Sumatra: mtundu wakuda wa nkhuku

Masiku ano padziko lapansi muli mitundu yambiri ya nkhuku. Mitundu ina inalengedwa ndi obereketsa kuti apeze zogula zambiri za nyama, pamene zina zinakhala zokongoletsera zokongola za minda ndi minda ya mbalame. Komabe, nkhuku zina sizinadutse ndipo zidakalipo kwa zaka zambiri. Mmodzi mwa mitundu imeneyi anabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku chilumba cha Sumatra ku Indonesia.

Mbiri yakale

Nkhuku zakomweko Sumatra ndi dziko lachilumba ku South Asia, lomwe ndi Indonesia. Mbalameyi ndi mbalame zam'mlengalenga. Makolo ake amaoneka kuti ndi nkhuku yobiriwira, yomwe imapezeka m'nkhalango za Papua New Guinea, Vietnam ndi Indonesia zaka zikwi zapitazo.

Mukudziwa? Ku Bali, cockfighting amaonedwa ngati mwambo wa nsembe. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale apeza kuti anthu a ku Balinese ankamenyera nkhondo kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la khumi.

Mu 1847, nkhuku zankhondo za Sumatra zinabweretsedwa ku United States, kumene iwo nthawi yomweyo anayamba kutchuka pakati pa alimi a nkhuku. Pambuyo pake, a Dutch, omwe ali otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse, amalenga nkhuku zochokera ku Sumatra. Lero, mtundu uwu wa mbalame umamangidwa ndi kusungidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Koma Sumatra ndi malo otchuka kwambiri ku Asia, kumene ntchito imodzi yotchuka kwambiri kuyambira.

Kufotokozera ndi Zochitika

Nyama yokongola ya nkhuku kuchokera ku Indonesia imabisa mzimu wokamenyana ndi mbalame yomwe imatsutsana kwambiri ndi mbalame zina. Sumatra ili ndi zinthu zosiyana kwambiri zomwe zimakupatsani inu ntchito yokongoletsera.

Onani mtundu wa nkhuku zogonjetsa: shamo, ga dong tao.

Kunja

Makhalidwe akusiyanitsa zinthu za Sumatra:

• Mazira amakhala ndi spurs wambiri kapena katatu;
• Mimba ya mimba imakhala ndi nthenga zambiri;
• mazirawo ali ndi chisa chofiira; nkhuku zimakhala ziribe kwathunthu kapena zimakula pang'ono;
• mphete ndi zojambulajambula zofiira;
• Mlomo uli wamphamvu kwambiri, wautali wautali, wokhota pang'ono pamapeto;
• khosi liri lamphamvu ndi lalitali, limakhala lopindika pang'ono, pang'onopang'ono limadutsa kumbuyo kwake, kamene pamakhala mchira;
• mchira uli wautali, ndi mvula yakuda yamdima yamagenta;
• miyendo yamphamvu, yovuta, mdima wandiweyani ndi sheen wonyezimira;
• mutu si wosiyana ndi mitundu ina yotsutsana ya nkhuku (ili ndi mtundu wa carmine).

Mabala ojambula

Mtundu wa mphutsi ndi mdima wokongola kwambiri. Palibe mtundu wodalirika pa dera lonse la mafunde. Mitundu imakhala yofiira-carmine kupita ku mdima wofiira. Nthawi zina pali mitundu yowala kwambiri: simenti, imvi. Muzitali zazikulu pamapiko a burgundy ndi aquamarine mitundu ingathe kuwonedwa.

Zizindikiro zolemera

Tambala la tambala wamkulu akhoza kufika 2.5 makilogalamu, kulemera kwa nkhuku kumasiyana ndi 1.8 mpaka 2.3 makilogalamu. Nkhuku zosawerengeka za nkhuku zochokera ku Sumatra, zomwe zinabadwira ku Holland, zimatchedwa bantam. Kulemera kwake kwa zinyama za mitundu iyi kumasiyana ndi 0.85 mpaka 1 makilogalamu, nkhuku - kuyambira 0.7 mpaka 0,8 makilogalamu.

Khalidwe ndi kukhala ndi zinyama zina zakutchire

Monga momwe mwadziwira kale kuchokera ku mbiri yakale, mtundu wa nkhuku zomwe tikulingalira ndizo wokwiya, wopanda mantha ndi kumenyana. Malo otchedwa Sumatra amakwiya kwambiri komanso amakwiya kwambiri. Mbalamezi zimagwira ntchito mwakhama, nthawi zonse zimafufuza gawo lawo.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mutha kuyamba sumatra kuti mupeze mazira, muyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi ya zokolola za Indonesiya ndi zaka 3-5.

Nkhuku sizikukwiya kwambiri, zimatsegulidwa kwa anthu ndipo palibe vuto kuti zitha kulankhulana. Ngati nkhuku yotchedwa henhouse idzakhala ndi tambala yambiri, ndiye kuti pafupi ndi 100 peresenti ukhoza kuwona mpikisano wa mpikisano mu ufumu wa nkhuku. Komabe, zinyama sizitsutsana kwambiri ndi anthu, nthawi zambiri mkwiyo umangowonekera pokhapokha atakwiya. Kusunga nkhuku za Sumatra ndi oimira ena a zinyama sayenera kukhala, chifukwa chaichi, kupewa mikangano nthawi zonse sikugwira ntchito.

Mukayamba chisa ndi zomwe mukupanga dzira pachaka

Kusunga Indonesiya pofuna cholinga cha dzira si bizinesi yopindulitsa. Magawo ayamba kuyala mazira palibe kale kuposa miyezi isanu ndi itatu, ndi kusasitsa kwathunthu kwa mbalame osati kale kuposa zaka ziwiri. M'chaka chimodzi cha kalendala, wosanjikiza sangathe kunyamula Mazira 150 (mtengo wapamwamba). Ngati tikulankhula za machitidwe abwino, alimi amatha kutenga mazira 90 pa chaka ngati mlingo. Kulemera kwake kwa dzira limodzi la masitat sumatra ndi 60 g, kulemera kwa dzira lazinyalala mitundu sikudutsa 30 g. Kuphatikizanso apo, panthawi yopuma, zizindikiro zolemera zimachepa pang'ono.

Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za ubwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nkhuku mazira.

Chibadwa cha amayi

Mofanana ndi mitundu ina yakale ndi yamtchire ya nkhuku, osasulidwa ndi obereketsa, Indonesiya ndi osiyana zosangalatsa zachibadwa za amayi. Mbalame zimanyalanyaza ana awo, kusonyeza chikondi ndi chifundo. Komanso, sumatra nkhuku zimatha kukhala ndi mazira ena. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi obereketsa, kutaya mazira a nkhuku zomwe chibadwa chawo cha amayi sichikukula bwino mu Sumatra.

Zimene mungadye

Kudyetsa anapiye ndi akulu ndi osiyana. Kuwonjezera apo, ngati mutakhala ndi Indonesian mu nkhuku yanu, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungadyetse pa nthawi ya molting.

Chick

Kudyetsa anapiye mu masabata oyamba a moyo wawo ayenera kukhala ndi mazira ophika kwambiri, tirigu wothira mbewu, amadyera ndi madzi oyera. Pa nthawi yomweyi muyenera kutsatira malamulo ofunika odyetsa:

• Kukula kwakukulu ndi kugwira ntchito zochulukira kwa ana kumafuna ndalama zochuluka zamagululo, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa komanso osati kwa nestlings chakudya;
• Kupanga minofu ya minofu ndi mapuloteni oyenera, omwe nkhuku zimalandira pamodzi ndi mbatata yophika, mkaka, oats, rye;
• M'nyama zazing'ono, minofu imayamba mofulumira kwambiri, kotero mumayenera kusamalira calcium yokwanira mu zakudya, ilipo mu fupa la chakudya ndi zakudya zina za anapiye;
• Ngati mukufuna kusungirako zochepa, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kutsatira ndondomeko iyi ya chakudya: masiku 10 oyambirira amadyetsa maola awiri, ndiye kuti nthawi yayitali iyenera kuwonjezeka ndi ora limodzi, ndipo kuyambira mwezi umodzi, nkhuku ziyenera kudyetsedwa kasanu pa tsiku.

Akuluakulu

Zodabwitsa za kudyetsa gulu la anthu akuluakulu la Indonesiya ndizodziwika kwa aliyense, chifukwa ndi zofanana ndi zina za nkhuku.

Zonse zomwe mukufuna kudziwa zokhudza zakudya za nkhuku kuchokera ku Sumatra:

• Chakudya chofunika tsiku ndi tsiku kwa anthu okhala mu nkhumba - zouma;
• M'nthawi ya chilimwe, nkhuku ziyenera kudyetsedwa maluwa, zomwe ziyenera kudulidwa kale; m'nyengo yozizira, masamba amafunika kutumizidwa mu mawonekedwe owuma;
• Pofuna kusunga minofu yambiri mu zakudya muyenera kuphatikizapo mapuloteni okwanira, omwe ali mu zinyama ndi nyemba;
• kuyambira chiyambi cha November mpaka kumapeto kwa March, chiwerengero cha chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku chiyenera kuwonjezeka ndi 10-15%;
• kwa kadzutsa, zosakaniza zabwino ndi zabwino;
• Sitiyenera kuiwala za mavitamini ndi mavitamini omwe amachititsa kuti nthenga zizikhala bwino komanso kuwonjezeka kwa dzira.

Kumbukirani kuti nthawi zonse muyenera kukhala ndi chidebe ndi madzi m'nyumba ya nkhuku, makamaka nthawi yotentha.

Pa nthawi ya molting

Panthawi imeneyi, nkhuku ziyenera kubwezeretsanso "malaya". Koma pa njira imeneyi amafunikira mavitamini osiyanasiyana ndi mchere. Mumasitolo mungathe kugula zakudya zapadera zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito mu zakudya nthawi ya molting. Kuonjezerapo, panthawi imeneyi, nkhuku zimafunika kupatsidwa chimanga.

Mukudziwa? Manda a Emperor Tutankhamen pali zithunzi za nkhuku. Izi zikusonyeza kuti mbalamezi zinachokera ku Asia kupita ku Africa kuno zaka zoposa 3,300 zapitazo.

Chinanso choyenera kusamalira

Mukamanga nkhuku, muyenera kusamalidwa kuti mumange nyumba komanso malo oyendamo. M'kati mwa pogona pali malo okwera (m'madera oterewa a Indonesia amamva bwino). Bwalo loyendayenda bwino likuchitidwa lalikulu ndi lalikulu, koma ndi mpanda waukulu. Chowonadi n'chakuti pakuwona nkhuku zoopsa za mtundu uwu zingathe kuwuluka pamwamba.

Mu nkhuku nyumba zisa zimangidwe, makamaka pa maziko a udzu wouma. Mazira-atagona adzachitika mu zisa. Muyeneranso kusamalira zomangamanga za mbale zakumwa ndi odyetsa. Nthaŵi zambiri, zimapangidwa yaitali komanso zochepa, zomwe ndizofala. Zipangizo zomwe zimamangidwira ndi zakumwa ndi nkhuni (mungagwiritse ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri). M'nyengo yozizira, makamaka nthawi ya chisanu, Indonesiya amatha kuundana, kupweteka ndi kufa. Alimi odziwa nkhuku amalimbikitsanso kumanga nkhuku yapadera ndi Kutentha, kumene mungathe kukhala ndi kutentha ndi kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa nkhuni kuyenera kukhala pa 15-20 ° C, chinyezi - 40-60%.

Phunzirani momwe mungamangire nkhuku m'nyengo yozizira ndi manja anu.

Matenda wamba

Ambiri omwe amapezeka ku Indonesia ndi mycoplasmosis, matenda opatsirana omwe amakhudza dongosolo la kupuma kwa mbalame.

Komanso, Sumatra ingakhudze matenda oterowo:

• pullorosis (typhoid);
• salmonellosis (paratyphoid);
• streptococcosis;
• chifuwa chachikulu;
• nthomba (diphtheria);
• omphalitis;
• kapena;
• neurolyphomatosis;
• colisepticemia;
• coccidiosis.

Ndikofunikira! Sumatra kawirikawiri imawonekera ku mycoplasmosis, matenda opatsirana omwe angaperekedwe kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana. Zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa zimayenda m'matumbo, kupuma pang'ono komanso kusowa kwa njala. Ngati mwapeza zizindikiro zofanana ndi mbalame zanu, muyenera kutchula veterinarian nthawi yomweyo ndikuyamba kuchipatala mwamsanga.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti sikutheka kudzipenda yekha ndi kuchipatala popanda zoyenera. Mukawona kuti mbalame yanu imakhala ndi makhalidwe abwino, ndi bwino kutcha vet.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Ubwino wa Indonesia ndi:

• mikhalidwe yokongola yokongola ya mbalame;
• kumenyana, khalidwe lokondweretsa;
• chiwerengero chachikulu cha kupirira nkhuku.

Mitunduyi imakhalanso ndi zovuta zake:

• Sitilekerera chisanu, kotero nkhuku ya nkhuku iyenera kumangidwira nkhukuzi ndi Kutentha ndi kutentha kwa mpweya;
• Nkhuku nyama ili ndi makhalidwe ochepa (zovuta, ndi mitsempha yambiri);
• Dzira lopanga mazira pamunsi.

Video: Nkhuku zimabereka Sumatra

M'nkhaniyi tinakambirana mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe nkhuku zikuchokera ku chilumba cha Sumatra ku Indonesia. Ngati mukufuna kukula nkhukuzi kuti zikhale zokongoletsera, yesetsani kutsata malamulo odyetsera ndi kusamalira, ndiye kuti mbalamezo zidzakhala zowirira, zokongola komanso zokongola.