Ruskus ndi chitsamba chomata chomwe chimafikira kutalika kwa mita 1. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuti mulandire zipatso, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi maluwa achikazi komanso amphongo m'nyumba. Fotokozerani zachikhalidwe pogawa chitsamba, mbewu kapena kudula. Njira yoyenera imakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi duwa labwino kwambiri kuchokera kuthawa lomwe lagulidwa m'sitolo.
Kodi ma Russia a ku Russia amawoneka bwanji, ndi a banja liti?
Ruskus kapena Iglitsa amatchulidwa ngati zitsamba zobiriwira komanso zitsamba zochokera ku banja la Asparagus. Duwa limakhala ndi masamba ambiri omwe ma phyllocladies (mphukira zosinthidwa) mpaka 18 cm amatenga.
Russian Russia
Chomera chimadyetsa mothandizidwa ndi chingwe chokwawa pansi pamtunda. Mphukira zimapanga nthambi zambiri kuchokera pansi, zimakutidwa ndi khungwa lakuda.
Zofunika! Masamba a chomeracho ndi wandiweyani, wowumbika dzira, wopanda pafupifupi petioles. Pamapeto pa masamba pali minga.
Ruskus hirikano
Mitundu wamba
Russian Ruscus (ruskus) ili ndi mitundu ingapo:
- Singano Colchis
Ichi ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi nthambi zofalikira, kutalika konse kwa mphukira kumafika masentimita 50. Ma phyllocladies achikopa amakhala amtundu wakuda, maluwawo amakhala ndi miyala yayitali komanso yopapatiza. Kutulutsa kosiyanasiyana kuyambira mu Okutobala mpaka Januware, pambuyo pa kupukutidwa, zipatso zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira zipatso.
- Pontic kapena singano yodulira
Mabasi amakula mpaka 100 cm, mphukira ndi zowoneka, masamba obiriwira ali ndi lilac hue. Pa nsonga zamasamba pali minga yaying'ono, pazomera zosintha pali masamba a masamba. Maluwa pamtondo wowala, yaying'ono komanso mtundu umodzi. Zomera zimayambira mu Okutobala mpaka Epulo, zipatso zimacha mu Novembala.
- Singano hyoid (Ruscus hypoglossum)
Dzina lina losiyanasiyana ndi Israeli Ruscus. Tchuthi tating'ono timafikira 50 cm, kutalika, kukongoletsedwa ndi masamba a emarodi. Mphukira zosinthidwa za mawonekedwe oblong, glossy. Maluwa amapaka utoto kuyambira oyera mpaka buluu wowala, okhala ndi miyala yopapatiza. Zomera zimatilira kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, m'mimba mwake zipatso sizipitilira 1.5 cm.
- Ruskus Girgan
Chomera chimakula mpaka 40 cm, mphukira kufalikira kapena kuyimirira molunjika. Masamba obiriwira amafanana ndi kapeti wokongola. Mphukira zosinthika za mtundu wobiriwira, oblong, ovoid mawonekedwe. Maluwa amapezeka m'mphepete mwa mabatani, kuyambira 2 mpaka 5 zidutswa chilichonse. Kutulutsa kosiyanasiyana mu Epulo, zipatso zimakhwima kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Okutobala.
- Singano yopanda chotupa (Ruscus hypophyllum)
Bush kutalika kuchokera pa45 mpaka 55 masentimita, ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira, maluwa oyera oyera kapena amtambo. Ma Bud amapangidwa mu nthawi ya masika ndi nthawi yozizira. Zipatso zimakhala zofiira, zamtundu, ndi mbewu ziwiri.
Singano yopanda pake
Zofunika! Botanists ndi mitundu 6,000 ya singano, mwa ambiri a iwo amakula angapo.
Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba
Maluso apadera obzala mbewu safunikira, kotero kuti kubereka kwake kupezeke ngakhale kwa omwe akungoyamba kumene. Singano ndi mbewu zomwe zimasinthasintha mosavuta kuzinthu zatsopano. Kusamalidwa kosayenera kungachititse kuti maluwa ndi zipatso zisowa.
Kutentha
Ruscus amakula m'nyumba komanso nyumba. M'chilimwe amafunika kuchitikira kumsewu kapena khonde. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limalolera mwamphamvu kutsika kwa kutentha kwa 13-15 ° C.
Kuwala
Shrub amakonda nthawi yayitali masana. Mphikawo uyenera kuyikidwira kutali ndi zenera kuti dzuwa lisayake masamba a Ruscus.
Zofunika! M'miyezi yozizira, zitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi mbewu zimasinthidwa kumawindo akum'mwera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa kowonjezera.
Kuthirira
Kusintha kwa nthaka kumachitika ndikuwumitsa msanjidwe wapamwamba wa 3-4 cm. Pakupanga mphukira zatsopano zosinthidwa, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumakulitsidwa.
Kuwaza
Chomera chimafuna kupopera masamba nthawi zonse masamba. M'nyengo yachilimwe komanso nthawi yachilimwe, masamba amasambitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndi thonje lomwe limanyowa m'madzi.
Chinyezi
Chomera cha Ruscus chimakonda chinyezi chapakati. M'nyengo yotentha ndi youma, kapu yamadzi ikhoza kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mphika.
Dothi
Chikhalidwecho sichosangalatsa, zachilengedwe zimangokhala pathanthwe. Kunyumba, duwa limafunikira gawo lokhazikika la gawo limodzi la dothi lamchenga, mchenga ndi magawo atatu a nthaka yamasamba.
Zofunika! Pansi pa mabokosi a maluwa ayenera kukhala ndi limba ndi dongo lokakulitsidwa kapena ngalande zofiira za njerwa. Alimi odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa amakonda kukonda dothi losakanizika, lomwe limagulitsidwa m'misika yaminda.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, mtengowo umakumana ndi umuna. Kusakaniza kumayikidwa panthaka. M'nyengo yozizira, kudya sikuchitika.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa nthawi yachisanu, nthawi yopuma
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, tchire limapumula, likugwa momasuka. Zomera zimathiridwa madzi ngati pakufunika, koma osapitirira kamodzi pa sabata. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa masiku a masika, feteleza umayikidwa panthaka, kumuika ndikudulira kumachitika.
Kudulira
Masamba a Ruscus safuna kusintha kwapadera. Kuti mukwaniritse mawonekedwe abwino, ingochotsani nthambi zachikasu. Olima ena amalima maluwa kuti apange mawonekedwe ake.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Mitundu yayikulu ya mbewu yakhala ikutulutsa masamba kuyambira mwezi wa Epulo, koma pali mitundu yomwe imaphukira pafupi ndi dzinja. Maluwa amatuluka masamba a masamba pazovala zazifupi. Masamba okhala ndi lilac kapena mtundu yoyera, m'mimba mwake amafika masentimita 1. Maluwa owoneka ngati nyenyezi ndi osakwatiwa kapena omwe amatengedwa m'm inflorescence yaying'ono kuchokera pazidutswa ziwiri mpaka zitatu.
Maluwa a Ruscus israeli
Zofunika! Maluwa a Russian ali mkati mwa mphukira zosinthika
Momwe aku Russia Russian amafotokozera
Fotokozerani chikhalidwe cha mbewu ndi kugawanitsa tchire. Zosankha zonsezi zimapereka mbewu zathanzi komanso zothandiza. Ambuye ena amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zodula - nthambi iliyonse kapena mphukira yachinyamata ndiyoyenera kutsatira.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Ntchito yokweza imayamba mu Okutobala. Kuti achepetse njirayi, mbewuzo zimakulungidwa mu nsalu yonyowa ndipo ikuphikidwa sabata imodzi. Kenako amafesedwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi dothi lamchenga.
Mbewu zimafunikira kuwaza ndi lapansi kutalika kosaposa masentimita 1. Zotengera zimatsekedwa ndi pulasitiki ndikukutumiza kuchipinda chokhazikika ndi boma lotentha. Kuongolera kumachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, kumamwetsa madzi nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndikwabwino kunyowetsa mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito mabowo otulutsa mu poto - ndi njirayi, chiopsezo chothazikika kwamadzi ndikuwola mizu kumachepetsedwa.
Zofunika! Kutengera ndi malamulo obzala, mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera masabata atatu
Kugawanitsa
Ndondomeko imachitika m'masiku a masika, ntchito yanyengo isanayambe. Chitsamba chimachotsedwa mosamala muchidebe, mizu imatsukidwa dothi, kudula. Mizu amagawidwa poganizira ma phylloclades achinyamata - ayenera kukhalapo pachomera chilichonse chatsopano. Kukula kwam'ng'ono kumabzalidwa mumiphika, nthaka yomwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito disinfine ndi adamulowetsa kapena makala.
Momwe mungafalitsire ruscus ndi nthambi kuyambira maluwa:
- Amaduladula zodula, malo omwe ali ndi timadonthowo amathandizidwa ndi chophukira muzu (1-2 maola).
- Zidutswa zimabzalidwa m'nthaka yopanda chakudya ndikuphimbidwa ndi chidebe chagalasi.
- Kawiri pa sabata, amathiramo madzi poto.
- Masamba oyamba atawonekera, botolo limachotsedwa ndikupitiliza kusamalira duwa, ngati chomera wamba cham'nyumba.
Thirani
Pamene chitsamba chikukula, ndikofunikira kuti muchokerane. Njira imatsata ma algorithm:
- Chitsamba chimachotsedwa mosamala.
- Dziko lakale limatsukidwa kuchokera kumizu.
- Chepetsa madera owuma.
- Pansi pa mphikawo amaphimbidwa ndi zotungira.
- Nthaka yachonde komanso yopepuka imadzaza.
- Duwa limabzalidwa.
Zofunika! Osagwiritsa ntchito zazikulu kwambiri: njirayi imapangitsa kukula kwa nthambi zammbali.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Njira yazikhalidwe imakhala ndi antibacterial, chifukwa matenda ambiri sawopa. Zomera zazikulu
- mealybug;
- kangaude;
- kuponya.
Mukangozindikira tiziromboti, muyenera kukonza gawo lobiriwira la Russia ndikuthira ndi thonje lomwe limalowe m'madzi amchere. Pakawonongeka kwakukulu, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mealybug
Mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa chosamalira bwino chomera:
- kuwonongeka kwa mizu chifukwa cha kuthirira kwambiri;
- kuyanika kunja kwa mphukira chifukwa cha kuwongolera dzuwa kapena kusakhala chinyezi;
- kusowa kwa zipatso chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mungu.
Zofunika! Masamba achikasu ndi owuma ndi chizindikiro cha kuphwanya malamulo osamalira Ruscus.
Zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro
Russian ikuyimira kutukuka ndi moyo. Malinga ndi nthano, nkhalango nymph idapereka zipatso zamtundu wa zipatso.
Poto wa maluwa sayenera kukhala pafupi kuposa mita imodzi kuchokera pagome, malo opumira. Kutengera ndi komwe kuli, ruskus imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana:
- pazenera - zosefera mphamvu zoyipa;
- ndi kama - akukhala bwino;
- m'makona - salola kusayenda mphamvu.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, zitsamba zobiriwira zosatha zidzakongoletsa mkati mwa chipinda chilichonse: ofesi kapena nyumba. Sikovuta kukula chikhalidwe chosasinthika, chinthu chachikulu ndikupewa chinyezi chowonjezera kuti mizu yake isavunde ndipo duwa lenilenilo silifa.
