Kufotokozera - duwa labwino, la banja la a Gesneriev. Zithunzi zoyesedwa bwino, zachomera, zamaluwa zowala, zimakhala zowala. Mphamvu "zamatsenga" za maluwa owala amakhala ndi malongosoledwe asayansi. Villi ya masamba imasinthitsa mitsinje ya kuwalako kuchokera ku gwero. Mwanjira ina, kuunikiridwa kumaonekera pa nthawi yomweyo komwe kunachokera.
Masamba owonda amapatsa mbewuyo chidwi chapadera. Pamene masamba akale amawuma, masamba angapo achichepere - ana, akuwonekera kale pansi pa tsinde. Ndipo likukonzekera kuti chivundikiro chosasinthika chimapanga mafotokozedwe nthawi zonse.
Zikuwoneka bwanji
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Mafotokozedwe amatanthauza zakukula kwa herbaceous perennials wokhala ndi mizu ya fibrous. Masamba, omwe amakongoletsedwa ndi ulusi wamtengo wapatali wamasiliva, amakhala pamtengo wofupikitsa.
Chomera chimafalikira ndi masharubu - zokwawa mphukira. Nthaka "yokondedwa" ya malongosoledwewo ndi nthaka, peat ndi mchenga wosakanizidwa ndi 3: 2: 1.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mphukira:
- kurguzye ndi masamba osakanikirana;
- achisomo, owonda, okwera ndimalo amwana wamkazi.
Masamba ofotokozerako ndi akulu, amodzimodzi pamlingo, nthawi zina ovate. Masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana akhoza kukhala makwinya, velvety-pubescent kapena chonyezimira, kubiriwira maolivi, bulau lamkuwa kapena siliva wamtundu, wokhala ndi mitsempha yamtundu kapena wobiriwira ndi mawonekedwe amkuwa kapena siliva.
Zambiri! Pali mitundu yambiri ya hybrids, yodziwika ndi masamba achilendo. Imatha kukhala ya bulawuni ya chokoleti, ya rasipiberi yokhala ndi ma siliva siliva, wobiriwira wopepuka ndi zotengera zoyera ndi zamakholi, zofiirira zokhala ndi mitsempha ya pinki.
Maluwa
Maluwa amitundu yonse ya mafotokozedwe amapangidwa mu ax ax masamba. Ndiwocheperako, tubular, okongola kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pawekha, amakhala ndi ma stamen anayi. Maluwa a Corollas amapaka utoto woyera, ofiira, wachikaso, wagolide komanso wapinki.
Kunyumba, zokongoletsera zamaluwa ofiira zimamera bwino. Mwina ndichifukwa chake amalima maluwa amatcha mbewuyi kuti yamoto. Kuthengo, maluwa amatulutsa chikaso, choyera ndi lalanje. Maluwa amtundu wa hybrid amatha kukhala lalanje wowala, lavenda wabuluu ndi kirimu wowala.
Tcherani khutu! Nthawi yamaluwa yonse ndi nthawi yotentha komanso yoyambilira.
Malo ogawa
Kwawo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafotokozedwe - nkhalango zotentha za South ndi Central America. Chomera chimatha kuwoneka m'dera la Antilles, ku Colombia, Mexico ndi Brazil, m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu.
Zofunika! Kufotokozera kwamkati - chomera chosalemekeza. Itha kumera ndikukula pansi pa kuunikira kochita kupanga. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yozizira masana maola amakhala pafupifupi maola 12. Kuwala, ngakhale kupanga zinthu zolimbitsa thupi, kumalimbitsa mbewuyo, ndikuwonjezera moyo wake. Chipindacho chimatha kumera pawindo ladzuwa ndi mpweya chinyezi cha 50% kapena kuchepera.
Malinga ndi buku lina, kuunikira kowala kwambiri kumakhudza kukula kwa masamba - amasandulika pang'ono, ang'ono, kapenanso kusiya kukula.
Malangizo apadera
Chipinda chomwe mawindo ake akuyang'ana kumpoto, mafotokozedwewo amatha kuyikidwa mu gawo lililonse la windowsill. Ngati zenera likuyang'ana kum'mawa, limamva bwino pakona yolondola pazenera. Ndi chomera chakumadzulo kwawindo, wodziyimira maluwa akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti poto wamaluwa ngodya kumanzere.
Mawindo a zenera loyang'ana kumwera ndiye malo abwino kwambiri. Pakanapanda njira ina, malongosoledwewo ayenera kukhala mumphika wamaluwa wokhala ndi khoma pamalo otetezeka kuchokera pazenera, mamita 2-3 adzakhala okwanira.
Iyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu ndiyodalira kuwunika.
Amakhulupirira kuti kutentha kosavuta kwambiri pofotokozera ndi 18-20 ° C usiku ndi 22-27 ° C masana.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu
Kufotokozera kwa Tiger Stripe kumakula pang'onopang'ono, kumasinthika bwino m'malo owuma komanso amatulutsa kwambiri ngati kuyenera kukhala mu nyumba yopanda magetsi.
Mzere wa Tiger
Duwa limafanana kwambiri ndi kufotokozera kwa Tigrovaya, komwe kufalikira kwambiri ku Moscow. Mutha kusiyanitsa chomera chilichonse ndi masamba. Masamba a Tiger Stripes ndiocheperako ndi timiyala tasiliva, ndipo duwa la Moscow limabooleredwa ndi mitsempha yagolide.
Kuwala kumpoto
Episcia Northern Light (Aurora Borealis) ndi wosakanizidwa wa mkuwa wa Episcia. Masamba obiriwira a mtengowo amaphimbidwa ndi siliva ndipo amaphatikizidwa ndi madontho a bulauni. Maunikulopu aku North Lights ali ndi utoto wofiirira.
Mtundu wa Emerald Velvet uli ndi masamba akuluakulu, amtundu wa masamba a emerald-pey, wokhala ndi zodzikongoletsera zamafuta a maolivi. Kufotokozera Emerald Velvet limamasula ndi maluwa osalimba a lilac okhala ndi maziko oyera. Kutali, maluwa a chomera amawoneka abuluu.
Kafotokozedwe kakang'ono kofotokozera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Siliva zakuthambo kumatha kuzindikiridwa ndi kuphatikizira kwasiliva komwe kumapezeka m'malo ena amashiti obiriwira a chomera ndi mitundu yowala ya carmine hue.
Tcherani khutu! Siliva yazulu nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi thupi.
Kutanthauzira kwa Luther kapena Blue Nile ndi kuphatikiza modabwitsa kwamtambo wamtambo wa lavenda wokhala ndi chikasu chamaluwa akuluakulu ndi masamba obiriwira otuwa. Mitsempha yapakati pa tsamba lililonse imakongoletsedwa ndi mzere wamtambo wobiriwira maolivi.
Strawberry Patch, Strawberry Haze - wotchedwa wosakanizidwa gawo la kufotokoza Strawberry Patch. Masamba ang'onoting'ono a chomera amapaka utoto wofiirira. Pa maluwa, imakutidwa ndi maluwa ofiira omwe ali ndi chikasu chachikasu.
Timapepala ta Jim Bodnar (Jim's Red Trail) ndimtundu wakuda komanso maolivi akuda bii. Masamba ofiira a Red Trail amaboola ndi mauna ofiira. Maluwa a chomera chokongoletsera ichi amawoneka bwino kwambiri ngati malalanje ofiira kapena ofiira ofiira.
Siliva sheen
Siliva Sheen's Episcia Cupreata Hybrid. Limamasula ofiira. Masamba a chomeracho amakwinya, amapaka utoto wobiriwira ndi siliva ndipo amakongoletsa ndi ulalo wamtambo wamkuwa.
Masamba a Strawberry Mist ndi pinki. M'malo ena, kudzera pamtambo wapinki, kuwala kwa saladi kumawalira. Maluwa a Strawberry Mist amatha kukhala ofiira ndi koloko wa lalanje kapena lalanje wokhala ndi khosi lofiira.
Rasipiberi blush
Timapepala ta rasipiberi titha kukhala tondescript, wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi mitsempha kapena wonyezimira, owoneka bwino ndi mitsempha yofiirira. Amamasuka ofiira ndi chikasu pachikasu. Olima maluwa a Novice nthawi zina amasokoneza izi ndi Pink Panther.
Masamba akulu a My Precious amapaka utoto wobiriwira. Imakhala yowuma, yowala ndi buluu wonyezimira ndipo imakongoletsedwa ndi mitsempha ya siliva. Mtundu wachikasu wamaluwa a chomera umadzala pakhosi.
Maluwa a Sea Foam ndi a lalanje ndipo masamba ake ndi opepuka, akuluakulu, obiriwira siliva ndi utoto wapinki pakati komanso wofiyira kumapeto. Tsamba lililonse limapangidwa ndi kusintha kwakuda.
Velvety, masamba obiriwira obiriwira ofotokozera Aloha Mauna Loa okhala ndi mitsempha ya mayi wa peyala yowala ya pinki yowala bwino amatulutsa wobiriwira moyandikira pakati. Maluwa a chomera ndi red-lalanje ndi chikasu chikasu.
Masamba obiriwira amtundu wa Yellow Mist ndi ma pubescent pang'ono, ophimbidwa ndi siliva wokutira m'mphepete mwa chapakati. Pak maluwa, mmera umakutidwa ndi maluwa achikasu owala.
Zokongoletsa za Lilacina Viridis ndi velvet, fluffy, masamba obiriwira a emarodi, silvery pakatikati ndipo amaphatikizidwa ndi sergephe kumapeto. Maluwa amtunduwu ndi akulu, amtambo wabuluu wokhala ndi khosi lachikaso komanso m'maso mwake, m'magulu oyenda ndi clove.
Maluwa ofiira a coral ofiira a Ralie ndiwowonjezerapo modabwitsa pa masamba achokoleti, omwe amaboola mitsempha yobiriwira.
Malamulo Akusamalira Nyumba
Kufotokozera kumakhalabe kwathu kunyumba. Mphamvu za mbewu zam'nyumba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira zaka zitatu. Zonse zimatengera nyengo yomwe imakula. Duwa likafota, ndikosavuta kusinthanso m'malo kuti mutsitsimutse. Mwatsopano ndi kukongola, mukangosiya zamatsenga, sizibwerera.
Malamulo Osamalira
Tcherani khutu! Kuchulukitsa kwa khunyu wobisika kumadalira kukana kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso momwe mbewuyo ilimo. Nthawi zambiri, tsinde la malongosoledwe, limazika mizu mumphika, limasandukanso chitsamba chowala bwino kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Alimi a maluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa nthawi imodzi kuti abzale ambiri odulidwa ndi ana m'mbale imodzi kotero kuti chodzalacho chimaphimba dothi lonse.
Kusintha chitsamba chokhazikitsidwa kale komanso chakuzaza, wamaluwa amateur amachita m'njira zingapo:
- zodula zingapo zomwe zimatengedwa pamwamba pa chomera chokhwima zimabzalidwe mbale ina. Apulo odulidwa amayamba mizu mosavuta ndikukula msanga;
- kufalikira ndi masamba ophuka. Masamba azomera zonse za banja la Gesneriev amamera msanga. Zowona, pankhani yodulidwa ndi masamba, mbewuyo imamera nthawi yayitali kuposa pamene imayalidwa ndi kudula kwapang'onopang'ono. Masamba amayambira ndi kumiza kwa vermiculite kapena sphagnum m'madzi kapena mosakaniza. Tsamba lililonse liyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi kuti lisawonongeke nthawi.
Zofunika! Mukakonzanso malongosoledwewa mu zobiriwira, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti mapepala omizidwa mu kompositi amatha kuwonongeka pomwe kutentha mkati mwa greenhouse kukwera mpaka pakufika chizindikiro. Chifukwa chake, ambiri wamaluwa amakonda kumera mbewuzo kunja kwanyengo.
Zomera zodzala zobzalidwa zibzalidwe m'mipanda yayitali kapena yopingasa (mainchesi 15-30 cm). Kubzala zitha kuchitika mu dothi losakaniza:
- Choyamba, khola la sphagnum limayikidwa pansi pa chotengera, pambuyo pake zigawo za dothi, makala ndi sphagnum osinthika;
- nthaka yodzazidwa ndi mchenga.
Mpweya wouma umasokoneza tanthauzo. Makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto louma la microclimate ndi mitundu yomwe masamba ake amaphuka kwambiri. Omwe alimi ambiri, mosiyana ndi malingaliro awa, amakhulupirira kuti kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikosavomerezeka, popeza chinyezi chambiri, kulowa pamizu, chimayambitsa kuyambitsa njira zowonongeka. M'malo mwake, gawo limakonda njira zamadzi, koma osati ngati kusamba kwathunthu, koma kungochotsa fumbi lokhalidwa masamba ndi maluwa a chomera.
Alimi olima maluwa
Ogulitsa maluwa omwe amakonda kubereka epistemy manyowa zomera za mtundu uwu mwina ndi feteleza apadera a Gesnerievs, kapena manyowa wamba.
Malamulo Othirira
Kuthirira mbewu kumachitika kuti madzi akuuluka kuchokera kudzenje lomwe limapangidwa pansi pa mphika. Mafotokozedwewo amathiridwa madzi, atatha kuwonetsetsa kuti dothi lawuma bwino pambuyo pothirira kale.
M'chilimwe, nthawi yovomerezeka ya kuthirira ndi 1 nthawi yotalika masiku 2-4. Ngati zikuwoneka kuti chinyezi chambiri tadziunjikira mu pallet, zochulukirapo zimatsitsidwa, potero zimalepheretsa kuzola kwa mizu. Nthawi yomweyo onetsetsani kuti dongo louma silouma kwambiri.
M'miyezi yachisanu
M'miyezi yozizira, mmera uyenera kutetezedwa kuti usalembe, makamaka poyang'anira momwe mphikawo uli. Pa nthawi yotentha, mbewuyo imayenera kuchotsedwa mu magetsi.
Ndondomeko yothirira madzi m'nyengo yozizira zimatengera kutentha kwa chipinda. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limathiridwa madzi kuyambira kamodzi mpaka katatu pa sabata.
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa aluso amalimbikitsa anzawo omwe alibe nzeru kuti akane kupopera zinthuzo. Popita nthawi, njira zamadzi, mwachidziwikire, zidzakhala chizolowezi ndikukhala mwambo. Koma, poyambira, woyamba ayenera kuzindikira chomera, kumva kuti ... Kudzula msanga mosayenera kungapangitse kuti masamba awonongeke, awonongeke, kapena mavuto ena.
Ili ndiye phukusi lokhalamo maluwa okhwima. Mwambiri, amakhala wopanda chidwi posamalira ndipo samayambitsa mavuto.
