Pakati pazomera zamkati pali maluwa ambiri odabwitsa. Milozo ya Ehmeya amatanthauza oyimira kunja. Imaberekana mosavuta ndipo sikutanthauza chisamaliro chapadera. Pazonse, pali mitundu yoposa 300 ya mbewu, koma ndi mitundu yokhayo yomwe imaberekedwa kunyumba.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Echmea ndi wa banja la Bromeliad. Mwachilengedwe, imatha kupezeka ku South ndi Central America. Mitundu ina imadziphatika ku mitengo ikuluikulu ya mbewu zina, koma osavulaza wovalayo. Masamba amalumikizidwa ndi malo ogulitsira, amatha kumveka kapena kumeta.
Pakatikati pa maluwa, paduncle yayitali yapinki imawonekera, pambuyo pake imwalira.
Kodi duwa la ehmea limawoneka bwanji?
Panyumba, pali mitundu ingapo yaulimi:
- fasciata ndiye echmea wotchuka kwambiri. Masamba ndi opapatiza komanso aatali, ophatikizidwa mu rosette, wopaka utoto wowoneka bwino ndi wobiriwira. The inflorescence amafika masentimita 30, ndipo anawo amakula pazinthu zokwawa;
- chithunzicho chimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 65. Masamba ndi wandiweyani komanso wopindika, duwa ndi lofiirira;
- wotupa, kapena Aechmea Fulgens - wodziletsa kwambiri m'banjamo. Kutalika kwa pepala sikupitirira 6 cm, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 40 cm.Mphepete mumakongoletsedwa ndi mano ang'onoang'ono, gawo lakunja limapakidwa utoto. Ehmea wotuwa umasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosadziwika - yofiira ndi topu yabuluu;
- Weilbach - masamba ndi achikopa ndi ofewa, ofikira masentimita 50. Mtundu wa mbale ndi wobiriwira, womwe pang'onopang'ono umasandulika kukhala wofiyira.
- mizere iwiri yomwe ili ndi minga m'mphepete mwa masamba. Kutalika kwa mbale sikupitirira 3 cm, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 50. The peduncle amafika kutalika kwa 60 cm, ndipo maluwa enieniwo amakhala ndi lilac okhala ndi owala owala;
- lopindika limadziwika ndi masamba opapatiza omwe amakula limodzi kukhala timachubu. M'mphepete mwake mumakongoletsedwa ndi zingwe zazing'ono. Maluwa ndi ofiira owala;
- shaggy imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu, omwe amafika kutalika kwa mita 1. Mphepete ndizovala bwino. Duwa limakhala lachikaso ndi mabulangeti ofiira.
Echmea fasciata, kunyezimira, mwachitsanzo ndi mitundu ina imafuna chisamaliro chofanana. Izi ndi mbewu zojambula bwino zomwe zingamveke bwino pazenera lakumadzulo ndi kum'mawa.
Zofunika! Maluwa ayenera kuvekedwa kuchokera ku dzuwa lotentha, chifukwa angayambitse kuyaka.
M'miyezi yotentha, mphika ungayikidwe kukhonde. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunikira kowonjezerapo kumafunikira. Chitsanzo cha Ehmeya wopanda kuwala chikuyamba kuzimiririka.
Maluwa ndi chizindikiro cha kulengedwa kwa zinthu zoyenera.
Kutentha kwa nyengo yotentha kuyenera kukhala mozungulira 25 ° C, kuzizira - 20 ° C. Chomera chimakonda mpweya wabwino, chifukwa chipinda chomwe chiwombacho chikuyang'ana chimafunikira kuti chizikhala chowongolera.
Zida zakuthirira
Mwachilengedwe, duwa amatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zotentha, choncho amakonda chinyezi. Echmea fasciata (Aechmea Fasciata) amakonda kuthirira osati dziko lapansi, komanso zigawo. Chifukwa chake, madzi amathiridwa mosamala mu gawo la masamba.
M'chilimwe, kamodzi pamwezi, chomera chamkati chimatsukidwa pang'ono pofunda. M'nyengo yozizira, malo ogulitsira sangathe kuthiriridwa, nthaka yokha. Chinyezi chowonjezera chimachotsedwa pa pallet.
Tcherani khutu! Ehmey amathiridwa magazi nthawi zonse kuchokera ku botolo la utsi. Mu nyengo yotentha, zida zamadzi zimayikidwa pafupi ndi mphika. Chinyezi chitha kutulutsa ndi kuteteza kuwuma kwa mpweya.
Kusamalidwa kwa Ehmeya kunyumba sikutanthauza zovuta. Ndikokwanira kuyika mphikawo pamalo owala, kutali ndi zokongoletsa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtunduwu imakonda kwambiri kutentha.
Kutchera ndi kufalikira
Chomera chachikulire chimakhala ndi mizu yofooka, motero sichodzulidwa. Achinyamata ehmeya amafunikira njirayi chaka chilichonse, ndipo ndibwino kuzichita mchaka.
Pangani zophweka kunyumba. Ndikokwanira kutenga poto yocheperako, koma yotakata, kukhetsa ndi gawo lapansi la Bromeliads. Dothi limatha kukonzedwa palokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusakaniza sphagnum, mchenga, makungwa a paini ndi kupindika kwa nyanga mu magawo ofanana.
Zofunika! Powonjezera kasha pang'ono kumalepheretsa nkhungu.
Njira yodzipatsira yokha ndi yosavuta. Denga lamadzi lakhazikitsidwa pansi pamphika. Monga momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito njerwa yosweka. Gawo laling'ono limatsanuliridwa pamwamba ndipo chomera chimayikidwamo.
Mukamayika, muyenera kupenda mosamala mizu ya ecmea
Mizu yovunda kapena youma imayenera kuchotsedwa, malo odulidwa amawazidwa makala ndi makala. Pambuyo pamera madziwo ndi madzi ofunda.
Kuswana
Omwe ali ndi maluwa odziwa maluwa sachita chidwi ndi momwe angayang'anire bwino duwa la echmea, ambiri amafuna kufalitsa zitsanzo zawo. Njira yosavuta ndiyo mphukira. Pambuyo maluwa, mphukira payokha imawonekera pamtengowo, womwe wakula ndi mizu.
Mphukira imadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, malowo amawaza ndi makala ndikuuma. Kenako mphukira imabzalidwa pansi, kuthiriridwa ndikukhala ndi chinyezi chambiri.
Mphukira ndiosavuta kudzipatula, imamera msanga m'nthaka yatsopano
Kufalikira kwa ehmei kutha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu. Zitha kugulidwa pasitolo. Mbewu isanabzalidwe chanyowa mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, ndipo pambuyo pa tsiku imayikidwa mu peat.
Mbande zimapezeka pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Chisamaliro chodziwika bwino cha echmea kuchokera ku mbewu ndikusunga chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha mkati mwa 25 ° C. Mutha kupanga chimbudzi chaching'ono kuchokera ku thumba la pulasitiki kapena mtsuko wagalasi.
Zinthu zamaluwa
Milozo ehmea yomwe ili ndi miyala imafunika chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba. Pokhapokha popewa malo oyenera omwe mbewuyo ingasangalatse mwini wake ndi maonekedwe ake, makamaka inflorescence zazikulu komanso zowala.
Ehmeya ndi chakupha, motero muyenera kusungira mphika nawo kuti ana asawafikire. Mwana amatha kukopeka ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, ndipo amayesa kusankha tsamba. Mukamadula kapena kudulira, munthu adzafunika magolovesi a mphira.
Zofunika! Ngati madzi afika pakhungu, malowo amasambitsidwa kwambiri ndi madzi ofunda ndi sopo.
Ehmea limamasula kamodzi kokha m'moyo ndipo izi zimachitika pongoganiza zachikulire. Sikuti nthawi zonse wamaluwa amadziwa chifukwa chake chomera sichimabala zipatso.
Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limakhala m'malo osavomerezeka. Kuwala kochulukirapo kapena kuchepa kwake, kutentha kosayenera kumatha kubweretsa kuti echema siphulike.
Mphika wawukulu usowereranso pankhaniyi. Kenako chomera chimakula mwachangu mizu, osati masamba.
Ehmei ali ndi maluwa okongola komanso owala omwe amakopa chidwi nthawi yomweyo
Omwe alimi amagwiritsa ntchito zidule zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingathandize kuti mbewuyo ichimbe. Mutha kupanga kusiyana kwa kutentha ndikuyika mphika pamalo abwino. Kapangidwe kakang'ono ka calcium kamayikidwa m'malo ogulitsira, omwe adzalimbikitsa maluwa.
Mavuto ndi mawonekedwe a inflorescence amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda kapena tizirombo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kupenda mosamala ehmeya zowola, nsikidzi, mawanga a bulauni ndi mavuto ena. Mukazindikira zinthu ngati izi, mbewuyo imathandizidwa m'njira zapadera.
Ehmeya safuna chisamaliro chapadera, chimakhala chodzikweza kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuyika kwanyumba kotere ndikoyenera kwa oyamba kumene oyamba. Miphika imatha kuyikidwa osati kunyumba, komanso kuofesi.
