli: kusuntha chomera ku malo abwino.
- Mapangidwe a bowa chifukwa cha chinyezi chochuluka mu kutsika kwake.
Kuchiza: kuchotsani malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuchitira maluwa ndi fungicides.
- Powdery mildew ndi matenda wamba a begonias. Masambawa ali ndi maluwa oyera. Chifukwa - kutentha kolakwika ndi mpweya wouma.
Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, maluwa amachiritsidwa ndi 1% yothetsera sulfure yamchere.
Tizilombo
Sisolina begonias amakhudza nthata za akangaude, ngati chipinda ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri. Acaricidal wothandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kupopera mbewuzo kumachitika kunja kutseguka ndi malamulo a chitetezo.
The herbaceous chikhalidwe akuukira ndi aphid. Mankhwala amtunduwu adzakuthandizani kuchotsa tizilombo: tilimbikitseni njira yothetsera fodya masana ndikuyesa malo a tizilombo. Zowonjezera zimakonzedwa mu chiŵerengero cha magalamu 20 a shag pa lita imodzi ya madzi.
Zinthu zoberekera
Njira yodziwikiratu ya kubereka befonies ndi wonyenga - Kuphatikizidwa kumapeto kwa mphukira za apical. Kuchita izi, kudula phesi 7-8 cm ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu. Gwiritsani ntchito kuchotsa hafu yapamwamba yodulidwa. Malo amadula owazidwa ndi makala.
Zochitika zina:
- Phunje limapangidwa mu mphika ndi gawo lapansi.
- Ikani phesi ndikuzama kwa masamba.
- Chophimba chapamwamba ndi botolo la pulasitiki.
Patatha mwezi umodzi, masamba atsopano amawonekera.
Begonia ikhoza kukula kuchokera tsamba kapena gawo lake. Sankhani tsamba labwinobwino ndikugawa magawo angapo kuti aliyense akhale ndi mitsempha 2-3. Zidazi zimayikidwa pamchenga wouma ndipo zophimbidwa ndi cellophane kapena polyethylene filimu.
Pamene masamba aang'ono akuwonekera, iwo pang'onopang'ono amazoloŵera ku chipinda cha mpweya, kuchotsa chivundikirocho. Pamene mbande zikukula, zimabzalidwa miphika.
Bushy begonias kubereka rhizomes. Kuti muchite izi, duwa limatulutsidwa mu thanki, mizu imakanizidwa m'madzi pang'ono. Onetsetsani mogawa magawo kuti akhale ndi mphukira kapena mphukira. Mdulidwewu umachizidwa ndi mafuta a malasha. Chifukwa chodzala zakuthupi chimayikidwa miphika ndi kuthirira.
Choncho, sizingakhale zovuta kukula ndi kusamalira sizolist begonia. Kwa duwa, kuunikira kumawathandiza kwambiri - kuyenera kukhala kowala, koma pang'ono. Kuthirira kumapereka moyenera. Kutentha kwa nthaka saloledwa. Chikhalidwe cha zitsamba chikongoletsa nyumba ndikupereka chisangalalo chabwino, ngati mutatsatira malangizo omwe ali pamwambawa.
