Myrtle - chisamaliro chakunyumba, momwe mungayambireninso mukauma

Myrtle ndi chomera chonunkhira choyenera kulimidwa m'nyumba. Zimafunikira chisamaliro, koma kusamalira mtengo wa mchisu pakhomo sikotopetsa monga momwe anthu ambiri amaganizira. Mtengowo umatha kukondweretsa maluwa kwa zaka zambiri ndi mawonekedwe ake enieni ndi kununkhira.

Chiyambi ndi mawonekedwe

Pafupifupi mitundu 110 ya zitsamba kapena mitengo yaying'ono ndi ya Myrtus. Mitundu yaying'ono ya Myrtus communis yatsimikizira kuti ndi yopindulitsa ndikadzalidwa ngati mbewu zakunyumba.

Kufalikira pachimake

Kuphatikiza ndi mbewu zina zamkati, mtengo umawoneka wachilengedwe kwambiri. Amazindikira kuti amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepetsa mphamvu yamanjenje. M'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi kuyambira nthawi zakale, mmera umakhala ndi chikondi, mtendere, mgwirizano, kukongola ndi unyamata. Kukhalapo kwa myrtle muchipinda chaukwati cha mayiko a ku Europe kumapangitsa kuti aura apadera ndipo ndi chizindikiro cha ukwati wopambana ndi chisangalalo cha banja.

Mtengo wamtchire wamtchire ndimakhala madera akutali kwambiri a Mediterranean, mitundu ina imamera ku Australia, Asia, America. M'dziko lakwawo, mchisuwo umafika kutalika kwa 5 m; ngati utakulidwa mkati, sungathe kupitirira 60 cm. Zomwe zimadziwika bwino zomera:

• masamba ndi ang'ono, gloss ndi wandiweyani, ali ndi ovoid, mawonekedwe owoneka pang'ono;
• maluwa ndi oyera ndi ofiira, kapangidwe kawo, monga masamba, mawonekedwe ambiri amafuta ofunikira;
• zipatso - zipatso za mtundu wakuda wabuluu, pali mitundu ina.

Zomwe zimachokera pachomera, kuthekera kukongoletsa chilichonse chamkati chokopa maluwa. Kuphatikiza pa kuwonekera kwakunja, myrtle ali ndi izi:

• mafuta ofunikira amakhala ndi zinthu zosasunthika zomwe zimakhala ndi antimicrobial, antibacterial effect, zizindikiro za ziwengo zimatha kuchepa kapena kutha pakuchira kwawo;
• masamba ndi maluwa amatha kupanga decoctions ndi infusions omwe amafunikira chisamaliro cha khungu;
• zipatso zouma ndi masamba zidzakhala zonunkhira pakuphika.

Maluwa

Mtengo wa mchira umayamba kuphuka mu Meyi, kuphatikiza fungo lokoma. Mitundu ina imamaliza maluwa mu Seputembala. Maluwawo amakhala aing'onoting'ono, osapitilira mainchesi 2, amawoneka ambiri, mpaka 50 zidutswa pachomera chimodzi, pamayendedwe amodzi pamakona a masamba. Utoto kuchokera kuzoyera mpaka zonona ndi zapinki. Amtundu wautali wambiri amachititsa maluwa kukhala mawonekedwe abwino.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Mwa mitundu yomwe ilipo, Myrtus communis, kapena Myrtus communis, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera kunyumba. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika, kukula msanga, kukongoletsa kwakukulu. Thunthu la mtengowu limakutidwa ndi khungwa mwa masikelo, lomwe limatha kupindika. Masamba ndi oval, wandiweyani, gloss. Maluwa oyera amakhala ndi miyendo yayitali.

Myrtus communis

Zoweta ziŵeto zingapo. Wotchuka kwambiri wa iwo:

1. Tarentina. Pazakudya zosiyanasiyana za mchira wamba. Masamba odalika amakhala ochepa masentimita 1.5. Maluwa m'magulu a maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Chimakhala ndi kukula kwapadera;

Mirt Tarentina

2. Alhambra. Mtengowo uli ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira. Maluwa ambiri amakhala ndi kuwala pang'ono kumayambiriro kwa maluwa. Zipatsozo ndi zoyera mu utoto;

Myrtle Alhambra

3. Variegata, wokhala ndi masamba achilendo. Mtundu wawo wamkulu ndi wobiriwira wakuda. Pali malire agolide m'mphepete, malo owala amatha ku malo ena masamba;

Myrtle Variegata

4. La Clape. Zosiyana ndi zipatso za utoto wamtambo;

Myrtle La Clape

5. Microphylla. Ili ndi mafomu ophatikiza, kutalika sikapitilira masentimita 60. Mitundu yaying'ono-yokhala ndi korona wowonda. Masamba achichepere amakhala owala, amdima ndi zaka.

Myrtle Microphylla

Thirani mumphika

Mtengowo umawonedwa ngati wopanda pake, woleketsa kupsinjika, wosuntha, wotentha kwambiri. Kuti mtengo sufe posintha malo okhala, ndikofunikira kusunga malamulo anayi osamalira Myrtle:

1. Osangodziunjikira mukangogula. Ndikofunikira kudikira mpaka chomera chisinthidwe. Kuyika mwachangu nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kuti masamba ayambe kugwa, ndipo mchisu chimafa;
2. Onjezani chinyezi. Ngati mtengo ukuwoneka wofooka, masamba ndi aulesi, zina zake zimakhala zopanda kanthu, mutha kuziphimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki lowoneka bwino, ndikupanga mphamvu yobiriwira. Tsiku lililonse kwa nthawi yochepa phukusi limachotsedwa. M'malo obiriwira, mchisu umatha mpaka mwezi umodzi;
3. Sungani pang'ono pang'ono. Kwa nthawi yosinthira, mchisu chimayikidwa mumthunzi wochepa, kuteteza ku dzuwa;
4. Pewani zolemba. Ngakhale chitsamba chokalamba chathanzi chimakumananso ndi kukonzekera, pankhani ya chomera chatsopano chatsopano, izi ndizosavomerezeka.

Zomwe mukusowa

Mpaka pofika zaka zitatu, mchombo chimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse, nthawi iliyonse kuwonjezeka pang'ono kukula kwa maluwa. Akuluakulu amafunika kumuyika kamodzi kokha zaka 3-4.

Zinthu:

1. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira, yopepuka, yopatsa thanzi. Kusakaniza kwadothi kwamaluwa ndi kuphatikizira kwa peat wosankhidwa ndi mchenga wowuma ndikoyenera;
2. Kukula kwa mphikawo kumasankhidwa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi mizu, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mphamvu yapitayo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa m'lifupi ndi kutalika. Zimayang'aniridwa kuti mabowo am'madzi akuwonekera pansi;
3. Monga ngalande, ndikofunikira kukonzekera timiyala ting'onoting'ono, njerwa kapena tchipisi.

Malo abwino

Pakadutsa nthawi yodzala, mankhwalawa amayenera kuyikidwa m'malo osakhazikika komanso abwino. Komabe, pomwe mbewuyo ikutha kale, itha kusunthidwa ku malo osatha, kusankha komwe kuyenera kulingaliridwa potsatira malingaliro otsatirawa:

1. Mtengo wa Myrtle amakonda malo owoneka bwino, koma osalolera kutentha, motero ndikofunikira kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kuyigwere.
2. Chomera sichikonda kusinthika kwachilengedwe, chiyenera kusunthidwa pang'onopang'ono.
3. Madera akum'mwera chakumadzulo ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa nyumbayo kapena nyumba yake ndi malo abwino okhala mtengowo, chifukwa kumpoto nthawi yopuma imakulirakulira, kukula kwake sikulephereka, maluwa sangachitike.

Njira zokulitsira

Njira yakubzala mule imakhala ndi izi:

1. Konzani chilichonse chomwe mungafune: dothi, mphika, ngalande, mutazitsukitsa kale;
2. Kuti tikwaniritse kuyimitsa dothi. Pamaso kuti ndikwaniritse, mbewuyo iyenera kufooka pang'ono. Chifukwa chake zimatha kutulutsidwa mosavuta mu thanki yakale;
3. Pangani chosanjikiza chodumphira mumphika watsopano, chikhale gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a voliyumu, mudzaze theka la poto ndi dothi;
4. Kuyeretsa dongo ndi mizu. Ndikotheka kuwongola mizu ndi mtengo. Kuyeretsa kumachitika kokha m'mphepete;

Kuthira kwa mchisu

5. Chithandizo cha muzu. Ngati pali mizu youma kapena yowola, amachotsedwa pochotsa zigawozo ndi fumbi la malasha ndi Kornevin;
6. Ikani chitsamba mosamalitsa pakati pa mphika ndi dothi, kuwaza mizu, kukanikiza modekha ndi zala zanu.

Kuti muzolowera poto watsopano, mtengowo umathiriridwa ndikuthiridwa. Kenako imakhala mumdzu pang'ono kwa sabata lathunthu. Kuthilira ndi yankho la ofooka chopatsa mphamvu Epin kungakhale kothandiza. Mphukira zatsopano zikaonekera, mchisu chimasunthira kumalo okhalamo kosatha.

Myrtle kuswana mchipinda

Pali njira ziwiri zofalitsira myrtle: mbewu ndi kudula. Kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi aliyense wa iwo, muyenera kukhala oleza mtima ndikuchita zina. Akatswiri odziwa zamaluwa amakonda kubala Myrtle m'njira yachiwiri.

Kudula

Tekinoloji ya njirayi siili yovuta kwambiri ndipo imaphatikizapo izi:

1. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kawiri pachaka: pakati pa dzinja komanso pakati pa chilimwe. Nthawi zina, mphukira zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzika mizu;
2. Zodulidwa ziyenera kudulidwa kuchokera pakati pazomera, kutalika kwake ndi 6-8 cm;
3. Masamba amachotsedwa pansi kapena kufupikitsidwa pang'ono, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti musataye chinyontho;
4. Gawo lam'munsi la chogwirira, lomwe limayikidwa pansi, limachiritsidwa ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera.
5. Gawo lapansi la zodula limakhala ndi msanganizo wa moss ndi mchenga, koma dothi ndiloyeneranso. Kuzama kwakufika - 30 mm;
6. Saplings amafunika kupereka mthunzi, kutentha kuchokera + 15 ° mpaka + 20 ° C ndi chinyezi chachikulu, chomwe chilichonse chimatha kuphimbidwa mwachitsanzo ndi kapu ya pulasitiki. Ngati matenthedwe ochulukira amakhala okwera, chikho chimachotsedwa tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 10-15 kuti mpweya uzilowa.
7. Mizu imayenera kuwonekera pakatha mwezi umodzi, ndiye kuti chomera chakonzeka kubzala m'nthaka.

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Mukamatsatira malamulo osavuta awa a kudula, mbewu zazing'ono zimaphuka mkati mwa zaka 3-4.

Kulima mbewu

Ochita maluwa nawonso amadziwa momwe mchisu chimamera kuchokera ku mbewu, koma ndi yayitali komanso yovuta, chifukwa njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.

Tekinoloje momwe ingamere kuchokera ku mbewu za mchisu:

1. Mbewu zimanyowa munjira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa maola 1.5-2;
2. Pobzala, gawo lapansi limakonzedwa kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga, liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lopumira. Mchenga umalimbikitsidwa m'mbuyomu kuti ukhale wopaka poto;
3. Bzalani mbeu ndi manyowa; Dothi la mbewu liyenera kukhala pafupi ndi malo ake, osaya kwambiri kuposa 5 mm;
4. Phimbani beseni ndi pulasitiki ndikukulunga chipinda chowala, chotentha. Nthawi ndi nthawi kwezani chivundikiro cha mpweya wabwino;
5. Chotsani filimuyo pokhapokha pokhapokha. Izi zidzachitika pafupifupi miyezi 1.5-2;
6. Mbewu zachikale zimasokeredwa kukhala zodyera;
7. Pamene mphukira ukufika 15 cm, osachepera masamba awiri amatulutsidwa kale, pamwamba (kukula) kumadina kuti kulimbikitse kufalikira kwa chitsamba chamtsogolo.

Kukula Mchira Kuchokera kwa Mbewu

Ngati myrtle wakula kuchokera ku mbewu, maluwa amatuluka mchaka chachisanu.

Kuti zipatso zimamangidwa ndi kupangidwa kwa njere, ndikofunikira kusamalira nthawi yamaluwa, ndikupanga mungu wokumba.

Chisamaliro cha Myrtle

Ngati mungaganize zoyambira mchisu, kusiya kwanu chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo, kusayang'anira zomwe zingapangitse mtengo kukula, kusilira komanso ngakhale kufa.

Kudulira

Pogula m'misika yogulitsa, mure wapezeka, womwe umakhala ndi thunthu, lopanda nthambi pansipa. Ngati mbewuyo singakololedwe nthawi ndi nthawi, imamera ngati chitsamba cha piramidi. Ndikothekanso kupanga korona wandiweyani wokulirapo mawonekedwe mukamadulira kumapeto kwa nthambi (mphukira). Zimawathandizanso kuti azilimbikitsidwa.

Chinsinsi Cha Myrtle

Njira yothirira

Chomera chimafuna chinyezi chachikulu, motero, munthawi yogwirira ntchito, kutsirira bwino kumaperekedwa. Ngati madzi ochepa, mtengo umayamba kusiya masamba. Dothi lomwe lili mumphika liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Myrtle amayankha bwino kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse komanso kusamba koyambira. Komabe, kuthirira kwambiri kumatha kubweretsa kuzungulira kwa mizu, kotero kukhetsa bwino ndikofunikira.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kuvala kwapafupipafupi pamtundu kumabweretsa kuti chithonje chizikula msanga komanso kuphuka kwambiri. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta ku mbewu, koma kukonzekera kokhala ndi calcium kuyenera kupewedwa. Pafupipafupi mavalidwe apamwamba amakhala kamodzi pa sabata kapena awiri.

Nthawi ya maluwa

Ngati musamalira bwino mchisu yanga, imabala maluwa ambiri. Zomwe zingakhale chifukwa cha kusowa kwa thumba losunga mazira:

• chinyezi chochepa;
• Kusintha kwakukutu kwa malo obzala, mwachitsanzo, kusuntha kosayembekezereka kuchokera pamthunzi wochepa pang'ono mpaka kuwala wowonekera;
• kudulira korona mu kasupe kudzapereka kukula kwamphamvu kwa mphukira zazing'ono, koma kupatula mawonekedwe a maluwa, motero njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa nthawi yozizira kapena itangotuluka maluwa;

Kudulira kwa mchira

• kubwezeretsanso feteleza wa feteleza;
• kukhalapo kwa matenda kapena tizirombo.

Nthawi yopumula

M'nyengo yozizira, kufunika kothirira kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi nthaka. Ngati youma 1-2 cm, ndiye kuthirira kumachitika.

Komanso, panthawi yopuma, pafupipafupi kudyetsa kuyenera kuchepetsedwa: osatinso nthawi 1 m'miyezi 1.5.

Panthawi yonse yopumira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumatha kuyimitsidwa, koma ngati pali zinthu zina zotentha mkatikati mchipindacho, mbewuyo itetezedwe kwa iwo pomanga chotchinga.

M'nyengo yozizira, mchisu sichimalola kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya. Zoyenera kukhala nazo zimachokera ku + 8 ° mpaka + 10 ° C. Kupanda kutero, maluwa otentha atha kuchitika.

Kukonzekera yozizira

1. Ngati nyumbayo ili ndi khonde ofunda kapena loggia, ndibwino kusamutsa mbewuyo komwe sikukhala kutali ndi zida zamagetsi ndi kuwala kokwanira. Pakalibe malo oterowo, kugwiritsa ntchito zonyowa pafupi ndi mtengo wa mchisu kumapereka zotsatira zabwino;
2. Ndikofunikira kupereka kuwunikira kwakukulu ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa;
3. Musachotsere zina ndi zina kuti muzidulira;
4. Pewani zojambula.

Chisamaliro cha Myrtle

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira kuti uzitulutsa myrtle ndizovuta kwambiri m'nyumba yanyumba. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za mbewu - masamba ayamba kupukuta. Ngati mchisu chawuma, mungachiwukire bwanji?

Ntchito zopatsitsanso ulesi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zabwino. Chomera chimayang'aniridwa mosamala. Ngati nthambi zikhalabe zolimba, pamakhala mwayi wotsitsimula. Choyamba, mtengowo umatsukidwa pansi pa sopo ofunda, kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri ndikuthiridwa ndi Epin. Kenako bvalani thumba la pulasitiki, ndikuyika pamalo otetezeka. Tsiku lililonse phukusi limachotsedwa, mbewuyo imapopera mbewu. Njira imabwerezedwera sabata limodzi.

Mtengo ukayamba kufa chifukwa cha feteleza wambiri, ndiye kuti njira yake yokhayo imasinthira dothi lina, koma kufunika kwake sikungatheke nthawi zonse.

Myrtle amakula bwino mu nyumba kapena ofesi. Ngati mutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro, ndiye kuti mtengowo udzakondwera nthawi yayitali ndi mawonekedwe ake athanzi komanso okongola, zinthu zake zofunikira zidzakhala bonasi yosangalatsa.