Begonias ali ndi mitundu yoposa chikwi ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe imakulidwa m'nyumba. Komabe, mosasamala mtundu wa duwa, posachedwa, eni ake amakumana ndi vuto lodziwika bwino - chikasu ndikuwuma masamba.
Begonia imasiya youma - chomwe chingakhale chifukwa
Masamba a Begonia amatha kusanduka achikasu ndi owuma m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Poyamba imatha kukhala mawanga a bulauni pamwamba pa pepalalo, kapena kuyanika kumayamba kuchokera m'mbali. Nthawi zina masamba amafa theka lokha. Sikuti nthawi zonse zakunja zimatha kukhala zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, koma chithandizo cha panthawi yake chimatha kupulumutsa chitsamba kuti chisawonongedwe kwathunthu.
Masamba achikasu ndi amodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu za begonia
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti begonias aume nsonga zamasamba kapena tsamba lonse akhoza kukhala motere:
- malungo;
- kuyatsidwa nthawi yayitali dzuwa;
- hypothermia ya mizu ya thengo;
- kusokonekera kwamadzi munthaka chifukwa chothirira kwambiri komanso kusowa kwa madzi;
- mpweya wouma mchipinda momwe mwakhazikitsidwa begonia;
- matenda
- tizirombo;
- matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu;
- kusowa kwa michere m'nthaka, mwanjira ina kusowa kwa umuna;
- akulumpha kutentha;
- kufalikira komwe sikunachitike pa nthawi yake, komwe kumapangitsa nthaka kukhala mumphika, ndipo chifukwa cha kukula kwa mizu, mphamvuyo imakhala yopanikizika.
Pamene begonia imafota ndikufota, kodi muyenera kuchita ndi momwe mungathandizire kuti iyambenso kuoneka bwino? Mavuto ambiri amabwera chifukwa chosowa chidwi ndi chisamaliro. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuchita pafupipafupi, koma njira zofunikira kwambiri pakusamalira maluwa.
Udindo wina wofunikira womwe umachitika ndi zomwe zimachitika kuti abambowo azikula, ayenera kukhala oyandikana kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe, ndiye kuti mmera wamera kuthengo.
Yang'anani! Chinyezi, kutentha kwa dothi, kutentha - zonsezi zimayenera kutengera mtundu wina.
Pazifukwa zina zotheka ndikofunikira kuti muzikhala mwatsatanetsatane.
Matenda a Begonia
Matenda a Begonia nthawi zambiri amawonekera chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino ndikuyambitsa mabakiteriya pogwiritsa ntchito zida zobzala kapena zamunda. Nthawi zambiri, tizirombo touluka timakhala ndi matenda.
Powdery mildew pamasamba
Matenda ambiri okhudza begonia, choyambirira, amawonekera pambale yake yamapepala.
Powdery mildew
Chifukwa chomwe begonia wilts imatha kukhala powdery mildew. Zothandizira zake za causative ndi mealybugs - loyera loyera lozungulira. Amasunga madzi amadzimadzi, pomwe pamakhazikika pamasamba ndikuwoneka ngati co white kuyera yoyera. Tsiku lililonse dera lomwe kufalikira kwa matendawa kumakula komanso kukula.
Powdery mildew imayimitsa kukhazikika kwabwinobwino kuthengo, imasinthasintha. Chikwangwani choyera chimayamba kuda pang'ono, ndipo masamba amawuma ndikugwa. Chifukwa chake, musazengereze kulandira mankhwalawo zikaonekera zizindikiro za matendawa.
Polimbana ndi powdery mildew, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa chitsamba, kuchepetsedwa m'madzi ndi mkuwa sulfate. Njira ina yothanirana ndi sopo yothetsera sopo, yomwe inatsuka chitsamba pansi pofunda. Komabe, ndibwino kugula mankhwala apadera - fungicides.
Polimbana ndi powdery mildew, "Fundazol" ndi "Topsin M" ndi othandiza
Zofunika! Musanayambe chithandizo, muyenera kuchotsa masamba onse okhudzidwa ndi akufa ndi mphukira.
Wowonera bakiteriya
Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe am'munsi mwa masamba amamba omwe amatembenukira bulauni patapita nthawi yochepa. Mfundozi pambuyo pake zimayamba kuda ndi kuwononga gawo lobiriwira kuthengo. Ngati buluzi wasiya kumapeto, zoyenera kuchita ndi njira zomwe zingatsatire pamenepo zafotokozedwera pansipa.
Matendawa ndi a gulu loyambitsanso, nthawi yomweyo pamakhala chiwopsezo cha matenda obwera chifukwa cha chomera. Ngati pali chizindikiro cha mawanga, muyenera kuchotsa begonia m'chipinda china, ndiye kuti muteteze maluwa otsala kwa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
Madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi chitsamba ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo ndipo malo omwe mabowo amathandizira ndi mpweya woyatsidwa adatsatiridwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, chloride chamkuwa chimapopera milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Komabe, ziwerengero zimanena kuti mu 40% ya anthu omwe amapezeka ndi mabakiteriya okhala ndi vuto la bacteria, mwatsoka sizingatheke kupulumutsa chitsamba, makamaka ndi chithandizo chamanthawi.
Yang'anani! Zikatero, amachotsa poto ndi duwa lokha.
Chlorosis
Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mkati mwa mbewu zamkati, matendawa amawonekera pamasamba masamba. Chlorosis imawoneka pomwe mapangidwe a chlorophylls amasokonekera m'maselo a masamba a begonia, mwa kuyankhula kwina, njira ya photosynthesis imayimitsidwa. Izi zimawonekera nthawi yomweyo masamba, omwe amayamba kufota ndikufota, kenako amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa. Cholinga chomwe begonia imafota kuchokera ku chlorosis sichowunikira bwino kuthengo.
Chlorosis si matenda oopsa ngati mutayamba kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake. Ndikokwanira kupopera chitsamba ndi kuthira dothi ndi yankho la sodium sodium.
Mphika pawokha uyenera kusunthidwa kumalo opepuka, wopanda kuwala kwachilengedwe, gwiritsani ntchito phytolamp.
Gray zowola
Zimachitika chifukwa chothirira kwambiri. Malo amdima amawoneka pamasamba ndi mphukira za begonia, ndipo gawo loyambira la thengo limayamba kuphimbidwa ndi zokutira zomata. Posakhalitsa, madera omwe akhudzidwa amatha kupuma ndikugwa.
Ngati chitsamba sichichilidwa, thunthu limatha kufa, ndikupha mbewu. Pofuna kuthana ndi zowola gwiritsani ntchito madzi a Bordeaux kapena yankho la sopo ndi sulfate yamkuwa.
Tizilombo
Chifukwa china chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisamaume ndiouma ndi kuwonongeka kwa tchire ndi mitundu yotsatira ya tizirombo:
- Ma nsabwe. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta mtundu wobiriwira, womwe umapezeka pamasamba a duwa. Amadyanso nyama zanyama ndikuyamwa mankhwalawo. Posakhalitsa, kuyanika ndi kufa kwa nthaka ya chitsamba kumayamba. Ndipo patsamba lililonse lomwe lakhudzidwa, mawanga achikasu okhala ndi malire a bulauni amapangidwa. Chitani chitsamba ndi sopo mu njira zoyambirira ndi fungicides.
- Whitefly ndi gulugufe wachichepere yemwe amawononga masamba a begonia. Kumbuyo kwa tsamba, kumayikira mazira, mphutsi zomwe zidawonekera zikuwononga mbali zobiriwira za duwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi ntchito ya whitefly "Mospilan" kapena "Confidor".
Mphutsi zoyera kumayamwa timadziti ta masamba
Tcherani khutu! Zovala zoyera zikayamba kuzungulira mozungulira chipindacho zimatha kusungidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chophimbira cha vacuum.
Chinyezi chadothi
Udzu ukhoza kuuma chifukwa chadzala ndi dothi. Popanda kumasula, nthaka mumphika imayamba kudziunjikira chinyezi ndikukhazikika, ndikusintha kukhala mtanda wolemera, wolemera. Chifukwa chake, kukhetsa bwino ndikofunikira.
Zida zowongolera zimayenera kuphimbidwa pansi pamphika ngakhale mutabzala, matope a dongo ndi njerwa kapena njerwa zazing'ono zimatha kuwonekera. Pakuwonjezera kupuma kwadothi, mchenga wamtsinje umawonjezeredwa pamtunda wobzala.
Ngati dothi lomwe lili mumphika liyamba kulemera komanso kulowa pansi, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyamba kumasula dothi pafupipafupi, ngakhale nthawi yozizira nthawi yobzala. Ochita maluwa amalimbikitsa njirayi mukatha kuthirira. Dothi lomwe lili mumphika liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, koma lotayirira.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Masamba amayamba kupindika ndikuwuma pamtunda wokwezeka. Zosokoneza ku duwa zimalumikizanso kutentha.
Chipindacho chomwe chili ndi begonia chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira nthawi zonse, ndipo nthawi yotentha, chidebe chomwe chili ndi mbewu chimatha kuyikidwa pa khonde lotseguka kapena m'munda. Ingoloretsani kutchera kwambiri tchire chifukwa cha mafunde ndi mphepo yozizira.
Muzu wowola
Mizu imayamba kuvunda ndikukhazikika chinyezi m'nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda osiyanasiyana afalikire. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, ndizosatheka kuwona ndi maliseche zizindikiro za matendawa, kupatula kuti kukula kwakulepheretsa komanso kufota kwamisamba kumayamba. Oyamba kumene amalakwitsa zinthu ngati izi, poganiza kuti chitsamba chimafunika kuthirira. Zotsatira zake, matendawa amayamba kukula mwachangu.
Mizu yozungulira imakhala yoopsa kwambiri kwa begonia
Zotota, zomwe zafika kale kumbali ya chigawo, amapita kumtunda kwa thunthu ndikuwuka m'mphepete. Amakhala ndi masamba awa, omwe amayamba kuuma.
Poterepa, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikusintha tchire m'dothi lina lamaudzu. Madera omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kudulidwa ndikuthiridwa ndi njira ya potaziyamu permanganate musanaikidwe.
Tcherani khutu! Mizu yake ikavunda, mabambowo amaleka kuphuka, ndipo maluwa akutuluka amakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira komanso waung'ono.
Ngati mwini wa chomera sakumvetsa chifukwa chake maluwa a begonia adzayamba, ngakhale kuti palibe kuvulala kapena matenda, vuto limakhala pansi. Mwinanso china chake chachitika ndi mizu ya mbewu.
Mavuto ena otheka
Pali zovuta zina zingapo zomwe zingayambitse chikaso ndi kuyanika masamba a begonia:
- kuyatsidwa nthawi yayitali dzuwa;
- kusowa kwa chakudya;
- kuziika sizikuchitika, zomwe zimapangitsa mphika kukhala wocheperako;
- mpweya wowuma wamkati.
Health begonia amasangalala ndi maluwa ambiri
Mwachidule, titha kunena kuti mavuto a begonia amabwera chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino. Zomera zamkati zimakonda kwambiri kukula kwazinthu, chilichonse chimafunikira malamulo apadera ndi chisamaliro. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi vutoli mukapeza duwa.
