Knifofiya - kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Malo obadwira a knifophia ndi dzuwa la ku Africa. Itha kukhala nthawi yapadera m'mundamu, duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutchera mitengo. Chimakula chonse monga chimodzichimodzi ndikuphatikiza ndi maluwa ena. Nkhaniyi pansipa ikufotokoza momwe knifophia amawonekera, kubzala ndi kusamalira duwa poyera.

Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical

Duwa la Kniphofia (Kniphofia) ndi maluwa osatha. Ndi gawo la a Asphodelovs subfamily, banja la a Xantorrevs. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira, opakidwa utoto wonyezimira. Tchire limapanga rosette yoyambira.

Zikuwoneka bwanji

Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera

Chomera knizofiya chimayamba mbiri yake kuyambira zaka za zana la 18. Adatchulidwa pambuyo pa asayansi aku Germany E.I. Kniphof. Adagwira ntchito paminda ndikukhala yemwe adafotokozera koyamba za chomera knizofiya.

Mawonekedwe

Mwapadera wa inflorescence ndi kuthekera kwawo kusintha mitundu. Choyamba, masamba amakhala ndi tint yofiira, kenako amatembenukira malalanje, kenako amapanga utoto wonyezimira.

Kufotokozera zamitundu

Mpaka pano, mitundu 75 ya knizofia imadziwika. Ambiri aiwo amakula kokha m'maiko otentha a Africa. Mu chilengedwe cha Middle Strip, ndizotheka kukulitsa ena okha.

Knifofia Tukka

Knifofiya Tukka ndi mtundu wodabwitsa. Mtundu wa inflorescence umatha kukula mpaka 15 cm, ndipo mmera umafika kutalika masentimita 80. Iyi ndiye mitundu yolimbana kwambiri ndi chisanu yomwe imalekerera kutentha kwambiri. Itha kumalidwa mumphika kunyumba.

Onani za Tukka

Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi iyi:

• knifofiya Alkazar. Kutalika kwa 80 cm, maluwa a lalanje;
• Fleming Torch. Ndiwowoneka wosakanizidwa pakati pa ena chifukwa cha kukula kwake kocheperako. Amakula mpaka 65 cm.

Knifofiya mabulosi

Ndi mtundu wamtali. Ma Peduncle amatha mpaka 2 m, ndipo inflorescence mpaka masentimita 25. Berry knifofiya amatchedwanso Tritoma.

Grandiflora

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya mabulosi knifofiya:

• Popsicle. Pansipa pali ma inflorescence achikasu owala, ndipo pamwambapa pali matanthwe;
• Martian. Amamera mpaka 1.5 m. Maluwa amatha kukhala opinki kapena ofiira. Ndiwokonda kutentha, polumikizanapo ndi kuyenera kubzala m'malo opepuka;
• Makowena. Imakula mpaka kukula. Maluwa amafikira 10-15 masentimita, masamba ake ndi lalanje ndi utoto wagolide. Chimalekerera chinyezi chachikulu.

Zophatikiza Knifophia

Zophatikiza knifofiya - chomera chowetedwa chokhala mtundu wa mabulosi.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yamitundu:

• Cobra. Imakhala ndi nthawi ya maluwa. Ma Bud akuyamba kuphuka kokha mu Ogasiti. Maluwa amapezeka chisanu woyamba;
• Roketi. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Sichikulidwe m'munda. Tchire limafika mpaka masentimita 50. Maluwa ndi ofiira ochepa. Mutabzala pamalo otseguka, imayamba kutulutsa pakatha miyezi 1-2;
• Kadinala. Mtunduwu ndi wamtali, womwe umafikira mita 1.5. Maluwa ndi ofiira owala.

Mitundu ina yotchuka ya duwa lomwe limafunsidwa ndi monga:

• Buku la Thomson. Chomera chimatha kufika 3 m;
• Dr. Kerr. Ili ndi kutalika kwa mita, ndipo inflorescence ndi 25-30 cm.
• Kukongola kwa Orange. Amakula mpaka mamita 2. Masamba amatambasulidwa mpaka 50 cm.

Momwe angasamalire

Kusamalira ndi kulima kwa Knifofiya kumafuna zovuta, chifukwa kumayambira ku Africa. Kuti duwale bwino, duwa limafunikira dzuwa tsiku lonse. Simalola mthunzi ndi zojambula, komanso chinyezi chambiri.

Kuthirira

Knifofiya ndi chomera cholimbana ndi chinyezi, motero, sichifunikira kuthirira ochuluka.

Kuwaza

Sikufunika kuwaza chomera, popeza sichikonda chinyezi chambiri.

Chinyezi

Popeza knifofiya ndiwofatsa kwambiri kumunyontho wambiri, ndibwino kuti ibzale paphiri pomwe pali dongosolo labwino lokwanira.

Dothi

Dothi lamchenga ndiloyenera mbewu yomwe ikufunsidwa. Iyenera kumasulidwa ndikuthira manyowa. Pansi pa dzenje, pomwe amakonza chodzala mbewuyo, kuyala ngalande, kenako ndikudzaza ndi dothi labwino.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuvala pansi pa chitsamba cha knifofiya, motsogozedwa ndi malamulo awa:

• woyamba ukasiya, umuna umakhala ndi nayitrogeni;
• patapita kanthawi, kuphatikiza feteleza wachilengedwe kumachitika: humus, kompositi, peat;
• maluwa atamalizidwa, potaziyamu kapena phulusa limawonjezeredwa. Izi zimalola kuti chomera chilolere chisanu bwino.

Zojambula Zosamalira Zima

Kutengera ndi dera lanyengo, kuzizira kwa knizofia kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• kum'mwera kwa dziko. Chomera sichinakumba, koma chimabala. Pofika nthawi yophukira, masamba amamangidwa kuti chinyontho chisalowe mkati. Tchire limakonkhedwa ndi masamba kapena yokutidwa ndi filimu. Munthawi imeneyi, duwa limatha kusinthitsa kutentha mpaka -15 ° C;
• Madera akumpoto. Padera, duwa silisiyidwa. Amakumba ndikuuchotsa mu chidebe. Iyenera kukhala ndi dothi lokwanira komanso michere lapansi. Mdziko lino, knizofia amatha nthawi yachisanu kutentha kwambiri osachepera 8 ° C.

Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani

Peduncle ndi wamkulu. Pamene knifofiya limamasula: kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembara. Phula limakhala ndi inflorescence yamitundu yambiri. Amatchedwanso kuti spiky mwanjira ina. Maluwa amatulutsa pang'onopang'ono.

Knifofiya: Kukula kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba

Knifofiya imafalikira ndi mbewu komanso njira yamasamba. Kukula ndi mbewu kunyumba ndi njira yovuta, chifukwa imakhala ndi zovuta zambiri:

• kulimbikitsa anthu ambiri;
• kumadera akumpoto ndi pakati kulibe dzuwa lokwanira kukula.

Mbewu zokha zomwe zimagulidwa m'sitolo ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zofesedwa mu theka lachiwiri la Marichi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi chinyezimiro chabwino, kukhala chomasuka komanso chopatsa thanzi. Chombocho chimakutidwa ndi kanema kwa masabata awiri. Nthawi zina, kanema amafunika kuchotsedwa kuti mpweya wabwino uyeretse nthaka. Pang'onopang'ono, mphukira yoyamba ikaphuka, chomera chimazolowera kutentha kwa chipinda. Masamba awiri akapangidwa, mbewu imabzalidwa mumzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Tikugulitsa ikuchitika mu Julayi. Knifofiya ayamba kuphuka mchaka chachitatu.

Kukula mbande

Njira yamasamba

Chomera chikakhala ndi zaka zitatu, chimakhala ndimiyendo ya mwana wamkazi. Zitha kuchotsedwa kuti zifalikire mbewu. Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, malo ogulitsawa amawasiyanitsa ndi mpeni wakuthwa. Malo odula amayesedwa bwino ndi kukonzedwa ndi makala. Kwa magawo aakazi, amafunika kukonzekera zitsime pasadakhale. Ayenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi labwino. Zomera zopatukana zimasulidwa maola angapo mutatha kupatukana. Choyamba, kuthirira kochuluka kwa mbewu kumachitika, kenako, ndikamakula, kamodzi pa sabata.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Matenda ena owopsa komanso tizirombo titha kuwononga bukuli.

• Mwa tizirombo, tizilombo timene timadya masamba (nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata za akangaude) ndizofala. Amawoneka pa mbande. Kuti muwachotse, ndikofunikira kupopera ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo.
• Mwa matenda, zowola ndizofala. Amamera pamizu. Chomwe chikuwonekera ndikukutunga nthaka. Choyamba, mizu imachiritsidwa ndi fungicide. Ngati izi sizigwira ntchito, ndiye kuti tchire lomwe limadwala limachotsedwa kuti matenda asafalikire.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira knifofiya ndi njira yovuta. Izi ndichifukwa choti mbewuyi idachokera ku Africa. Zimafunika dzuwa ndi kutentha kwambiri. Choopsa kwambiri kwa iye ndi chinyezi chambiri, chomwe chingayambitse matendawa. Mulimonsemo, iwo omwe adayesa kubzala chodabwitsa ichi adzasangalatsa ndi maluwa awo osazolowereka.