Kupanga mbewu

Mbali za kulima strawberries "Cinderella". Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Pafupifupi anthu onse padziko lapansi, kuyambira achinyamata mpaka akale, amakonda strawberries akuluakulu onunkhira, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa strawberries ndi anthu. Chaka chilichonse, wamaluwa akuyang'ana mbewu zatsopano za strawberries kuti zithetse bwino minda yawo ya sitiroberi. Mmodzi mwa zipatso zokoma za sitiroberi kukonza ndi Cinderella zosiyanasiyana. Momwe mungabzalitsire Cinderella pa chiwembu chanu, momwe mungalengeze zosiyana siyana ndi masharubu kapena kukula kuchokera ku mbewu, chitetezeni ku matenda ndipo potsirizira pake mupeze zokolola zochuluka za zipatso - zonsezi zidzakambidwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ino.

Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe a zosiyanasiyana

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya strawberries "Cinderella" inagulidwa ndi odyera ku Russia chifukwa cha ntchito yosankha ndi mitundu iwiri ya munda - "Phwando" ndi "Zeng-Zengana". Mitundu yatsopanoyi ikuphatikizapo makhalidwe abwino a makolo.

Fotokozani sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana "Cinderella":

  • chitsamba cholimba, koma chosakanikirana;
  • yakucha mochedwa kwambiri;
  • masamba ndi aakulu, ndi mtundu wakuda;
  • inflorescences ndi otsika (kumenyana ndi masamba kapena pang'ono);
  • zojambula zobiriwira ndi zandiweyani, zogwira bwino zipatso;
  • mabulosi mawonekedwe - akale, okongoletsedwa;
  • kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi ndi 20 g (kulemera kwa zipatso zoyambazo ndi ziwiri zazikulu);
  • kukoma kokoma, kokoma ndi kowawa;
  • mnofu wa zipatsozo ndi wofiira-lalanje mtundu, osati wotayirira, bwino utatengedwa;
  • Maluwa ndi aakulu, okhala ndi makala oyera asanu;
  • Chitsamba cha amayi chimapereka mabowo (masharubu) ang'onoang'ono.
Zosiyanasiyana ali bwino kukana matenda fungal ndi wabwino chisanu kukana. Ngakhale zimakhala zochititsa chidwi, munthu wokhala nawo bwino adzapitirizabe kusamalira minda ya sitiroberi yokonzekera kuchokera ku imvi yovunda ndikuphimba pang'ono ndi masamba ogwa m'nyengo yozizira.

Mukudziwa? Mosiyana ndi ena zipatso, sitiroberi mbewu si zobisika mu mabulosi zamkati, koma ali pamwamba. Phungu la aliyense sitiroberi ndi pafupifupi mazana awiri mbewu.

Zizindikiro ndi kusiyana kwa mitundu ina

Kuwongolera kufotokoza kwa sitiroberi mitundu - sitiroberi "Cinderella" ndi yosiyana ndi ena kuti bwino. Kukongola kwa zipatso, iye amafunsa pa chithunzi chithunzi cha magazini okongoletsa. Ali ndi zokoma, ndi kunyezimira mbali za zipatso, zomwe zimatchulidwa sitiroberi kukoma ndi kukoma kokometsetsa kwambiri.

Zokongola kwambiri kwa anthu a chilimwe komanso mfundo yakuti Izi zosiyanasiyana zimapereka pang'ono kukula kwa sitiroberi masharubu.. Pambuyo pake, mitundu ina imafalikira pa chiwembu chomwe wolima mundayo amaletsa kukula kwake mpaka kumapeto.

Phunzirani momwe mungamere mitundu ina ya strawberries: "Alba", "Ali Baba", "Victoria".

Koma kusiyana kwake kofunikira kwambiri ndi kukonzanso, ndiko, kuthekera mwamsanga pakatha kucha kwa zipatso kuti ayambe mawonekedwe atsopano a fruiting. Mitengo yokoma ndi yokongola ya Cinderella ikhoza kulawa ngakhale kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pamene palibe kale munda wa strawberries.

Tikufika

Pofuna kubzala mitundu yonse ya strawberries, muyenera choyamba konzani mabedi pansi pa kukwera kwawo. Ndi bwino kusamalira tsogolo la sitiroberi zowonongeka mu kugwa, chifukwa ufa wa dolomite kapena laimu fluff umawonjezeredwa kubzala kwa mbeu iyi. Zosakaniza zimenezi zimabweretsa calcium m'nthaka, ndipo zimatengera nthawi kuti izo ziwonongeke m'nthaka ndipo zisalowetse zomera.

Nthaka ya m'tsogolo bedi kukumba pa bayonet ya fosholo ndi kutembenukira. Pokumba nthaka, udzu wosatha wamsongole (udzu wa tirigu, fesa nthula) ndi tizilombo ta tizilombo towononga tizilombo (Maying'anga, mphutsi zamtundu) zimachotsedwa. Popeza mabedi akukonzekera pansi pa strawberries pasadakhale, wokhalapo wokhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe sadzalola kuti aziima mopanda kanthu m'chipululu ndipo akukula ndi namsongole. Musanadzale strawberries m'mabedi awa mutha kukonza mbeu yaikulu ya katsabola, letesi kapena nyemba.

Musanabzala sitiroberi mbande, nthaka mu mabedi okonzeka ayenera kumasulidwa pang'ono, ndizochita izi mothandizidwa ndi mafoloko a m'munda. Kenaka, bedi liri madzi okwanira, kutsanulira chidebe cha madzi pa 1 mita mita imodzi ya nthaka. Pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira madzi, mankhwala ena amatsanulira: bedi limakhetsedwa ndi njira ya mkuwa sulphate - njirayi imathandizira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ma supuni awiri (popanda chopangira) a vitriol a buluu amawonjezedwa ku chidebe chilichonse cha madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga strawberries ndi feteleza feteleza. Chinthu chachikulu ndi kukumbukira kuti strawberries salola kulemba fetereza, yomwe ili ndi chlorine.
Garden strawberries obzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena kumapeto kwa August.

Kutha kwa nyengo. Chipale chofewa chikachoka pamabedi ndipo nthaka imauma mokwanira, mukhoza kubzala sitiroberi mbande. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kukhala nthawi isanafike kutentha kwakukulu kumeneku ndi kuyamba kwa mphepo ya masika ya mphepo yotentha. Pankhani yobwerera chisanu, mbande kuphimba kuzizira ndi pulasitiki filimu kapena nonwoven zakuthupi (agrofibre, spunbond).

Pamene kasupe kubzala sitiroberi minda ayenera kulabadira zotsatirazi:

  • Pakadutsa masiku 10, kupalira pakati pa mizere ndilofunikira.
  • Kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu (7) (ngati kuli kofunikira) mundawu umathiridwa madzi.
  • Kuthirira kumachitika m'mawa, kotero kuti madontho ozizira a strawberries ali ndi nthawi yowuma usiku usanafike (chifukwa chake - kupewa matenda a fungal).
Kubzala sitiroberi amaphuka mu autumn.

  • Nthawi yabwino yodzala nthawi yophukira: zaka khumi zapitazo za August ndi theka la mwezi wa September.
  • Nthaka yowonjezereka yotsekemera panthawi yophukira siyikuchitidwa konse.
  • Masabata awiri oyambirira mutabzala mutha madzi okwanira mlungu uliwonse.
  • Komanso, kutentha kwa mpweya kumachepa, ndipo kufunika kwa strawberries mu kuthirira kumatha.
  • Kumayambiriro - pakati pa mwezi wa November, bedi la sitiroberi liri ndi zotsalira zamasamba (masamba a m'munda, mapesi a chimanga kapena manyuchi).
Ndikofunikira! Pansi pa bedi pogona palibe njira yomwe ingagwiritse ntchito namsongole ndi testes yakucha. Apo ayi, m'chakachi namsongole adzaphatikizidwa pamodzi mumzere wa sitiroberi.
Pali njira zambiri zowalera zowonjezera mbande za sitiroberi.

Kumalo awiri:

  • pa bedi 120 masentimita m'kati mwake, sitiroberi timapanga timabzala mizere iwiri;
  • kutalika kwa mabedi kumachitidwa pempho la mwini munda;
  • mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala osachepera 50 cm;
  • Mtunda pakati pa mizere iwiri - 50 cm;
  • mtunda kuchokera pamphepete mwa munda mpaka mzere woyamba ndi 35 cm;
  • Mbewu mu mzere wachiwiri ndi wosakanikirana ndi zomera zomwe anabzala mumzere woyamba.
Kudyetsa "chess" kudzapereka zowonjezereka kufalitsa kwa sitiroberi zitsamba, ndipo sizidzatseketsana wina ndi mzake mtsogolomu.

Pakati pa mabedi awiri awiri ndilofunika kuchoka pamtunda mita imodzi. Njira zoterozo zimakhala zosavuta kuti azisamalira zomera ndi zokolola za zipatso.

Mabedi ozungulira kapena mapiramidi ndi kukwera kwa strawberries amatha kuwonjezera pa tsamba lanu. Zolinga zoterezi zimayenera mitundu ya ampelnye: "Mfumukazi Elizabeti 1, 2", "Wokondedwa".
Kufika mu mizere inayi:
  • M'lifupi mwake pabedi 250 cm;
  • kutalika kwa mabedi kumasinthasintha;
  • zomera zimabzalidwa mu mizere inayi;
  • Mtunda pakati pa mizera - 50 cm;
  • mtunda pakati pa mabulosi baka - 50 cm;
  • Kuchokera pamphepete mwa munda mpaka woyamba sitiroberi mzere - 25 cm;
  • Njira yomwe ili pakati pa mabedi awiri imasiyidwa pafupifupi masentimita 120.
Ndondomeko ya kukwera koteroko ndi yofanana ndi kumalo otsogolera awiri, pokhapokha kuwonjezera pa mzere wa 3 ndi 4. Zomera m'mizere zimagwedezana moyandikana wina ndi mnzake.

Mukudziwa? Froberberries ndi yabwino kwambiri yotsutsa-yotupa wothandizila. Madokotala amati strawberries ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri. Strawberry ndi wogula mankhwala a ayodini mu thupi la munthu, ndipo nthawi zonse kudya strawberries (strawberries) chakudya kumachepetsa shuga wokhudzana ndi magazi. Madokotala amalimbikitsa mabulosi awa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga.

Kuswana

Mukhoza kufalitsa ma strawberries a Cinderella zosiyanasiyana m'njira ziwiri:

  • masharubu (rosettes);
  • mbewu.
Mbande zimayenera kutengedwera m'mabwalo a mabulosi owakhazikitsidwa bwino, kumene kuli chitsimikiziro chopeza mbande zomwe sizili ndi matenda a fungal. Anthu ambiri m'nyengo ya chilimwe amasankha kukula ndi sitiroberi kuchokera ku mbewu zokha, kuti mbeuyo ikhale yolimba komanso yathanzi.

Mbewu

Kukula strawberries "Cinderella" kuchokera ku mbewu ndi ntchito yovuta ndipo imatenga nthawi yochuluka. Kuti mupambane, muyenera kutsatira luso lamakono lofesa mbewu ndi kusamalira mbande.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbeu mu magawo:

  • Mbeu imafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa masika (kumayambiriro kwa March);
  • zofesedwa mu peat makapu mpaka 7 cm mu msinkhu kapena mapiritsi a peat ndi awiri a masentimita 3-4;
  • Mphamvu za kufesa zimadzaza ndi chisakanizo (gawo limodzi la mchenga, gawo limodzi la humus ndi magawo awiri a peat pamwamba). Kukonzekera kusungirako zinthaka za nthaka zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kubzala maluwa;
  • Musanafese njere, nthaka iyenera kuonongeka (yokazinga mu uvuni kwa mphindi khumi kapena kuthira madzi otsekemera a potaziyamu permanganate ndi madzi);
  • Mbewu imodzi kapena iwiri imafesedwa mumphika uliwonse, ndiye mbeu yochepa imachotsedwa;
  • tsiku lomwe lisanadze kufesa nthaka yothira madzi ndi madzi okwanira;
  • Mbewu ya sitiroberi imaikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka ndipo imayambitsidwa ndi madzi otentha kuchokera ku botolo;
  • miphika yokutidwa ndi pulasitiki yophimba kapena galasi (mini-greenhouses akupezeka);
  • Miphika (mapiritsi a peat) amakhala otentha (+25 ° C) ndi malo amdima mpaka mbande zoyamba zikuwonekera.
Ngati strawberries amafesedwa pamapepala kapena peyala ina iliyonse, wolima munda ayenera kudandaula kuti pali mabowo pansi pa mphika kukhetsa madzi owonjezera. Miphika yomwe ili ndi mbewu zowonjezera imayenera kuikidwa mu bokosi limodzi lofanana kapena bokosi la matabwa. Izi zidzathandiza kusamalira mbewu, chifukwa bokosilo ndi losavuta kulimba ndi pulogalamu ya polyethylene kapena galasi, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kubzala zomera.

Ndikofunikira! Zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa pa kusankha nthaka ndi kutayika kwake siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mapiritsi a peat, iwo ali okonzeka kale kufesa.

Ngati chosankha chadongosolo chikugwera pa mapiritsi a peat, ndiye musanayambe kufesa mbewu, muyenera kuyika mapiritsi owuma mu mbale (yodzazidwa ndi madzi otentha) kwa mphindi 20. Ma mapiritsi adzalandira madzi, peat idzakula ndi kukula. Puloteni ya peat yokonzeka kubzala mbewu. Bzalani mbewu zomwe mukusowa pamwamba, osati mthunzi wotsekedwa.

Kuthirira strawberries akukula mu mapiritsi a peat ndi osavuta: mumasowa nthawi yokathirira madzi mu mbale pamene zikho zowonjezera zili. Mwamsanga pamene mabala a sitiroberi akuwoneka (masiku 10-14), miphika imakonzedwanso pazenera sill, pafupi ndi magwero a masana. Wofesa munda akuyenera kumvetsera kuti chokoma mtima sichitha kulekerera zojambula.

Zofunika njira zowonjezera kukula kwa sitiroberi mbande:

  • Malo otsekemera a mini omwe ali ndi mpweya wokwanira tsiku ndi tsiku, omwe amachotsa 10-15 mphindi ya polyethylene (galasi) kuchokera ku miphika;
  • Mbeu zosungunuka ndi madzi ofunda (monga momwe zilili) ndi botolo la kutsitsi;
  • Dyetsani mbande.
Top dressing ya sitiroberi mbande mu miphika imayamba pambuyo maonekedwe a tsamba woona lachinai ndipo imachitika mlungu uliwonse. Kwa fetereza iyi ya maluwa "Kemira" kapena "Akvarin" inasungunuka m'madzi kuti ulimi wothirira. Kusakaniza kwa madzi ndi fetereza kumawaza mbewu.

Patapita mwezi umodzi kuchokera pamene maonekedwe akuyamba, mbande zimayamba kutengedwera mumsewu ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimawumitsa. Mbeuyi imayikidwa panja kuti ikhale yotsekedwa imakhala mumthunzi kapena mumthunzi. Zowonongeka sizinayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa dzuwa!

Strawberry mbande (yakula kuchokera ku mbewu ndipo ili yokonzeka kubzalidwa pabedi pabedi lotseguka pansi) ili ndi masamba asanu enieni ndi mizu ya fibrous, yabwino kwambiri.

Mukudziwa? Pakati pa strawberries ndi mwambo wofiira wa mabulosi pali mitundu ya sitiroberi mitundu ya albino. "Anablanka", "White Swede", "Pineberry", "White Soul" - mitundu iyi idzadabwitsa wogula ndi pepala losaoneka bwino komanso kukoma kwake.

Usa

Njira yosavuta yofalitsira zomwe mumazikonda zosiyanasiyana ndi sitiroberi rosettes kukula pa masharubu a mayi chomera. Ngati nyakulima adagula kokha tchire cha sitiroberi Cinderella ndipo ndi chithandizo chawo akufuna kufalitsa zosiyanasiyana, ndiye amafunikira malo pamtunda wa masentimita 70-100 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Mtunda uwu ndi wofunikira kotero kuti masharubu akukula kuchokera ku chitsamba cha uterine ali ndi malo ogwirira ntchito.

Froberberries "Cinderella" imapanga mphukira zazing'ono zobala (ndevu 3-6). Zimakhulupirira kuti ma rosettes atatu oyambirira okhawo ali oyenerera kuswana. Koma izi ndi zabodza. Zoonadi, mabowo atatu oyambirira adzakhala opambana komanso amphamvu, koma ngati mukufunika kuchulukitsa mosiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti zitsulo zonse zimatengedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito. Ndipotu, tchire timagulidwa ndi wolima munda chaka chino, ali ndi thanzi labwino, ndipo zinthu zokolola zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera kwazo zimakhalanso zathanzi.

Mlimiyo amathira ndevu za sitiroberi kuzungulira chitsamba cha uterine pamtunda wa masentimita 10-20 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Zitsulo zooneka pa ndevu zimapangidwira kunthaka ndi chithandizo cha makola opangidwa ndi waya wandiweyani. Mutha kuwaza ndevu ndi nthaka, motero mumakonza mizu ya rosettes m'nthaka.

Anthu ena m'nyengo ya chilimwe amakonda malo ogulitsira mizu m'miphika. Pachifukwa ichi, miphika ya nthaka ndi mabowo amadzimangidwe amalowetsamo zitsulo za sitiroberi, zomwe zimayambira mu chidebe choperekedwa. Ndi kuwonjezereka kwina, mbande zopota sizimavulazidwa ndipo zimakhala ndi moyo zana m'munda.

Ngati mlimiyo akufuna kupeza mbande zambiri momwe zingathere kuchokera ku tchire la mama strawberries, m'pofunika kuchotsa fruiting pa tchire. Kulima kwa nthawi imodzi ya zipatso ndi rosettes kumapangitsa zomera, ndipo zimatha kufa. Malo akuluakulu angabzalidwe pa bedi losatha mu August (September-September) kapena masika ammawa (oyambirira a April).

Chisamaliro

Kusamalira wachitsulo sitiroberi wotsegulidwa pamsewu wotseguka kapena wotseka ndi motere:

  • bedi liri ndi zinthu zosavala (agrofibre, spunbond);
  • sabata yoyamba mutabzala, zomera zimathiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku (kupulumuka kwabwino);
  • pamene kasupe kubzala mbande kumasulidwa kumachitika kamodzi pa khumi;
  • kuthirira minda;
  • Pa nthawi ya kubzala kwa mitengo, nthaka pakati pa mizera imasula ziwiri kapena katatu m'dzinja;
  • mu zaka khumi za November, munda wa sitiroberi uli ndi mapepala ang'onoang'ono ophimbidwa ndi masamba omwe agwa kapena nthambi zowonongeka;
  • m'nyengo yozizira, chipale chofewa chimaponyedwa pamabedi pa spruce kapena pepala "malaya amoto";
  • malo okhala m'munda ayenera kuchotsedwa pomwe chipale chogwera pansi (kawirikawiri mu theka lachiwiri la March).

Kuthirira

Chimodzi mwa zinthu za sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana "Cinderella" ndi kuti popanda madzi okwanira nthawi zonse ndi okwanira simungakhoze kukolola bwino.

Mbewu zatsopano zimabzalidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, zimathandiza zomera zazing'ono kuti zizule mizu. Kale kuyambira sabata yachiwiri mutabzala, strawberries amayamba kuthirira madzi ngati dothi lauma (2-3 pa sabata). Kuwonjezera kuthirira kwa mbande ndi akuluakulu sitiroberi tchire amachitidwa ndi kukonkha kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kuyamwa ulimi wothirira (mlingo uliwonse mlingo wa madzi ndi 10 malita pa 1 mita imodzi).

Kuphimba mulingo ndi malo okhalapo nthaka ndi zinthu zilizonse zomwe zimaletsa kutuluka kwa madzi. Mabedi obiridwa amafunika kuthirira mobwerezabwereza, strawberries amakhala pa mulch ndipo amakhalabe oyera, musataya mauthenga awo.

Monga mulch ungagwiritsidwe ntchito:

  • udzu wokomedwa bwino;
  • sawdust;
  • masamba;
  • wakuda agrofibre.
Mukudziwa? Ku England, munda wachitsamba unali wakula pamabedi, zomwe zinathandiza kuti zipatsozo zisakhale zoyera komanso kuti zisadwale. Choncho, dzina lachingelezi la mabulosiwa limamveka ngati Strawberry, lomwe limatanthauza "mabulosi".

Kupaka pamwamba

Kuti mukhale ndi mbewu zonse za zipatso, sitiroberi baka ayenera kudya. Strawberries akhoza kudyetsedwa ndi organic feteleza (humus, kompositi, manyowa a zaka zitatu) kapena feteleza mankhwala ovuta.

Ambiri a feteleza amaikidwa m'nthaka nthawi yoyamba yokonzekera mabedi a strawberries. Pachifukwachi, feteleza amabalalika kapena amaikidwa pazomwe zimakhala pansi pamtunda ndipo amatengedwa ndi wolima munda ndi fosholo pamtunda wa masentimita 25-30 (ndi chiwonongeko cha dziko lapansi).

Pakati pa mita iliyonse ya dothi lapansi imalowa:

  • makala amodzi;
  • chidebe cha lita khumi cha kompositi kapena manyowa a ng'ombe ovunda;
  • 45 g wa superphosphate;
  • 45 magalamu a potaziyamu mchere.
Ngati pali chofunikira kudyetsa sitiroberi munda pambuyo yozizira chisanu, kasupe amatenga zakudya zochepa:

  • Choyamba kudya - Zomera zimayenera kulimbitsa ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa tsamba la masamba pogwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Kwa ichi, kumayambiriro kwa masika, makamaka ngakhale chisanu, bedi la nitroammophoska limaperekedwa pa mlingo wa matchbox imodzi ya feteleza pa mita imodzi ya bedi. Pamene chisanu chimasungunuka, feteleza idzatengedwera pamodzi ndi kusungunuka madzi pamwamba pa nthaka. Ngati strawberries amafunika kubereka popanda chipale chofewa, ndiye kuti bedi linamwetsedwa bwino asanayambe feteleza. Kenaka phulani nitroammofosku komanso mukamwe madzi okwanira.Kuthirira kumapitirira mpaka fetereza imapasuka.
  • Kudyetsa kachiwiri kumapeto kumapeto kwa April - mipando ya sitiroberi imathiridwa ndi njira yothetsera madzi ndi manyowa a ng'ombe (fosholo imodzi ya mullein imaphatikizidwa ku chidebe cha madzi).
  • Kuvala katatu kupereka pambuyo mapeto a fruiting strawberries. Monga kuvala kwa autumn kumapanga mchere wambiri. Kuvala kotereku kungagulidwe pa malo alionse olima.

Kusamalidwa posachedwa

Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira, pa sitiroberi m'minda yomwe inamaliza fruiting, imathamanga ndi kuwotcha tsamba. Izi zimachitidwa kuti odwala opweteka a matenda a fungal, amene ali ndi masamba a sitiroberi, asagwe pansi.

Ngati bedi silili kulandira mbande za sitiroberi, ndiye kuti tchire ndi tizinthu tambiri timachotsedwa. Kuchulukitsa kunenepa pamunda kumabweretsa chitukuko cha matenda a fungal.

Mukudziwa? Ma mandimu, malalanje ndi strawberries ali pafupifupi vitamin C. Odya zipatso ziwiri kapena zitatu za strawberries tsiku lomwe munthu amapereka thupi ndi mlingo wa vitamini.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngakhalenso mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya sitiroberi imakhala ndi zizindikiro monga:

  • fusarium wilt ndi vuto lochedwa;
  • imvi zowola zipatso ndi zipatso;
  • tsamba lofiira ndi loyera.
Zizindikiro zomwe matenda a sitiroberi angathe kudziwika:

  • Fusarium kapena fusarium wilt - omwe amadziwika ndi kutha kwa mapepala a tsamba ndi petioles. Pamene matendawa akufalikira, masamba amasanduka bulauni ndi owuma.
  • Phytophthora - Kukula kwa chitsamba kumachepetsanso, masamba amawoneka ofiira ndipo amadzikweza. Gawo lotsatira la chitukuko cha matendawa ndi imfa ya mizu ya strawberries.
Ndikofunikira! Fusarium ndi zovuta zowonongeka zimatha kupezeka ngati musanayambe kubzala mbewu, mizu ya kubzala imayikidwa mu njira ya mankhwala "Potaziyamu yamchere" (15 g ya madzi kwa madzi okwanira 1 litre), ndiye mizu ya mbande imodzi imadzizidwa mu njira ya mankhwala "Agata" (madzi okwanira 1 litre anatenga 7 g wa mankhwala).
  • Grey kuvunda pa zipatso zimapezeka poyera, mbewu yonse imadzazidwa ndi imvi yofiira yamaphunziro a mycelium. Zipatso sizikhala zosayenera kwa chakudya.
  • Brown ndi woyera malo amapezeka pa tsamba la masamba a strawberries omwe ali ndi mabala a bulauni kapena oyera pa tsamba. Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matendawa zikangowonedwa ndi mwini munda, mundawu uyenera kuchitidwa ndi machiritso apadera pa matendawa. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti patapita sabata matendawa adzafalikira ku bedi lonse.
Dziko la tizilombo limaperekanso mwachangu malo okoma sitiroberi. Strawberries ndi owopsa ngati tizirombo:

  • aphid, wasp ndi nematode;
  • akalulu ndi sitiroberi.
Pofuna kulimbana ndi tizilombo zomwe zimayambitsa zomera, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala opangira mankhwala okonzekera kapena mankhwala osakaniza a zitsamba. Tizilombo ta masiku ano timapereka malo aliwonse olima.

Mukudziwa? Maluwa a strawberries amayamikiridwa ndi okhala m'mayiko ambiri. A Belgium akulemekeza mabulosi awa adayambitsa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, yomwe ili mumzinda wa Vepyon ku Belgium.
Pali mankhwala amtundu wotsutsana ndi tizilombo pa strawberries. Kulowetsedwa kwa zowawa - Chidebe chimodzi cha chitsamba chokoma chimatsanulidwa ndi madzi otentha pamwamba ndi kumanzere kuti apatse tsiku. Musanagwiritse ntchito, kulowetsedwa kumasankhidwa kupyolera m'kati mwake, ndipo supuni imodzi ya sopo yabwino yophimbidwa imaphatikizidwira (kwa kumangiriza bwino). Kulowetsedwa chitsamba chowawa kumayenera kuwaza mabulosi m'munda mmawa.

Monga kuphulika kupewa matenda a fungal kwa wamaluwa Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukhale ndi strawberries m'malo amodzi kwa nyengo zoposa 4. Panthawiyi, zomera zimatenga zakudya zonse zofunika kuti chikhalidwe ichi chikhale m'nthaka, ndipo nthaka yokha imayang'aniridwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizirombo.

Njira yoyenera ndiyo kukhala ndi mabedi anayi a strawberries: nthawi iliyonse yophukira, bedi limodzi la zaka zinayi zoyambirira ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuwonongedwa. Pambuyo pake, kuyala bedi latsopano ndi zakuthupi zowyala ndi malo atsopano. Choncho, mutagwira ntchito mwakhama, mutha kukonza Cinderella remontant strawberries pa chiwembu chanu ndipo muwapatse ana ndi adzukulu anu zipatso zabwino ndi zonunkhira m'chilimwe komanso zabwino zowononga kupanikizana m'nyengo yozizira.