Matenda a Petunia - bwanji masamba amasamba achikasu?

Matenda a Petunia amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana ndikuwonekera pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Mutha kuthana ndi ambiri a iwo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta komanso njira. Kenako chomera chimaphukira kwambiri ndikusangalatsa maso ndi masamba obiriwira.

Matenda a Petunia ndi chithandizo chawo

Kuti azikongoletsa malo panjira ya dimba, alimi ambiri amabzala mitengo. Tchire lobiriwira limaphukira bwino ndipo ndizosavuta kuwasamalira. Koma nthawi zambiri mbewuyi imakhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo.

Petunias m'munda

Mndandanda wamavuto ndiwofunikira, womwe umasokoneza wamaluwa wosazindikira. Mukazindikira vuto lalikulu, yankho lake lidzawonekera lokha.

Chifukwa chiyani masamba a petunia amatembenukira chikasu: choti achite

Duwa lobzalidwa pabedi la maluwa mumsewu kapena mumphika wamaluwa nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi nyengo zovuta kapena zina zakunja. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa masamba a petunia kusanduka achikasu, komanso chochita ndi izi kuti abwezeretse momwe zimakhalira:

• Kupanda kuyatsa kungayambitse kusintha kwa masamba ndi kusamba. Muyenera kuyika maluwa padera. Podzala, muyenera kusankha malo otseguka;
• tsamba lachikasu likhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha nsabwe za m'masamba. Ndikofunikira kukonza gawo la chomera ndi chida chapadera;
• Ngati masamba apamwamba amasanduka achikasu, dothi limasowa michere. Ndikofunikira kupanga feteleza.

Masamba achikasu

Pali zosankha zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti petunia asanduke chikaso, koma zimaphatikizidwa ndi matenda ena ake a chomera.

Chifukwa chiyani petunia samachita maluwa

Alimi amalima amayamikira petunias chifukwa cha kubzala komanso maluwa opitilira muyeso omwe amakongoletsa bedi lililonse la maluwa. Nthawi zina chitsamba chimafikira kukula komwe kukufunako, koma mulibe maluwa, ndiye muyenera kudziwa vutoli, ndipo mwina kangapo.

Zifukwa zomwe petunia samatulutsa pakulima:

• Kutentha kolakwika. Ngati usiku wozizira kapena masiku angapo a mvula akuwonedweratu, ndibwino kuphimba chitsamba ndi chipewa cha pulasitiki. Pa kutentha, mutha kukonzekeretsa mthunzi yaying'ono;
• Maluwa atsopano sangamasuke ngati simuchotsa masamba owuma kale kapena munthawi yake. Njira yakuyeretsera koteroko imatenga nthawi yambiri, koma kuperekanso maluwa;
• kuvala mosayenera pamtunda kumathanso kukoka kwamaluwa a petunias: masamba sadzakhala mchikakamizo cha zinthu zambiri zotsata.

Osati zotulutsa

Chifukwa chiyani petunia amauma komanso choti achite

Duwa limatha kuuma pazifukwa zingapo:

• oversupply (nyengo yozizira) kapena kusowa chinyezi (nyengo yotentha);
• nthawi zambiri maluwa amtunduwu amabzalidwa m'malo ovalira maluwa ndikuyika nyumbayo, pamakhonde. Kuperewera kwa mpweya wabwino ndi komwe kumayambitsa matendawa;
• kugwiritsa ntchito madzi olimba panthawi yothirira;
• kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha.

Kuyanika pang'onopang'ono

Matenda osiyanasiyana komanso tizirombo tingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu, chifukwa, kuyanika kwa tsinde. Njira yokhayo pankhaniyi ndikusintha maluwa kukhala mphika wamaluwa watsopano.

Chifukwa chiyani petunias ali ndi masamba omata: choti achite

Mitundu ina imawonetsa kukhathamira kwamasamba, zomwe sizowopsa. Koma pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti petunia akhale ndi masamba omata, chochita nawo, muyenera kusankha mwachangu. Ngati mawanga a bulauni kapena imvi alipo pansi pa masamba, mbewuyo imakhala ndi aphid. Nthawi yomweyo muyenera kuthira chitsamba ndi njira yolimbana ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.

Nsabwe za maluwa

Chifukwa chiyani petunia amawuma, komanso momwe mungasungire duwa

Choyambitsa kupukutira kwathunthu kwa chomera chimatha kukhala kuvunda kwa mizu kapena kuola imvi. Pali njira imodzi yokha yobwezeretsanso duwa - kuyika chitsamba kupita kwina, mphika, mphika, pomwe udadula kale mizu yowonongeka.

Kodi chlorosis wa petunia amawonetsedwa bwanji?

Matendawa ndi owopsa ndipo amafunika kuthetseratu mwachangu. Cholembera chachitsulo cha Petunia chikuwonetsedwa motere:

• Masamba amasanduka achikasu, ndipo mitsempha imakhala yobiriwira;
• m'mbali mwa mbale matumbo;
• magawo onse a gawo lapamwambapa asintha mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa chlorosis

Ngati chlorosis singalandidwe, mmera udzafa. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yomenyera ndikusilira dothi latsopano kapena kuthira feteleza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo chitsulo.

Powdery mildew pa petunias: momwe angamenyere

Pakhoza kukhala magwero angapo matenda: spores kuchokera kumtunda kumtunda, madzi owonongeka, zomera zodwala pafupi. Matendawa amayambitsidwa mwachangu. Powdery mildew pa petunia ikuwoneka motere:

• Chikwangwani chofewa chomwe chimafanana ndi ufa;
• Panthawi yakuchulukirachulukira, madontho amadzimadzi amadzimadzi onga mame amapangidwa pamasamba;
• ndiye kuti kuwalako kumawonekera kukhala kutumphuka koyera.

Powdery mildew

Ngati chomera sichikuthandizira ufa wa thonje, chitsamba chizivunda. Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa ziwalo zowonongeka kwambiri zamagawo a mlengalenga, pamwamba pa dothi, kenako utsi ndi chida chapadera.

Fusarium Petunias

Matendawa amatengeka ndi kuphulika kwa ziwiya za mbewu ndi bowa. Zizindikiro za fusarium zikufotokoza motere:

• Choyamba m'munsi mwa chitsamba chimasanduka chikaso;
• ndiye kuti phesi limazirala;
• Gawo lotsatira ndi kuwola.

Zotsatira zake, njira za metabolic ndi mfundo za kakulidwe ka njere, mbewu, masamba zimaphwanyidwa. Matenda a Fusarium amafunika chithandizo chokwanira: kusintha kwa dothi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi othandizira, kuthirira.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda

Matenda aliwonse a petunia amayamba chifukwa cha chisamaliro chokha, komanso zovuta zoyipa zakunja. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi izi:

• kuphwanya kutentha kwa boma;
• kuthirira kolakwika;
• kusowa kwachitsulo m'nthaka.

Zitsanzo za maluwa abwino

Kuti mbewuyo isadziwike ndi matenda amitundu yosiyanasiyana, muyenera kudziwa malamulo oyendetsera maluwa.

Kuphwanya kotentha

Chomera sichingathe kuphuka ngati boma lotentha likuphwanyidwa. Nthawi yabwino yodziwika bwino yoyambira maluwa kuchokera pa 20 ° C mpaka 30 ° C.

Ngati nyengo ili yamvula ndipo pali mitambo chilimwe chonse, ndiye kuti msipu wamtchire udzawala, ndipo masamba sadzaphukira konse. Chilimwe chikatentha kwambiri, maluwa amawuma ndikugwa kuyambira pomwe.

Kuthilira kuphwanya

Ngati chitsamba chikuyamba kusintha mtundu, mawonekedwe kapena kuzimiririka, ndiye kuti muyenera kukhazikitsa boma loyendetsa madzi. Chizindikiro choyamba cha ulimi wothirira wosakongola ndi chikasu cha mlengalenga. Zomwe sizingachitike:

• Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oundana kapena madzi ozizira kuthirira. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito okhazikika;
• Dzazani maluwa ndi madzi ngati dothi loti dambo lisanime. Pambuyo kuthilira, ndikofunikira kumasula gawo lapansi lapamwamba;
• mbande zazing'ono zidzafa pomwepo, ngati muthira mu ndowa, ndibwino kupopera.

Malamulo Othirira

Kutsirira kumakhala ntchito yosavuta mukaganizira malamulo atatu awa odana ndi malamulo.

Kusowa kwazitsulo

Ngati mitundu ya tchire itayamba kuzimiririka, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa chitsulo m'nthaka. Zinthu zoterezi ndizofunikira kwa petunia. Ndikofunikira kudyetsa duwalo mwa kupopera kapena kuthirira.

Matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi chinyezi chambiri

Sikovuta kukula duwa ngati mutakhazikitsa boma lothirira. Kenako sipangakhale mavuto ndi matenda omwe amalumikizidwa ndi chinyezi chambiri:

• kuvunda kwa mizu;
• masamba a petunia amatembenukira chikasu kuchokera ku chinyezi chochulukirapo;
• chitsamba chimayamba kuzimiririka ndi kutaya masamba ndi masamba.

Kuthirira Matenda

Mukakhazikitsa kuthirira, mutha kuthana ndi mawonekedwe owonetsa.

Kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda

Matenda a Petunia ndi kulimbana nawo amatsimikiziridwa ndi malamulo osamalira ndi kukula. Pofuna kuti tisayambitse matenda, tiyenera kupewa njira zodzitetezera. Mutha kuyambitsa kudziletsa kwa tizilombo, maphikidwe a wowerengeka ndi othandiza.

Momwe mungachiritsire wowerengeka azitsamba

Sizofunikira kugula ndalama m'masitolo apadera; mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa bwino. Mutha kuthana ndi matenda mothandizidwa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba:

• kulowetsedwa kwa adyo (sungunulani 20 g wa adyo mu madzi okwanira 1 litre), omwe amafunikira kutsitsi. Adzapulumutsa ku tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana;
• phulusa la soda (20 g) + chowongolera chosesa (5 g) + madzi (5 l). The zikuchokera pokonza nthaka ndi chitsamba;
• mpiru ufa (20 g) + 5 l amadzi. Chochita chimathiridwa pamalopo pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti.

Njira zowerengeka za anthu azirombo

Pali mitundu yambiri ya maphikidwe, omwe ndi othandiza komanso njira yogwiritsira ntchito.

Kupewa komanso kuteteza ziweto ku tizirombo ndi matenda

Chomera chimakopa tizirombo tambiri ndi fungo lake komanso kapangidwe kake ka zinthu zakuthambo. Tizilombo todziwika bwino ta petunia:

• nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimadetsa masamba;
• bulangeti, lomwe lawononga chitsamba;
• kangaude wazolowera tsinde la chomera;
• kupindika kumasiya mikwingwirima imvi pambale zobiriwira.

Makamaka tizirombo nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zomwe zimamera munthaka. Chifukwa chake, mfundo zoyendetsera ndi kupewa zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zochita zina. Ndikofunikira kuthirira bwino, kukonza magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino komanso kutulutsa kavalidwe kakang'ono.

Kusamalidwa koyenera

Musanabzalire maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale yofunikira, ndikofunikira kuyigwiritsa ntchito feteleza zochuluka. Tsamba losankhidwa bwino kubzala ndi chitsimikizo cha kukula kwabwino ndi chitukuko. Muyeneranso kulinganiza kuyatsa kwabwino. Ndikofunika kuti muchepetse njira zowonjezera.

Choyimira cholephera kwa wamaluwa ndikuwonongeka kwa mitundu yomwe yatenga nthawi yayitali kuti isamalire. Zimakhumudwitsa makamaka mukamadikirira maluwa okongola a petunias, omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chambiri, ndipo sizichitika. Nthawi yomweyo muyenera kuyang'ana chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa kapena mawonekedwe a tizirombo, kenako yambani kulandira chithandizo.