Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ngati palibe nthambi zowuma pachitsamba, kamakula nthawi zambiri, limamasula pakapita nthawi ndikubweretsa zipatso, ndiye kuti simungathe kuzisamalira. Komabe, kwenikweni, kudulira gooseberries ndi njira yovomerezeka, popanda iwo mbewuyo singakule bwino.
Chifukwa ndi chiyani jamu kudula
Gooseberries amatha kupereka mphukira zambiri. Koma ngati simuyang'anira njirayi, chitsamba chizimakula msanga ndipo posachedwa chimasanduka masikono okhala ndi zipatso zazing'ono za acid.
Zolinga zokonzera
Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa osati momwe mungadulire jamu, komanso chifukwa, nthawi yake. Chifukwa choyamba ndikuti nkhokwe zokhala ndi ma spiky mwachidziwikire sizikongoletsa malowa.
Kudulira mabulosi
Komanso:
- ndi kukula kwamphamvu, mphukira zimalandira kuwala pang'ono ndipo zipatso zake ndizochepa;
- chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nthambi, chiwopsezo cha kufalikira kwa matenda ndi kuwonekera kwa tizirombo tambiri;
- mphukira zatsopano zimafunikira michere yambiri, koma chilichonse chimayamba kucheperachepera, ndipo zotsatira zake zimacheperachepera;
- ngati simudulira nthambi kwanthawi yayitali, zimakhazikika, zimayamba kugwa pansi, ndipo patapita nthawi zimazika mizu.
Zotsatira zake, gooseberries samangoleketsa kupatsa mbewu zokha, koma kukhala mnansi woopsa, chifukwa chake matenda ndi tizirombo titha kupitilirabe m'mundawo. Kupanga nthawi yake kumakupatsani mwayi wopewa zonsezi, ngati mungoyeserera pang'ono.
Wopanga ma joseti ndi liti ndipo ndi liti zomwe wolimi aliyense ayenera kudziwa. Cholinga chachikulu cha kubwezeretsaku sikukuchotsa nthambi zakale kapena zodwala, koma kupanga chitsamba chomwe mphukira za mibadwo yosiyanasiyana zidzakhalire, onse omwe ali pachiwonetsero cha zokolola komanso achichepere.
Core zida
Kuchepetsa chitsamba - mulimonse, kuvutika pamtunda, ngakhale chilichonse chitachitika potsatira malamulo onse aukadaulo waulimi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti musankhe zida zoyenera zamunda.
Yang'anani! Zida zonse ziyenera kukhala zabwino - zowoneka bwino, zapamwamba, ngati nkotheka - zatsopano, ndipo ndibwino kusankha zochitika zamagetsi opepuka komanso zokutira ndi raba.
Inde, muyenera kutenga mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri wamundawo, womwe ungayeretse zosemphana ndi zakudutsazo (ndipo mosakhalitsa), komanso wodulira wapamwamba kwambiri. Zida zambiri zolimba sizidzafunika, chifukwa nthambi za jamu sizikuluzikulu. Kupatula ndi tchire zakale - munthambi zache zamtundu wina zimatha kupangika, zomwe zimafunikira chotsekemera chapadera.
Magolovesi otetezera poyenga
Tiyenerabe kusamalira zida zoteteza. Choyamba, awa ndi mittens, popeza tikulankhula za zitsamba zamtengo wapatali. Kachiwiri, timafunikira magalasi apulasitiki oteteza komanso kupuma. Kuchita ntchito yonse yokonzedwera imangokhala mwa iwo kuti fumbi lisalowe m'maso ndi kupuma thirakiti, sikumupangitsa kuti conjunctivitis komanso thupi lawo siligwirizana.
Kapangidwe koyenera ka tchire ka gooseberries
Kuti mudziwe momwe mungayang'anire gooseberries, muyenera kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake. Mtengowo ndi mtengo wokhala ndi mitengo yambiri womwe nthawi zambiri umakula mpaka mpaka masentimita 150.
Pansi pa chitsamba chimatchedwa kuti khosi muzu - mphukira yokutidwa ndi spikes imapangidwa kuchokera ku impso zomwe zimapangidwa pano. Zomera zakale, mizu yolala imatha kukula, mpaka kukula kolimba pakapita nthawi.
Zosangalatsa! Mphukira zatsopano zitha kupanga moyo wonse wachisamba. Pafupifupi, ma jamu obzala momasuka amatha kukhala mpaka mphukira 60, komabe, zipatso zawo zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Zomwe zimamera mkati mwa chitsamba, zipatso zimangokhala pamwamba.
Dongosolo la jamu limatengera momwe chitsamba chinakulira. Ngati kwa mbewu, ndiye kuti chitsamba chimakhala ndi muzu. Ngati tchire lidapezedwa mwaukadaulo, ndiko kuti, kufalitsa kunachitika ndi kudulidwa kapena kuyala, dongosololi lidzapangidwa ndi mizu yapansi.
Kutha kwa gooseberries kubwezeretsa mphukira kumatengera zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya Warsaw ndi Horton imabwezeretsedwa mwachangu. Zotsirizazo zimatha kubzala mpaka nthambi 25-30 pakatha zaka 6. Koma, mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya Phenicum imapereka mphukira zochepa.
M'chaka chachiwiri mutabzala chitsamba, mphukira mizu imamera. Zitha kukhala zazifupi komanso zazitali. Pali zipatso zambiri pazomera zazifupi, zomwe pambuyo pake, patatha zaka 2-3, zimasinthidwa kukhala ma pod. Omaliza amakhala ndi moyo zaka 3-4, kenako nkuuma, koma safunika kudulidwa, iwonso amagwa. Chifukwa cha izi, m'nthambi za zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kapena zisanu ndi zitatu, zokolola zimachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo ndizololedwa kudula.
Ma Bush mapangidwe
Kuti mudulira bwino chitsamba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo pang'onopang'ono zomwe zimaganizira zaka za mtengowo.
Chitsamba cham pachaka
Momwe mungadulire gooseberries:
- kudulira koyamba kumachitika mutabzala mmera pansi;
- mbewu imayang'aniridwa mosamala ndikuchotsa mphukira zonse zofooka, komanso zomwe zimamera mosiyanasiyana;
- Nthambi zotsala zimadulidwa kuti masamba 4-5 akhalebe, kuwerengera kuchokera pansi.
Zofunika! Palibe chomwe mungawononge impso ya zipatso, motero kudulako kumachitika pakadali 50 madigiri, pafupifupi 0.5 cm kuposa mulingo wake.
Zapakati
Kuti muthe kubzala mbewu yabwino mtsogolo, muyenera kufupikitsa nthambi zokhwima ndi pafupifupi chitatu.
Ponena za ziro mphukira, ndiye kuti palimodzi ndi chaka chatha ziyenera kukhalabe pazitali 8.
Zaka zitatu
Kuchepetsa kumachitika molingana ndi mfundo zomwezo monga zaka zam'mbuyomu. Ndiye kuti, mphukira zomwe zidawonekera chaka chino zifupikitsidwa.
Mwa mphukira ziro, zinayi ziyenera kutsalira.
Zaka zachinayi ndi zotsatirazi
Ndikofunikira kuchita kudulira kuti zitheke pofika chaka chachisanu 20 nthambi zamphamvu za mibadwo yosiyana.
M'tsogolomu, mfundo imodzi imawonedwa - nthambi zakale komanso zodwala zimachotsedwa. Zomwe zidatha kale nthawi yawo zimasiyana ndi zina zonse pakhungwa lakuda.
Kudulira kokalamba
Kudzakhala kofunikira kukonzanso chitsamba pofika zaka zisanu ndi zitatu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Ndiye kudulira odana ndi ukalamba kumachitika, pomwe nthambi zokhazikika kwambiri komanso zathanzi zatsalira - payenera kukhala pafupifupi 2/3 mwa izi. Osangokhala nthambi zofooka kapena zowonongeka, koma nthambi zopindika kapena zokhwima kwambiri zidzachotsedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, pazomwe zatsalira, mukufunikiranso kudula pamwamba.
Kuchepetsa chitsamba choyenda
Ngati munakwanitsa kubweretsa chitsamba pamalo abwino, sizingatheke. Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, izi zitha kutenga zaka 2-4.
Wofesa tchire kabichi
Pakudulira koyamba, muyenera kuyesera kuchepera shrub. Ngati ibala zipatso, ndiye kuti kuchokera ku nthambi zaumoyo ndikofunikira kudula zouma zosapindulitsa - pafupifupi mbali yanthambi.
Njira zodziyesera kudulira zitsamba zam'madzi
Kupangidwe kwa gooseberries kumatha kuchitika ndi njira zosagwirizana - muyezo komanso trellis. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Sitampu
Ntchito yodulira motero ndikusintha chitsamba kukhala mtengo wokhala ndi mwendo wautali ndi korona wozungulira. Njirayi ili ndi zabwino zitatu - mawonekedwe okongola a chitsamba, mawonekedwe ake (samakula ndipo satenga malo ambiri) ndikukolola mosavuta.
Kuti mupange muyezo, muyenera kusankha kuwombera mwamphamvu kwambiri kuchokera kwa iwo omwe amakula mokhazikika, popanda kupatuka kumbali, ndipo ena onse amayenera kuchotsedwa. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito kumapeto ofananira nawo, omwe amakula mpaka kukula kwa "korona". Nthawi zambiri, kutalika kwa thunthu ndi pafupifupi mita, ndipo mphukira zonse zakumaso ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse.
Zofunika! Pofuna kutsogolera chisamaliro cha tsinde, wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera thunthu - thunthu kapena chubu chapulasitiki, chomwe chitsamba chomangiracho. Nthawi yomweyo, zimathandizira kukhazikitsa gooseberries nthawi yachisanu.
Pambuyo pochotsa mphukira m'munsi, mapangidwewo amachitika kale malingana ndi chikhalidwe. Chaka chilichonse, mphukira zolimba kwambiri komanso zowoneka bwino ndizotsalira - mpaka zidutswa 5, ndipo zomaliza zimadulidwa. Nthochi zimadulidwanso, zomwe, zikamera, zimasinthidwa kukhala chitsamba.
Kotero kuti mphukira zatsopano sizikuwonekera pansi pa tsinde, mutha kuyimitsa dothi lozungulira chitsamba. Chifukwa cha izi, khungwa lophwanyika limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zikuwoneka zokongola, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimasokoneza kutuluka kwa mphukira yatsopano.
Njira yokhazikika yopangira chitsamba
Fomu yokhazikika ili ndi vuto lalikulu. Sipadzakhalanso kothekanso chitsamba chotere, chifukwa chake, nthawi yake yamoyoyo imachepetsedwa kukhala zaka 10-12. Njira yotumizira ndiyo makonzedwe azotupa pamalowo - kutanthauza kuti, chaka chilichonse kusankha zomera zatsopano kupangira chitsamba, ndikuti zakalezo zizikula.
Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti ma boles amakhala ndi kutsika kwa chisanu komwe kumafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezera.
Zodabwitsika
Kupangidwe kwa chitsamba cha trellis jamu ndi njira inanso yosangalatsa. Panthawi ina, njirayi idawonedwa ngati yapamwamba, chifukwa imawonekanso yokongoletsa kwambiri. Koma chinthu chachikulu ndikuti nthawi yomweyo nthambi zonse zokolola zimalandilidwa bwino, ndikupeza mpweya wabwino.
Njira ya Trellis popanga chitsamba
Panjira ya trellis, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zothandizira ndikukokera pazingwe zitatu za waya, zotsika kwambiri ziyenera kukhala pamtunda wa 50 cm kuchokera pansi, komanso yayitali kwambiri - 100 cm.
Zofunika! Mbande zimayikidwa mtunda wa mita kuchokera pachilichonse, ndipo nthambi zake zimapangidwa ndi fanizo ndipo zimamangirizidwa ndi trellises yoyambira.
Kudulira kukachitika, amayesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti mphukira zatsopano zikula bwino - 3-5 mwa athanzi amasankhidwa kuchokera kwa iwo, amamangirizidwanso ndi waya, ndipo ena onse amawadula. Koma mphukira zapakati zimafupikitsidwa kwambiri, pomwe ziro limaluka, chifukwa chomwe chitsamba chimamera, limadulidwa kwathunthu.
Kudulira kwamtchire
Zomwe zimadulira zimatengera nthawi ya chaka, pansipa zikuwoneka ngati zovuta zapanyengo.
Kasupe
Chitsamba ichi mchaka chimadzuka kale kuposa ena, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musaphonye nthawi yoyambira. Ikayamba kutentha kwambiri kuti mutha kugwira ntchito bwino m'mundamo, muyenera kuyambitsa ntchito yotere.
Momwe mungadulire ma jamu panthawi ino ya chaka - nkhaniyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yosangalatsa kwa oyambitsa wamaluwa. Pakatikati, mumangofunika kuchotsa mphukira zowuma ndi zowonongeka, kuphatikiza nthambi zakuda - maonekedwe awo akuwonetsa kuti akuvutika ndi Powawa.
Chilimwe
Kudula jamu m'malimwe ndikofunikira kuti kuwonjezera zipatso zake.
Palibe chosokoneza mmenemo, popeza ntchito yayikulu ndikufupikitsa mphukira zobiriwira zazing'ono. Palibe masamba opitilira asanu ndi awiri otsalira, ndipo koronayo amachichotsa.
Mu Ogasiti, alimi amalimbikitsidwa kuti azidula mphukira zosapanga bwino, chifukwa amangowononga zachilengedwe pachabe.
Yophukira
Ngati kudulira kwa masika sikunachitike, ndiye kuti nthawi yophukira ndiyofunika. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti zichitike kumapeto kwa Okutobala.
Zofunika! Ngati kudulira kumayambika molawirira kwambiri kugwa, mphukira zamtundu zimayamba kukula mwachangu panthawi yotentha. Koma sakhala ndi nthawi yolimba chisanu chisanachitike, ndipo mwina sadzapulumuka nthawi yozizira.
M'dzinja, mosiyana ndi kudulira kwa chilimwe, nthambi zakale, komanso zofooka zazing'ono, zimayenera kuthetsedwa. Chotsani mphukira zowonongeka ndi zomwe zimamera kwambiri kuthengo. Mphukira za Zero zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zidulidwe pafupifupi kotala kutalika kwake.
Kudulira kwa jamu
Kuti mumvetsetse momwe nthambi yaying'ono ilili yolimba, muyenera kuyang'ana pa nsonga yake. Ngati pofika kumapeto kwa nyengo kukhalabe woonda kwambiri, kuthawa kwa chaka chamawa sikungaberekeke. Zotsatira zake, pambuyo pamanyumba onse, chitsamba chimayamba kumvekedwa bwino, chifukwa nthambi sizikhalanso zonenepa.
Kuti mupeze mbewu yabwino, sikokwanira kungothirira chomera bwino kapena kuthilira nthawi yake. Ndikofunikanso kudyetsa chomera mutachotsa mphukira kuti tchire lilandire michere yambiri. Izi zimachitika zonse mu chirimwe ndi nthawi yophukira. Njira yotsilizirayi imalola kuti mbewu ithe bwino chisanu. Kutengera malamulo onsewa, gooseberries amayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi zinthu zoyipa, ndipo zokolola zimachuluka kwambiri.
