Mtengo wa Oak ndi umodzi mwamitengo yofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chimakula pafupifupi konsekonse padziko lapansi, motero pali mitundu yake yambiri. Chikhalidwechi chimakhala chosiyana ndi zina chifukwa, chifukwa cha korona wake, chimatha kudulidwa mosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, munjira ya bonsai.
Mitundu ya Bonsai ochokera ku Oak
Si mitundu yonse ya thundu yomwe ili yoyenera kukongoletsa masamba ake munjira ya bonsai. Nthawi zambiri, mitengo yaku North America bara ndi mitengo ya beech imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa. Kuti apange korona, mitundu yokhala ndi masamba owonda ndiyofunikira.
Zidula zimadulidwa kumapeto kwa masika
Beech oak Quercus palustris ndi yofunika kwambiri. Monga lamulo, ndizosatheka kuti zikule m'munda wamtali mkati mwake, chifukwa chake mbewuyo imangosungidwa mchipinda chokha. Mtundu wina wotchuka ndi wakumpoto wa oak Quercus ellipsoidalis, amenenso ali m'gulu la beech. Mitengo yotere imakhala ndi masamba osachedwa ndi lobes lakuya.
Tcherani khutu! Nthawi zambiri popanga ma oak bonsai amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yamapini, yomwe ili ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta pakupanga korona.
Momwe mungakulitsire bonsai kunyumba kuchokera ku oak
Pali njira ziwiri zikuluzikulu zomwe mungakulitsire mtengo kunyumba: kudula mizu ndi kufesa mbewu. M'magawo onse awiriwa, pali zovuta zina.
Kuchokera kwa mbewu
Kuti mupeze bonsai kuchokera ku thundu, mutha kubzala mbewu, kutanthauza kubzala acorns pansi, ndikukula mbande. Njirayi ndi yayitali kuposa zodulidwa, ndipo ifunika chisamaliro chapadera mutabzala.
Momwe mungakulitsire bonsai kuchokera ku mitengo ya oak sitepe ndi sitepe:
- Zilowerere acorns wathanzi popanda chilema m'madzi. Chotsani ndi kupukuta.
- Bzalani ma acorn m'bokosi ndi gawo lapansi kapena makapu ochepa.
- Thirani ndi kuphimba ndi zojambulazo.
- Nthawi ndi nthawi, makontena amayenera kupatsidwamo mpweya ndi kuthiriridwa madzi.
- Mizu yake ikamera, ndipo ikayamba kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita, imabzalidwe m'mbale zazikulu.
Kuyambira kudula
Kukula ndi odulidwa kumachitika mchaka. Dulani zidutswa zazing'ono ndi mphukira zamphamvu, muyenera kuchita izi ndi oblique odulidwa. Zodulidwa zimayikidwa pachitatu mu gawo lama michere ndikuwothira kwambiri.
Zofunika! Pamtunda kwa kutentha kwazithunzithunzi kumatha kuphimbidwa ndi galasi. Zimasulidwa pokhapokha pakukula kwa mizu yolimba.
Nthaka kapena malo okhala
Ngati mbande ya oak yakumbidwa m'munda kapena paki, ndibwino kuti ichoke panthaka. Mbewuyo ikufunikira panthaka ndipo imazika mizu mwachangu ngati ibzalidwe m'nthaka "mbadwa".
Pakubzala mbewuyi, gawo lapansi lapadera limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe lidzakhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu azinthu zachilengedwe. Komanso, uyenera kuphatikiza nthaka yomasuka ndi mchenga wina wamtsinje.
Oak amafuna kuyatsa kwabwino
Ndikofunikira kupatsa mbewuyi nyali yayitali, ndiye kuti potoyo sikulimbikitsidwa kuyikidwa mumthunzi. Chinyezi chimafunika chokwera kwambiri, komanso kutentha - kuyambira madigiri 15 mpaka 22.
Kudulira kwa mizu
Ndikofunikira kukula bonsai thundu ndi kudulira mizu nthawi zonse. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika pakachotsa masamba ndi masamba akufawo mu kugwa, kuti chitsamba sichimavutika kwambiri chifukwa chosowa michere chifukwa cha mizu yofooka.
Kudulira mizu kumachitika mokhazikika, pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira, pomwe nthambi yantchito imakula kwambiri. Mtengowu umachotsedwa mumphika ndipo dothi limachotsedwa. Ngati pali ma rhizomes owuma, amadulidwa, ndipo mizu yothandizirana imafupikitsidwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwawo.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati mizu yake ndi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti yokhayo yokhazikika ndiyokhota. Izi zimathandizira kukula kwa mizu yofooka.
Feteleza
Kungobzala mtengo mumphika sikokwanira, kuyenera kudyetsedwa. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere, makamaka wokhala ndi nayitrogeni. Chitsamba sichimaphuka, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza nthawi yonseyi.
Sitima Yokha Yobwereketsa
Mapangidwe
Kuti mupeze korona wokongola, muyenera kudula korona pachaka. Pali masitayelo ambiri odulira bonsai a thundu:
- mbiya imodzi yokha;
- nkhalango;
- ophatikiza.
Zindikirani! Ndikofunikira kucheka osati ndi masamba okha, komanso masamba atsopano.
Kupanga zogwirizana
Pofuna kuti musangotenga korona wokongola, komanso kuteteza chitsamba kuti chisakokoloke, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti apange mtengo wa bonsai oak mumayendedwe opha. Choyamba, ndibwino kudula mapepala akuluakulu ndikusiyapo ang'onoang'ono, kotero kuti mtengowo uzowoneka bwino.
Chisamaliro
Ndikofunikira kusamalira chomera nthawi zonse, chifukwa kuti mukule mtengo wabwino mawonekedwe, zimatenga mphamvu zambiri komanso chidwi. Ndikofunikira kuyendetsa zochitika zonse pafupipafupi, kutsatira malamulo ena.
Matenda nthawi zonse amagunda masamba
Ndondomeko zoyambira ndi malingaliro osamalira ma bonsai oak:
- Kuunikira kwabwino. Oak bonsai amakonda kuwala kowala. Ngati chitsamba chabzalidwa m'mundamo, ndiye kuti malowo azisankhidwa otseguka momwe mungathere. Kunyumba, chitsamba chimayikidwa pafupi ndi mazenera akumwera ndi kumadzulo. Kubwera kwa autumn, zowonjezera zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magetsi wamba kapena ma fitolamp apadera otetezeka.
- Chinyezi. Choyimira ichi chimakhala vuto m'mazipinda mukayamba nyengo yachisanu. Nthawi yotentha ikayamba, shrub imayamba kuvutika ndi mpweya wouma. Pofuna kuti tisakumanenso ndi vuto lofananalo, chitsamba chimapopera madzi kamodzi patsiku. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, mumphikawo amatha kuyikika pa thireyi yapadera, yomwe nthawi ndi nthawi mumafunikira kuwonjezera madzi.
- Kutentha M'chilimwe, mtengo wa thundu wotchedwa bonsai amatengedwa kupita nawo kumunda; M'nyengo yozizira, zitsamba zimasungidwa kutentha kwa + 10 ... +20 degrees.
- Kuthirira. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kawiri pa sabata. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala oyera ndipo makamaka osachokera pampopi. Muli chlorine, chomwe ndi chowopsa ku chitsamba. Asanagwiritse ntchito, madzi apampopi ayenera kusiyidwa kuti ayime kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi ndi asanu ndi limodzi, ayenera kukondoweza nthawi ndi nthawi.
Zofunika! Palibe chifukwa choti muzithirira mbewu zokongoletsa masamba ndi madzi ozizira. Bwino kumuloleza azitentha firiji.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Oak samakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo, koma mbewuyo imatha kudwala. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino. Mpweya wouma, kusefukira kwamtunda kumatha kuyambitsa kuyanika kwa masamba. Powdery mildew nthawi zina imatha kuwoneka ngati yovala zoyera, zomwe zimadetsa pakapita nthawi. Zotsatira zake, mtengo umatha mphamvu ndikuwuma. Matendawa amathandizidwa ndi fungicides.
Wokongola Bonsai Oak
Oak bonsai amawoneka bwino kwambiri kunyumba. M'nyengo yozizira, msimba umalima m'nyumba, ndipo nthawi yotentha mbewuyo imatha kutengedwa kupita kumunda ndipo ngakhale imapita kumtunda. Chitsamba chingagwirizane bwino m'munda.
