Lupine osatha - nthawi yobzala mbande

Lupine ndi duwa lomwe ndi la banja lankhondo. Mbewuyo, kutengera mitundu, itha kuikidwa monga zopangidwa pachaka, herbaceous perennials, zitsamba ndi zitsamba. Eni nyumba zodziimira payokha amakonda mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamimba ya nkhandwe, yomwe imadziwika ndi kusasamala komanso maluwa ambiri.

Kodi lupine imawoneka bwanji?

Momwe mizu ya nthumwi ya banja lankhondo imapatsidwa maziko. Mizu yomwe imakhala ndi mabakiteriya omwe akukonza nitrogen amatha kulowa pansi mpaka pakuya masentimita 150-200. Zomwe zimamera pachomera zimakhala ndi masamba. Nthambi za chikhalidwe chokongoletsera zimamera m'mwamba. Ma plates a masamba atalika. Ma inflorescence amasonkhanitsidwa mumabampu angapo oyenda bwino.

Wolf bob

Maluwa a Lupine, omwe amatchedwanso nkhandwe, amatha kuvekedwa mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• buluu
• zoyera
• wofiirira
• reds;
• pinki;
• matani a lalanje.

Kumangika kamodzi kumatha kugwa msanga. Nyemba zimacha mkati mwa mbewu zozungulira.

Mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Maluwa otanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini amatanthauza mdani wonyaditsa wolusa. Dziko lokhala ndi chikhalidwe chokongoletsera limawonedwa ngati gawo la North America. Mbiri yachikhalidwe inayamba ku Greece. Kuyambira kale, inflorescence a lupins zakuthengo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa manda a afarao. Poyamba, lupine lidachotsedwa mwachisawawa kuthengo, koma pang'onopang'ono, pomwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhandwe imafalikira, idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera.

Ndikofunika kuunikira zopereka zapadera za obereketsa wotchuka a Russell, chifukwa cha omwe dziko lapansi adawona mitundu yotere:

• Mgodi wa Schloss;
• Zabwino;
• Burg Freuilin.

Lupine samangokhala ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa, komanso othandizira katundu. Maluwa amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni komanso mapuloteni. Kupezeka kwa mizu ya ndodo yofikira kuya kwa mamitala 2 kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mutsegule nthaka. Kutupa tating'onoting'ono pamizu kumapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kuti nthaka ikhale yothandiza.

Maluwa a lupine

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lupine yosatha

Mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya nyemba za nkhandwe, pali zinayi mwa zotchuka kwambiri.

White lupine

Duwa limatha kudzilimbitsa. Kutalika kwa tchire kumafika masentimita 180-200. Zowongoka zowongoka zimakhazikika, ndipo pamaluwa onyansa pali maluwa opaka utoto. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi nthawi yayitali yopanda mvula.

Lupine chikasu

Chomerachi chili ndi masamba owerengeka komanso aubweya. Maluwa okongola omwe amakhala pamatumba afupiafupi, opakidwa utoto wachikasu ndi fungo labwino. Mbewu m'mbali mwa m'mbali mwake zimasunthika pang'ono.

Lupine tsamba

Imafika pamtunda wa 110-140 cm, wokhala ndi masamba achilengedwe. Maluwa amayamba pakati pa Julayi. Maluwa amatha kujambulidwa pamtambo wamtambo, oyera kapena ofiirira. Zosiyanasiyana sizigwirizana ndi chisanu.

Yopepuka lupine

Nyemba zamtundu wa herbaceous zomwe zimamera mpaka 90 mpaka 90. Masamba a masamba ndi akhungu, olekanitsidwa komanso pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pansi. Maluwa akuluakulu a lupine amapakidwa utoto yoyera, ya pinki ndi yofiirira.

Zosamalidwa

Kubzala ndi kusamalira lupin yosatha kumawonedwa ngati njira yosavuta. Mukamasankha malo oti mubzale lupine, muyenera kukonda malo amadzuwa kapena osasinthika pamalowo. Ndizololedwa kubzala mbewu zokongoletsa pafupi ndi mitengo yazipatso.

Dothi

Nyemba za Wolf zimamera bwino pafupifupi m'nthaka iliyonse. Komabe, ndibwino kuti musankhe dothi lotayilidwa madzi mutabzala maluwa akuthengo. M'malo mukakonzekera kufesa nyemba zamtundu wamchere, ndikofunikira kusamalira poyambira kuyambitsa peat mu nthaka (5 kg iyenera mita iliyonse). Kutsatira izi kumapewetsa chikasu pazomera.

Mukabzala lupine panthaka yachilengedwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kusamala poyimitsa pang'ono. Kuti izi zitheke, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa laimu. Pa mita lalikulu lililonse, 5 kg ya ufa imafunika. Kuchepetsa kumachitika zaka 4 zilizonse.

M'zaka zoyambirira mutabzala, osatha safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Ndikofunikira kuti muchite mwadongosolo namsongole ndikumasula nthaka. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa masika, ubwamuna umayambitsidwa m'nthaka:

• superphosphate - kwa lalikulu lalikulu, 15-20 g ndi yokwanira;
• potaziyamu mankhwala enaake - 10 sq.m ndikofunikira kutenga 45-50 g.

Patatha zaka zitatu mutabzala, ndikofunikira kupenda mizu yazomera. Sayenera kuloledwa kukwera pamwamba pa nthaka. Izi zitha kubweretsa imfa yachikhalidwe chokongoletsa. Pankhani yogawa masamba ogulitsira, ndikofunikira kuti mupangitse zomwe zili ndi lupine.

Posankha dongosolo la kuthirira, ndikofunikira kulingalira momwe dothi limapangidwira. Chomera chimafuna chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka panthawi yamapangidwe a mphukira ndipo mutangobzala.

Maluwa akutchire

Zojambula Zosamalira Zima

Ngakhale kuthana ndi chisanu kwambiri, alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti asanyalanyaze kukonzekera tchire kuzizira.

• Pakati pa nthawi yophukira, gawo limodzi mwa mbewu zomwe zimatulutsa pamwamba pamtunda zadulidwa.
• Tchire ndi lotupa kuti khosi lozika mizu lisakutidwa.
• Pamwamba panthaka pamakutidwa ndi dothi la utuchi. Makulidwe oyenera akhale mkati mwa masentimita 5-7.

Pamene lupins pachimake

Nthawi yamaluwa ya lupine yooneka ngati kandulo imayamba kumapeto kwa Meyi. Sangalalani ndi mitundu ya chic yomwe mungathe masabata atatu okha. Pang'onopang'ono, maburashi amataya mawonekedwe awo okongoletsa, ndipo pansi pomwe ovary mbewu imayamba.

Kutalika kwa mabulashi okhala ndi masamba ambiri kumatha kupitirira masentimita 50. Maluwa amapentedwa ndi zoyera, zachikaso, lalanje, zofiira, zapinki, zofiirira, zamtambo komanso zamtambo. Otsala adabzala mitundu yomwe, munthawi yamaluwa, amasangalatsa wamaluwa ndi maluwa abuluu oyera ndi oyera oyera. Mitundu iwiri ya lupine ndiyotchuka kwambiri.

Kodi lupins zimaswana bwanji?

Maluwa atha kubzalidwa ndi mbeu ndikudula.

Mbewu

M'chaka choyamba mutabzala mbewu za lupine, kusilira maluwa a chic sangathe kuchita bwino.

Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera

1. M'masabata oyambilira a Okutobala, kukumbani malo omwe akufuna kubzala mbewu. Pochulukirapo, mchenga ndi phulusa lamatabwa zimawonjezedwa m'nthaka.
2. Mu Epulo, ma grooves adafukulidwa ndikufikira, komwe akufikira 18-20 mm. Pakati pa mitengo ndiyofunikira kusiya mtunda wa 40-55 cm.
3. Mbewu zimatetezedwa m'mayankho a fungicidal wothandizira. Pambuyo pouma, njere zimayikidwa m'manda.
4. Kuwaza mbewu ndi dothi, mutha kupita kukanyowetsa nthaka. Mphukira zoyambirira ziyenera kuyembekezedwa pambuyo pa masiku 14-15.
5. Tsamba lachiwiri litawonekera pachitsamba, mutha kuyamba kumeza mbande m'munda wosankhidwa kale. Pakati pa tchire ndikofunikira kusiya mtunda wa 40-50 cm.

Ndondomeko yothandizila kukula mbande kunyumba

1. Musanadzalemo, ndikofunikira kuyamba kukonzekera dothi losakanikirana ndi mchenga, nthaka yamtundu ndi peat.
2. Nthaka imatsanuliridwa m'mbale zokhala ndi ngalande yoyikamo madzi, ndipo ma dothi amatulutsidwa, ndi kuya kwa 18 mm. Gawo laling'ono la peat limaphwanyidwa pamwambapa.
3. Zomwe muli ndi mbewu zimakutidwa ndi zinthu za polyethylene ndikuzitumiza kuchipinda chofunda. Pambuyo pa masabata angapo, mutha kuwona mphukira zoyambirira.
4. Masamba 2-3 akangowoneka pa mbande, mutha kubzala mbewu panthaka.

Lupine

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Kodi maluwa ena akuthengo angafalitsidwenso bwanji? Muzochitika pamene zodulidwazo zikuchitika mu kasupe, mapangidwe a inflorescence oyamba angayembekezere kale kugwa.

Dongosolo lokulembanso:

1. Kuyambira r basto basal, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba ophukira, odulidwa amatuta. Njira zimafunika kudula ndi khosi mizu.
2. Kwa masiku 14 mpaka 15, zodulidwa zouma zimayikidwa mu osakaniza wothira bwino wokhala ndi dothi ndi mchenga wamtsinje.
3. Mizu yatsopano ikangapangidwa, zotengera zokhala ndi mizu yodulidwa zimatha kusamutsidwa kukhonde. Pambuyo sabata lina, ndikofunikira kubzala zitsamba poyera. Osasunga mbande mumiphika kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula kwa lupine

Ziphuphu zimatha kutenga matenda ndi tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri tchire limatsutsa:

• zovala.
• tumphuka;
• nsabwe za m'masamba.

Nthawi zambiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayamba nthawi ya maluwa. Kuteteza mbewu, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kukonza sikuyenera kukhala tchire kokha, komanso dothi. Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ndi awa:

• Aktaru;
• Angio;
• Kalipso.

Mwa zina mwazovuta zazikulu zomwe lupine imayamba kugwa, imatha kusiyanitsa:

• mawanga a bulauni;
• ufa wowonda;
• zowola zakuda.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tomwe timasamba bwino madambo. Popewa kupezeka kwa matenda, muyenera kupereka zokonda posankha malo obzala, dzuwa malo. Tchire loyambukiridwa liyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Minda yotsalira idapakidwa ndi yankho la sulufule ya colloidal.

Akatswiri apanga malingaliro angapo okulira nyemba za nkhandwe zathanzi komanso kuthana ndi zovuta zilizonse:

• Mu malo omwewo, lupin osatha sichitha kufesedwa mopitilira 1 pakatha zaka 4.
• Pakadali pakati pa kubzala lupine, ndibwino kubzala mbewu monga chimanga.
• Ndikofunikira kuti udzu uchotse udzu m'nthawi yake ndikuwachitira ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo nthawi yayitali.

Zosiyanasiyana Lupine zosiyanasiyana

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Ziphuphu ndi zomera zodabwitsa zomwe zingabweretse zolemba zachilengedwe komanso zochokera kumunda wamaluwa uliwonse. Okonza malo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, onse pagulu komanso ikubwera limodzi. Maluwa a kandulo ndi abwino kubzala pafupi ndi kapinga. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ndi mwayi wosakayikira.

Zomera zosasamala, zotchedwa nkhandwe, zimakongoletsa dimba lililonse. Nthawi zambiri olima maluwa amakonda kudziwa ngati nkotheka kuyika lupins kunyumba? Zomera zimatha kubzala osati potseguka, komanso miphika. Bwanji osabzala maluwa awa pakhonde lanu. Mitundu yambiri imalola aliyense wobzala kusankha mtundu wokongoletsa momwe angafune.