Kuphatikiza pa mitengo yazipatso wamba, wamaluwa ambiri amatembenukira ku mitundu yazipatso ndi mitundu. Mwachitsanzo, masiku ano ambiri akuyesera kulima nkhuyu m'munda mwawo. Njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri, ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yoyenera ndikudziwa bwino mbali zonse za chisamaliro. Chifukwa chake, mutu wankhani zamasiku ano ndi nkhuyu, chisamaliro ndi kulima kutchire, kudulira, luso lodzala ndi zidule zingapo zazing'ono kuchokera kwa iwo omwe adakula kale mabulosi avinyo.
Nkhuyu ku Central Russia
Pali mitundu ingapo ya nkhuyu padziko lapansi. Mwa izi, mutha kusankha zomwe zimera ku Central Russia. Kuchepa kochepa chabe kokubereka zipatso kukhumudwitsa. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti chifukwa cha mungu wamaluwa amaluwa mumafuna alimi a mavu. Ndipo amakhala kudera linalake. Koma pali njira yotulukira - ndikofunikira kubzala ndikukula mitundu yopukuta mungu.
Kulima kunja kwa nkhuyu
Gawo liti?
Kuti athane ndi vuto la nkhuyu kufalikira kumadera amenewa ku Russia komwe wolimako mavu samakhalira, obereketsa amabzala mitundu ya nkhuyu yomwe imadzilimbitsa yokha.
Masiku ano pali ambiri a iwo:
- Dalmatia
- Nikitsky;
- Wofiirira wa Abkhazian;
- Wopanda mlandu;
- Shuisky;
- Grey kumayambiriro;
- Brown Turkey ndi ena.
Wamaluwa m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia amakonda nkhuyu za Dalmatia, kulima komwe sikubweretsa mavuto. Zipatso zake ndizabwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza apo, zimalekerera kutentha kwambiri. Amamva bwino kwambiri ngakhale kuchepa kwa ntchito mpaka 15th C.
Zokolola zazikulu kwambiri zimapangidwa pa mphukira za zaka 3-4. Pafupifupi, zipatso zimalemera kuchokera ku 150 mpaka 200 g, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a asymmetric komanso mtundu wa chikasu.
Dalmatia wa mkuyu
Hardiness yozizira kwambiri imadziwika ndi Brown Turkey. Imatha kupirira kuzizira kwakanthawi kochepa mpaka 20 ° ะก. Zipatso zochuluka. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa ndi peyala mpaka 100 g.
Zoyenera mzere wapakati ndi nkhuyu za Crimea. Zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi utoto wofiirira komanso zolemera mpaka g 100. Kubzala kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri mu Crimea, Stavropol ndi Krasnodar Territories, koma amathanso kubzalidwe pakati panjira ndi m'matauni kuti mupeze zipatso zokoma. Koma kuswana ku Siberia nthawi zambiri kumakhala kulephera - ndibwino kusankha mitundu ina.
Zambiri podzala nkhuyu
Musanalime nkhuyu m'munda, muyenera kuzidziwa bwino ndi ma nuances onse. Tiyenera kuyesetsa kupanga zotumphukira zomwe zili pafupi ndi zina wamba. Ndizovuta, makamaka nthawi yozizira. Upangiri wakubzala ndi kusamalira akatswiri a nkhuyu uzithandiza kusunga mmera, ndipo pamapeto pake zimatha kukolola.
Madeti obzala zipatso
Udindo waukulu umachitika pachitukuko cholondola cha kutchire nthawi yakubzala. Muyenera kuyesetsa kuwatsatira.
Kubzala nkhuyu kumalimbikitsidwa kumapeto kwa Epulo, kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Kukhazikika nyengo yofunda ikakhazikitsidwa ndikuwopsezedwa kwa chisanu chamadzulo kudutsa.
Yang'anani! Ndikofunika kuti mugule mbande pasadakhale ndi kuwabzala m'nthaka nthawi yomweyo nyengo ikakhala yabwino.
Kukonzekera kwa kusakaniza kwa nthaka pobzala nkhuyu panthaka
Asanadzalemo nkhuyu poyera, ndikofunikira kukonza dothi. Chomera sichosankha momwe dothi limakhalira, koma limakula bwino ngati likhala ndi michere yambiri.
Mukakonzekera phwando lodzala, nthaka imasankhidwa ndikusakanikirana ndi organic kanthu - manyowa, kompositi kapena humus. Kenako osakaniza amatumizidwanso kudzenje, ndikupanga mpira wosakanizika pafupifupi masentimita 20. Mpumulo umadzazidwa mutabzala.
Kukonzekera koyambirira kwa dothi musanadzalemo nkhuyu
Tekinoloje yobzala nkhuyu mu maenje
Malo obzala nkhuyu amasankhidwa kuti atsekedwe. Asanabzala nkhuyu mdzikolo, dzenje limakonzedweratu. Izi ndizofunikira poyambira kugwiritsa ntchito michere.
Zofunika! Akatswiri amalangiza mukadzala mbewu zingapo kuti mukonze ngalande, osati maenje pobzala aliyense payokha.
Kubzala chomera chimodzi, konzani zodzaza ndi kutalika kwa 1.5 × 1 m, ndi kuya kwa 0.6 - 0,8 m.
Kutsanulira pansi:
- superphosphate - 200 g;
- feteleza wa potashi kapena phulusa lamatabwa - 200 g.
Wophatikizidwa wachonde wosakaniza 20 cm umathiridwa pamtunda, ndikupanga mulu pakati. Kenako ikani chogwirira mwakuti mizu yake imakhazikikanso pamtengo ndikuyamba kugona ndi dothi. Osakaniza mozungulira mmera umapangidwa bwino ndikuthirira madzi ambiri.
Zinthu zikukula
Mutabzala, chomera chaching'ono chimafuna chisamaliro mwadongosolo. Choyamba, kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kochuluka kumaperekedwa.
Momwe mungathiritsire nkhuyu mutabzala? Ndikofunikira kuthira madzi okwanira malita asanu mpaka asanu ndi atatu kamodzi pa sabata pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Zonena zakale zimathiridwa pang'ono, koma nthawi imodzi zimakwera mpaka malita 10.
Zofunika! Palibe chifukwa choti nthaka iyenera kuloledwa kupukuta. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka mu kukoma kwa chipatso.
Njira iliyonse yothirira, nthaka ikauma pang'ono, ndikofunikira kumasula bedi. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kwambiri pakucha zipatso. Nthawi yomaliza kuthiriridwa nthaka mutakolola. Njirayi imakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa mbewuyo kuzizira chisanu nthawi yozizira.
Momwe mungatetezere nkhuyu
Kuphatikiza pa kuthirira nthawi zonse, nkhuyu monga zakudya zophatikiza ndi michere.
Pali nthawi zingapo pomwe feteleza akulimbikitsidwa:
- Feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndiomwe mungadyetse nkhuyu kumapeto kwa chakhumi, muzaka khumi zoyambirira zikukula. Amatha kuwonjezera kukula kwa zobiriwira zambiri.
- Mu Julayi, nthawi yakwana ma phosphates, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale mazira azipatso.
- Pazaka khumi zapitazi zomwe zikukula, zinthu za nayitrogeni sizimayikidwa, ndikuyang'ana feteleza wa potashi, ndikuthandizira kukulitsa nkhuni.
- Nthawi ndi nthawi, nthawi 1 kwa miyezi iwiri, manyowa pa pepalalo ndi yankho lovuta.
Zofunika! Pofuna kupewa kuyaka kwa mizu, musanadyetse nkhuyu, tchire limathirira madzi ambiri.
Kusamalira nkhuyu nthawi yophuka isanakwane (zaka ziwiri zoyambirira)
Kusamalira koyamba ma tchire sikusiyana ndi kukula mbande zazing'ono za zipatso zina.
Zili ndi zazikulu:
- Munthawi komanso madzi okwanira.
- Dyetsani pafupipafupi.
- Chotsa korona ndi mbewu mu kasupe.
- Konzekerani nthawi yachisanu, malo ogona chisanu.
Poyamba, kudula pakati pa achinyamata ndikofunikira. Osamadzaza chomera pomwe mizu yake ikutukuka. Ndikokwanira kusiya masamba anayi achichepere mpaka theka la mita kutalika.
Kusamalira mwana wang'ono wamkuyu
Kudulira kwathunthu kumachitika pambuyo pa mwezi umodzi masamba atachotsedwa. Mukamachita izi, onetsetsani kuti palibe stumps zomwe zatsalira. Nthambi zimachotsedwa pansi pomwe.
Kupanga kwa korona ndi kudula
Mfundo yofunika pazaka ziwiri zoyambirira ndi njira yopangira korona. Pali njira ziwiri:
- Sitampu. Zoyenera kukhala zitsamba zobzalidwa zigawo ndi nyengo yofunda.
- Chimunthu. Zabwino kwa mbewu zomwe zimamera kumpoto.
Ndi mapangidwe wamba mu zaka 2 zoyambirira, korona wa chitsamba samakhudzidwa. Nthambi zowonongeka ndi zowuma zokha ndizomwe zimachotsedwa. Pakatha zaka ziwiri, nthambi zonse zakumaso zimadulidwa. Masamba amangokulira pansi. Amayalidwa mbali ndikuwamangidwa pa tsinde.
Yang'anani! Pamene zimakupiza zimakasiya mikono 3 - 4. Ndiye kuti, mphukira zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zopangidwa bwino. Nthambi zotsala zimafupikitsidwa mpaka 10 - 15 cm.
Kusintha nthawi zambiri kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mpaka kutulutsa kwamphamvu kuyambe. Chilimwe sichabwino kuzidulira konse. Mu nthawi yophukira, kupatulira mwaukhondo kokha kungachitike - chotsani nthambi zowuma ndi zowuma.
Momwe mungakhalire nthawi yozizira
Ngakhale kuti nkhuyu zamitundu mitundu zitha kupirira chisanu zakhala zikudziwika, sizingatheke kunyalanyaza njira yotchingira zitsamba zachisanu. Imayambika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, kutentha kwamtunda kukhazikitsidwa, osapitilira + 2 ° C.
- Amayamba ndi chakuti mphukira zonse kumpoto kwa chomera zimasonkhanitsidwa mtolo, zolumikizidwa pakati pawo ndikugwada pansi.
- Bolodi yomangidwa imamangidwa mwachindunji pamtunda pogwiritsa ntchito plywood kapena zidutswa zamatabwa.
- Polyethylene amayikidwa pamwamba pa mseu wokulirapo ndikufundidwa ndi dothi.
Kupanga koteroko kumakupatsani mwayi wosunthira mavuto onse nthawi yachisanu.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula nkhuyu
Mavuto ndi nkhuyu zimayamba pomwe chomera sichisamalidwa bwino. Monga chomera chilichonse chomwe chimabzala mosabisa, zitsamba zimatha kudwala.
Yang'anani! Kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kuchita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa tizirombo. Yang'anirani momwe aliri ndikuwonera tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, chitani njira zoyenera zolimbana nazo.
Chifukwa chiyani nkhuyu sizimabala zipatso m'mundamo
Kuphatikiza pa kuwoneka kwamatenda ndi tizirombo, nthawi zambiri pamakhala vuto monga kusowa kwa zipatso.
Izi makamaka zimachitika chifukwa chosankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Podzala m'mundamo, ndikofunikira kusankha zitsanzo zodzipukuta zokha. Kuwonongeka kwa mitundu yama nkhuyu imatha kugwiridwa ndi mavu amtundu winawake, omwe sakhala m'madera onse.
Chifukwa chiyani nkhuyu zinazilala
Vuto lina lomwe wamaluwa amakumana nalo akamakula nkhuyu ndi kuthira zipatso. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino kuthengo. Kuperewera kwa madzi okwanira nthawi zonse kumawonongeratu chipatso.
Chifukwa chachiwiri chitha kukhala dothi lopanda bwino lomwe chitsamba lomwe limamera. Kuwongolera vutoli mwa kudya pafupipafupi.
Kutsatira upangiri wa akatswiri kumakupatsirani korona ndi zipatso zambiri za nkhuyu
Ngakhale nkhuyu zimayesedwa ngati mbewu zopanda tanthauzo pazomera ndi kukula, kusamalira mbande zazing'ono kuyenera kukhala kolondola. Ndikofunikira kumvera malingaliro a akatswiri, ndiye kuti chitsambachi sichingothokoza amadyera okongola komanso okongola, komanso zokolola zambiri zabwino.
