Duwa lowala kwambiri lidabwera ku Europe kuchokera ku South Africa. Poyamba, inali ya mtundu wa kakombo wamtchire, koma kale m'zaka za m'ma 18, Karl Liney adapatsa amaryllis ku mtundu wina. Kuyambira pamenepo, mbewuyi idakhala ngati maluwa osatha a banja la Amaryllis. Chifukwa chotsika kwambiri chisanu komanso kum'mwera, imakulidwa mnyumba kapena malo osungira masamba okongola. Nthawi zambiri pamabuka funso loti bwanji amaryllis samatulutsa. Zolinga ndi yankho zikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Amaryllis pachimake momwe imawonekera
Maluwa amakula kuchokera ku babu. Mawonekedwe ake ndi ozungulira, m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 4 mpaka 6. Pesi ndi lamphamvu, zotanuka. Masamba ndi owongoka, obiriwira amdima, opapatiza, amakula mpaka 60 cm kutalika ndi 4 cm mulifupi. Kukula awiriawiri. Panthawi yamaluwa, masamba amakhala ochepa. Kummwera, amaryllis blooms kumapeto kwa Epulo - mu Meyi ndipo wakhala akuchita sabata 6. Kunyumba, nthawi imeneyi imachepetsedwa kukhala masiku 21 ndipo imagwera kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - kuyambira Seputembara. Izi ndichifukwa choti chomera chimagwirana ndi chilimwe ku South Africa.
Red Amaryllis
Kodi maluwa amawoneka bwanji?
Bulb imatulutsa ma peduncles a 1-3, koma ndibwino kudula tsinde la 1, apo ayi kuwombera kowonjezera kumachepetsa kukula ndi kukula kwa duwa. Pamene thunthu limakula mpaka 40-60 masentimita, inflorescence imawoneka. Amakhala ngati ma ambulansi okhala mawonekedwe. Pambuyo pake duwa limakula mpaka masentimita 85. Lililonse la peduncle limakhala ndi ma cell 4-12 omwe amakula mpaka 10 cm ndipo limapangidwa mumaluwa awiri. Mphukira imafanana ndi phula kapenaambule yakuzama. Mafinya ooneka ngati mapaipi. Pakuzama komanso pamwamba pa bud, ma stam 6 oyera okhala ndi nsonga yobiriwira amawoneka.
Mtundu wa miyala ya amaryllis ndi wofiira, lilac ndi pinki. Pansi pake ndi zoyera, zobiriwira kapena zachikasu. Pali maluwa achikuda atatu.
Zomera ndizosangalatsa chifukwa zimatha kuphuka mpaka kawiri pachaka. Nthawi zimatha kusinthidwa mwanjira.
Zofunika! "Zowopsa Zabwino" ndi za amaryllis, popeza babu ndi mphukira zake ndizodzadza ndi poizoni. Pazinthu zochepa, ndizothandiza, chifukwa zimathandiza kulimbana ndi ma virus ndi matenda. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa poizoni kumabweretsa poizoni.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyeretsa duwa kuti pasachitike ana ndi nyama, ndipo mutabzala kapena kuchokapo, sambani m'manja.
Chifukwa chiyani amaryllis sichimera kunyumba
Anthu ena okonda maluwa okongola amakana amaryllis chifukwa chotsimikiza ndi kusamalidwa bwino. Kuperewera kwa masamba munyengo yazomera kumakhalanso zachilendo.
Amaryllis imachoka popanda mphukira
Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe duwalo limangotulutsa masamba okha
Kupanga pachimake, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa mawonekedwe, osati masamba.
Zifukwa zazikulu:
- Mwina peduncle sinayambike chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa babu.
- Duwa "linasakaniza" gawo la maluwa ndi matalala. Izi zimachitika ndi kutentha kosakhazikika mu nyumba kapena mumsewu.
- Masamba adadulidwa, ndipo izi zidachepetsa kwambiri babu.
- Kupanda zodzoladzola ndi chinyezi.
- Chaka chatha, ndidatenga mphamvu zambiri zamaluwa, ndipo munyengo yatsopano kupumulanso kwanthawi yayikulu kumafunikira.
- Subcooling kapena mpweya wosakwanira.
- Kuwala pang'ono, kusowa kwa dzuwa.
- Kuyandikira pafupi.
- Dothi losauka.
Zambiri! Musamveke ngati alamu ngati ma peduncle sanawonekere mkati mwa mwezi umodzi kuyambira pachiyambire, ndipo duwa lenilenilo silikuwonetsa zisonyezo zachilendo.
Kubzala moyenera ndi gawo lofunika maluwa.
Amaryllis amakonda chisamaliro chanyumba choyenera, bwanji chomera sichikutuluka? Chifukwa musanabzala, muyenera kulabadira kusankha poto, dothi ndi babu.
Njira yobzala maluwa
Kusintha kwa chotengera
Chifukwa cha thunthu lolimba komanso lolemera la maluwa, kuthekera kwake kungagwere, chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha mphika wamaluwa wolemera komanso wolimba. Kubzala mbande zingapo mumphika umodzi sikusiyidwa. Kukula kwa chidebe kumatengera babu. Danga la pansi liyenera kukhala lalitali masentimita 3-5 kuposa mutu, lakuya 20-30 cm.Ngati pali maluwa opitilira umodzi, mtunda wa 2-3 masentimita pakati pa mababu umawerengedwa. Mutha kugula chotengera ndi khosi lopapatiza. Kuti mizu imadyetsedwa bwino ndi okosijeni, ndibwino kutenga mbale kuchokera ku zoumba zosakonzedwa.
Dothi
Nthaka imagulitsidwa m'sitolo, koma mutha kuikonza kunyumba. Maphikidwe a Dothi:
- Sakanizani 1: 1 turf ndi humus, onjezani mbali ziwiri za mchenga.
- Tengani 1: 1: 1 turf ndi munda wam'munda, mchenga wamtsinje, onjezani gawo la humus.
- Gawo lofanana dothi lochokera m'mundamo, malo owetera, mchenga wam'madzi, peat ndi humus.
Zofunika! Dothi lirilonse liyenera kupatsidwa matendawo. Kuti muchite izi, umayikidwa mufiriji, umasungidwa pamadzi kapena kuwotchera ndi madzi otentha.
Manda
Chifukwa cha izi, miyala yamtengo wapatali, njerwa ndi zadongo, miyala, dongo lotukulidwa ndi koyenera. Zinthu zake zimasakanikirana ndi dothi ndikuziika pansi. Bowo limapangidwa pakatikati kuti masamba achinyontho kwambiri, ndipo mchenga umathiridwa pamwamba. Madzimadzi amateteza amaryllis kuti avunde ndikuchotsa madzi ambiri.
Zida
Mitu yamaluwa yokha, yosalala, yolimba komanso yokongola yokhala ndi mizu yaying'ono yomwe imasankhidwa kuti ibzalidwe. Osabzala maluwa ngati babu:
- kukhudzidwa ndi zowola, dzimbiri, ming'alu;
- alibe mizu;
- nkhungu;
- limanunkhira kukoma kosasangalatsa.
Anyezi wogwiritsidwa ntchito
Malangizo ofunikira kukayenda pang'onopang'ono:
- Chetetsani pang'ono anyezi wa peel wakuda ndi beige.
- Ikani mumtsuko ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kapena madzi a Bordeaux kwa mphindi 30.
- Ikani anyezi pa thaulo loyera ndikumauma tsiku lonse.
- Dzazani theka la mphalalo ndi dothi. Pakatikati, ikani manyowa m'nthaka.
- Phimbani ndi lapansi kuti ½ gawo la babu likhale pamwamba.
- Kanikizirani dothi ndi manja anu, mulch. M'malo mwa mulch, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ngalawa zotsalazo.
- Ndikwabwino kuthira madzi ofunda ndikuchotsa chotengera kumalo osankhidwa.
Zofunika! Madera omwe adapezeka amathandizidwa ndi Fitosporin, wobiriwira wanzeru ndi mankhwala ena. Simungathe kudula!
Kusanthula kwa mndende, ndizoyenera zonse
Ngati makokedwewo adachitika molondola, koma amaryllis samatulutsa, amangopereka masamba okha, ndichitenji? Ndikofunikira kusanthula momwe zinthu zilili m'ndende, zolakwika zolakwika ndikuyamba kusamalira bwino.
Kodi mbewuyo imapumira, kusintha kwa gawo la masamba ndi matalala
Amaryllis limamasula m'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, ndipo limapumula mu kasupe ndi chilimwe. Chilimwe chikadzafika ku Russia, duwa "amagona", akuganiza kuti dzinja lafika. Popeza kudziko lakwake panthawiyi kumabwera nthawi yozizira. "Kugona" kuyenera kukonzedwa:
- sinthani masana, kenako chotsani mthunziwo;
- pang'onopang'ono muchepetse kutentha +1010 C;
- sinthani pafupipafupi kuthirira ndi kuvala kwapamwamba.
Chomera chimakonzedwa mosiyanasiyana kuti chithandizire gawo.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Kuthirira kwambiri kwa chomera kumayamba pamene peduncle ifika masentimita 10. Chizindikirocho ndi gawo lapansi lapadziko lapansi. Sayenera kuloledwa kuti ome kaye. Amaryllis akagona pafupi, madzi ambiri amathilira mpaka amalekeratu. Kuti duwa lisaphwe, limafukusidwa kuchokera mfuti.
Zofunika! Amaryllis imatsanulidwa kuchokera pamakoma a poto kuti madzi asayende pa babu. Kupanda kutero, babuwo ayamba kuvunda, ndipo duwa lenilenilo limaleka kukula.
Chomera chimadyetsedwa ndi zosakanizika zapadera za mababu masiku onse 10 mpaka kupumula kwathunthu.
Kutsirira koyenera
Kodi pali malo okwanira mumphika?
Sankhani mphika mosamala. M'chiwiya chocheperako, mbewuyo imafota ndikuyamba kudwala. Wokulirapo - yang'anirani pakubala, osati pakupanga maluwa. Ngati kuchokera babu kupita kumakoma osakwana 3, koma kupitilira 4 cm, amaryllis amafunika kuikika.
Kuwala ndi kutentha
Kusakhalapo pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kumapereka chiyembekezo kwa amaryllis chifukwa chopitilira nthawi yopumulirako, ndipo kuwala kwa dzuwa kowongolera dzuwa kumapangitsa mbewuyo kukhala yamantha. Zingakhale malo abwino dzuwa ndi mthunzi wopepuka.
Kutentha kovomerezeka kwa amaryllis ndi + 18 ... +25 ° C. Pamalo opumulirako okha ndi omwe angafikire +10 ° C. Chomera sichimakonda kukonzekera komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi.
Zomwe mungachite kuti amaryllis pachimake
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kuzindikira chomera ndikupeza chomwe chimalepheretsa. Vutoli limakhazikika m'njira yoyenera. Chotsatira, muyenera kuyamba kusamalira bwino chomera ndikuyembekezera zotsatira zake. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chikufunika kuchitidwa kuti pachimake pa amaryllis wowoneka bwino? Mutha kupanga pafupi ndi zachilengedwe kuti mukule ndikukula. Maluwa adazolowera kutentha, chilala pang'ono komanso mvula yochepa.
Mwina amaryllis sanakonzekerere maluwa, ndikofunikira kupanga nthawi yopanga, mosasamala nthawi ya chaka. Njira zodzitetezera ku tizirombo ndi matenda sizingafanane.
Nthawi yopumula
Amaryllis sangathe kumasula mphukira ngati zinthu zonse zobzala ndi chisamaliro sizikwaniritsidwa. Chomera chimatha kuphuka. Kuti muchite izi, pezani ndikuchotsa zovuta. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, amaryllis amasangalatsa duwa lokongola kawiri pachaka.
