Kwa okonda maluwa Ensembles mu nyumba, zosowa bougainvillea ndi wowoneka bwino. Musanayambe chomera ndikukula, muyenera kuphunzira za zomwe amakonda, chilengedwe. Alimi a maluwa odziwa ntchito amachenjeza kuti chikhalidwe cha zosowa ndi zachilendo.
Kumusamalira kuyenera kukhala kokwanira. Ngati mutsatira malingaliro onse, nyumbayo imakongoletsedwa ndi chitsamba chamaluwa chomwe chimamasula kwa miyezi 5 pachaka. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti duwa la bougainvillea limabweretsa chitukuko ndi chuma kwa eni ake.
Mbiri yakale
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mbewuyi idapezeka ndi oyenda omwe adafika madera akunyanja ku Brazil. Mmenemo adawona chitsamba chowoneka ngati liana chokhala ndi miyala yayikulu yayikulu. Pambuyo pake zidapezeka kuti chomera chimamveka bwino m'malo otentha komanso ozungulira padziko lapansi. Tsopano chitsamba chikutha kuwoneka kumwera kwa Russia, ku Turkey, Italy, ndi zina.
Bougainvillea imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zowala komanso zabwino kwambiri.
Amamva bwino komwe kuli dzuwa lochulukirapo, ndipo nthawi yozizira, kutentha sikugwera pansi + 6 ... +3 madigiri. Kusamalira kunyumba ku Bougainvillea kumatanthauza chisamaliro chokwanira. Zitsanzo zochepa chabe zomwe zimamera kunyumba, ndizovuta kulima mpesa m'chipindacho.
Tcherani khutu! Maluwa adalandira dzina lachilendo komanso lalitali kuchokera kwa Louis Antoine de Bougainville, woyendetsa ndege wochokera ku France. Anabweretsa chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri kudziko lakwawo. Bougainvillea nthawi yomweyo idayamba kulawa oimira olemekezeka.
Zojambula ndi kufotokozera kwa duwa
Bougainvillea ndi nthumwi ya banja la dicotyledonous mbewu Nochaceae (Niktaginovye). Awa ndi liana omwe amamatira kuminga ndi ma spikes ndikuwombera ndikufikira. Nthawi zina, ndimtengo waung'ono.
Ma sheet a platinamu ambiri opanga ma emerald, pamakhala kuwala kobiriwira komanso mitundu mitundu. Amawoneka ngati dzira lalitali, pamphumi pake pomwe pali mfundo. Masamba ang'onoang'ono - kuyambira 2 mpaka 5 cm.
Thunthu lake ndi lamphamvu, mitengo ndi yamphamvu, yokhazikika. Makungwa ake amakhala ansalu, odera.
Gawo lokongola kwambiri limaonedwa kuti ndi mabrakes, omwe amakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikasu kapena achikasu a bougainvillea. Ndiwo mabatani omwe amatulutsa chomera adatengera maluwa akulu. Mabulogi ndi owonda, achisomo. Palibe amene amawonetsa mitsempha yopyapyala. Mabulogu ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana: kuchokera kumapangidwe atatu, kuzungulira mpaka pamtima. Chifukwa cha izi, mbewuyo imatchedwa "maluwa apepala".
Mitundu yamaluwa ya Bicolor
Ma Broker amasangalatsidwa ndi mitundu. Amatha kukhala pinki, lilac, ofiira, ofiira, kirimu, oyera. Broker amatha kuwoneka nthawi yonse ya maluwa a bougainvillea. Nthawi yomweyo, maluwa amagwa mwachangu kuposa ma pepala "owala" owala.
Zosiyanasiyana za Bougainvillea
Pali mitundu yopitilira 12 ya mitundu ya mbewu za thermophilic. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi mitundu ya ku Brazil (yamaliseche komanso yodabwitsa). Popita nthawi, mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana idabadwa. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- hybrids;
- terry;
- kusintha kwa khungu;
- mamvekedwe awiri;
- ndi masamba osiyanasiyana;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bonsai.
Mitundu ya ku Brazil
Mwa mitundu ya ku Brazil, odziwika kwambiri ndi nyumba:
- maliseche bougainvillea;
- bougainvillea wodabwitsa.
Akapukutidwa - ndi mpesa, wotambalala kuchokera pansi mpaka mamita 3-6. Ali ndi thunthu losalala. Kunyumba, nyengo yamaluwa imatenga miyezi yoposa 8-9.
Chimodzi mwa mitundu ya ku Brazil
Wodabwitsa (dzina lina - lokongola) mpesa wokhala ndi spikes limakula mpaka mamita 13.5. Kusiyana kwake kukukula msanga kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ma bracts amasintha mtundu kuchokera ku pinki yowala kumayambiriro kwa maluwa kukhala oyera oyera kumapeto kwa maluwa. Kuphatikiza apo, korona wokufalikira amatha kubisa masamba onse.
Zambiri. Lingaliro labwino limatengedwa ngati mankhwala. Zina mwa mbewu zimathandizira kutsokomola, zilonda zapakhosi, komanso kudzimbidwa.
Zophatikiza
M'kati mwa bougainvillea nthawi zina pamakhala ma hybrbr omwe amaberekera makamaka kuswana m'nyumba. Ali ndi ma bracts owala, mawonekedwe ang'ono, mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono komanso kusowa kwa zizindikiro za lianoid. Zophatikiza zotsatirazi ndizodziwika:
- Sanderian;
- Boot;
- Glabra Donker;
- Donya
- Zoyipa zoyera.
Mitundu ya ma hybrids ndi yosiyana: kuchokera ku pinki yotuwa, ya golide, yofiyira mpaka yoyera ndi njovu.
Terry mitundu
Mitundu iyi imadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kachulukidwe ka stipule. Gawo lomwe limadutsamo limafanana ndi mitambo yowala. Mwachitsanzo, iyi ndi bougainvillea golide wapawiri. Oimira otchuka a mitundu ya terry:
- Lilarouz. Osiyana ndi chosazindikira. Magawo ake amatha kukhala salimoni, flamingo, violet.
- Wapinki wapinki. Pamaziko a stipule, ma toni obiriwira amatha kuwoneka.
- Zosinthidwa kawiri. Zosintha pamitundu yofiira ya petals.
Woimira Terry
- Don Mario. Mtundu wokongola ndi ma petals ku Bordeaux.
Kusintha kwa utoto
Mitundu yachilendo imaphatikizapo:
- Bois De Roses;
- Chikhulupiriro
- Golide wa ku Thailand.
Mitundu yoyamba imasintha mtundu wamitundu ina kuchokera pa lalanje kupita ku lawi. Gawo lachiwiri limachokera ku rasipiberi kupita ku zonona. Lachitatu ndi loti golide mpaka pinki.
Mitundu iwiri-mitundu
Komanso ndi maluwa okongola modabwitsa. Mwa otchuka - Strawberry Lace, Snowcap Multi. Mtambo wa maluwa osiyanasiyana umakhala ndi pinki komanso chipale chofewa.
Zosiyanasiyana
Nyumbayo azikongoletsedwa ndi bougainvilleas yokhala ndi mbale zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Masamba a mitundu iyi amakhala ndi mtundu wa emarodi, womwe umayandikana ndi chikasu, imvi. Mitunduyi imaphatikizapo:
- Delta Dawn;
- San Diego Red Variegata;
- Ice rasipiberi
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Zosiyanasiyana za Bonsai
Mitundu ya Evergreen ndi yoyenera ku zaluso zamasiku akale achi Bonsai:
- Spectabilis;
- Speciosa;
- Mini-tai.
Thirani mutagula
Kusamalira ndi kukonza kwa Bougainvillea kumayamba ndi ntchito yabwino atalandira. Pambuyo pa sitolo, chitsamba chowala sichitha kuyika pomwepo pawindo kapena kuyikidwanso m'munda wina pafupi ndi mbewu zina. Ayenera kukhala kwaokha masiku 10. Kuti achite izi, amaziyeretsa pamalo osiyana ndi ena pomwe 23 + ... +25 ndi kuwala kokwanira. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imasinthidwa.
Zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa
Mwini wa bougainvillea akuyenera kukonzekera:
- mphika;
- kusakaniza kwa dothi;
- ngalande;
- thandizo.
Mphika
Pakujambulira, muyenera kugula osati kwambiri voliyumu, koma mphika waluso. Kukula kwake kuyenera kuyenderana ndi mizu ya duwa. Musanasankhe mphika, muyenera kudziwa momwe bougainvillea imakulira komanso kuchuluka kwake. Chomera chimakula kwa zaka zosachepera 8-10. Mizu yake ikukula chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, kuziika ziyenera kuchitidwa nthawi imodzi m'miyezi 12.
Zofunika! Mukamagula chidebe chachikulu kwambiri, madzi amadzagwera pamenepo, mbewuyo ikadwala.
Kusakaniza kwa dothi
Nthaka ndi yopepuka, koma yosakanikirana ndi loam, makala. Iyenera kukhala chisakanizo cha dimba lamunda ndi zowonjezera zina.
Manda
Monga ngalande yoyenera khungwa, timiyala, timamadzi, polystyrene.
Prop
Khomali, phesi, singano yoluka imatha kukhala thandizo.
Nyumba yatsopano
Zabwino koposa zonse, bougainvillea imadzimva dzuwa lanyumba. Amasowa dzuwa mwachindunji kwa maola osachepera 12 patsiku. Palibenso chifukwa chodera nkhawa za kuwotchedwa - wokhala mmalo otentha amakonda dzuwa. Chachikulu ndichakuti palibe zolemba. Mphepo ndi zojambulajambula ndi adani a chomera chodabwitsa.
Mphika suyenera kukhala wowonda kwambiri
Malo atsopano ayenera kukhala a poto wokhala ndi nyumba ya mitengo yaying'ono kwa nthawi yayitali. Popeza pakati pazinthu zina, bougainvillea, chisamaliro chimangotanthauza malo amodzi. Zochitika zimakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wake.
Kutumiza Kuyenda
Zonse zomwe mukufuna zikakonzedwa, malo omwe mungakongoletsedwe kukongola amasankhidwa, mutha kupita mwachindunji kukayika:
- Choyamba, kusakaniza kwa dothi kumakonzedwa.
- Pambuyo pake, danga lokwanira limayikidwa pansi pa mphika. Iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1-2 cm.
- Ngati mphika ndi wamtali, pansi pake pamadzaza dothi.
- Kuyambanso mwachangu. Muzu wokhala ndi mtanda wina wotulutsidwa mumphika wakale. Amamira mumphika watsopano.
- Ma voids adzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
- Samalani ndi khosi la mizu. Mizu yake imaloledwa. Ndikokwanira kuzama ndi 1 cm.
- Osamayanjana dothi. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lotayirira.
Tcherani khutu! Potseguka, chomera chobalidwa chimakhala chosowa kwambiri komanso kum'mwera kokha. Pakati, pakati, kumpoto kwa Russia, kulima kwa bougainvillea ndi kusamalira kumangotanthauza nyumba.
Kuswana
Kubalana kwa Bougainvillea kumaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo. Zosavuta kwambiri zimawonedwa kuti ndizodulidwa. Cholemetsa kwambiri ndi njira yambewu.
Kudula
Ndikofunikira kutenga phesi kuchokera 8 mpaka 12 cm. Amadulidwa ku chomera chachikulire, chomwe chili ndi zaka zosachepera 4-6. Kwa maola 10, ndodo ya impso imayikidwa mu chopatsira chokulitsa. Mutabzala mumphika wokhala ndi dothi lotayirira lophimba ndi thumba. Pakatha masiku 30, mbewuyo imazika mizu.
Choyamba, zodulirazo zimanyowetsedwa mu chosangalatsa, ndiye kuti zibzalidwe m'nthaka
Mbewu
Fotokozerani maluwa owala amaloledwa ndi njere. Kuti tichite izi, mbewu zimanyowa mu chopatsira chokulitsa, kenako chodzalidwa pansi. Chofunikira ndichoti chidebe chizitenthetsedwa kuchokera pansi kuti mbewu zimve bwino. Pambuyo pa masiku 50-80 okha ndikutha kuwona mbande. Mbewu za bougainvillea zimatha kuchulukana, koma olima maluwa nthawi zambiri samachita izi.
Malangizo Osamalira
Kusamalira ndi kukonza Bougainvillea mu nyumbayo kumatanthauza kwapadera. Kuphatikiza pazodzitetezera ku zojambula, zoyenera kuphimbidwa, musaiwale za mphindi monga:
- kuthirira;
- kuvala kwapamwamba;
- chisamaliro pa maluwa;
- samalira popuma;
- Kukonzekera kwa nyengo yozizira.
Kuthirira
Kutsirira kumachitika ndi madzi okhazikika kamodzi masiku 10. Kusunthika kwa chinyezi sikuyenera kuloledwa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Ndikosatheka kukula duwa lathanzi popanda umuna. Zosakanikirana zovuta za petunias ndizoyenera. Manyowa akhale munthawi ya kukula.
Pa maluwa
Pak maluwa, zosakanikirana zovuta ndizachitsulo zimawonjezeredwa miyezi iwiri iliyonse. Chifukwa chiyani bougainvillea sichikutulutsa? Pali mayankho ambiri ku funso ili. Mwina mbewuyo ndi yozizira kapena yopanda kuwala.
Nthawi yamaluwa, mmera umafunika kuthira manyowa, kuthirira
Kupumula Kwapadera
Mtendere umatha miyezi 4-6. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kusamalira chomera. Iyenera kuyimitsidwa ndikuthiriridwa osaposa nthawi 1 m'masiku 30.
Kukonzekera yozizira
Njira zodzikonzera zimangosintha maluwawo kupita kuchipinda komwe kutentha kumachokera +8 mpaka +16 madigiri. Malo abwino kwambiri kwa iye ndi loggia wachikondi. Osasiya maluwa kufalikira kwa batire.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulima kwa bougainvillea sizitanthauza zovuta, koma popanda thandizo la munthu sangathe kukhala moyo m'nyumba. Chifukwa chake, mwini wake akuyenera kuwunikira momwe zilili kunja kwa mankhwala ena ndikudziwa kuzungulira kwake (kutulutsa maluwa, matalala).