Anthurium ndi mtengo wokongola wamaluwa wamkati womwe ungathe kukongoletsa bwino chipinda chilichonse. Dzina lina lodziwika ndi "chisangalalo chachimuna." Chifukwa chake, akukhulupirira kuti m'nyumba zokhala ndi mbewu zamtunduwu, oyimira kugonana mwamphamvu azichita bwino ndikukhala osangalala. Ngakhale anthu ena amapeza duwa ili pabwino, ndikosavuta kusamalira. Ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo osavuta, ndipo amasangalatsa mwiniwake ndi mawonekedwe ake. Komabe, ngati mukulakwitsa posamalira, mbewuyo imadwala. Izi zitha kutsimikizika ndi maonekedwe. Maonekedwe a masamba achikasu ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha mavuto. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungadziwire chomwe chimayambitsa chikaso komanso ngati muyenera kuda nkhawa nthawi zonse, komanso ngati masamba a anthurium atasanduka achikasu, muyenera kuchita chiyani.
Maonekedwe achikasu mawamba pa anthurium: nthawi yodandaula
Kapangidwe ka mawanga achikaso sikusonyeza nthawi zonse matenda kapena vuto lililonse. Nthawi zina izi zimakhala zachilengedwe chomera. Ngati chisamaliro ndichabwino, achinyamata, athanzi, masamba obiriwira amawonekera pafupipafupi, ndipo okalamba amafa, nthawi zambiri masamba achikasu amawoneka pa tsinde. Iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe yotchedwa kukalamba. Masamba akale awa amangofunika kuchotsedwa, nthawi zina amadzigwera okha.
Anthurium Andre (Anthurium andreanum)
Zofunika! Kuchuluka kwa timapepala totsatirali ndikofunikira: zosaposa 2-3 milandu pachaka chimodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, padzakhala atsopano m'malo awo. Kupanda kutero, uku sikulinso kukalamba kwachilengedwe, koma chizindikiro cha matenda ndi kusabala.
Monga mbewu zina, anthurium amatha kupanikizika. Zimayambitsidwa ndikusintha kapena kusunthira kumalo ena. Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chabwino, maluwa amatha kubwerera mwachangu ndikula bwino. Komabe, ngati anthurium yonse yaphimbidwa ndi mawanga achikasu, masamba owuma, muyenera kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa izi ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti muchithetse, apo ayi maluwa adzafa.
Masamba achikasu pa anthurium
Nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa nkhawa za maluwa ndicho kusowa kwenikweni chisamaliro. Zitha kuyambitsa zovuta zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa mwachangu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli. Komanso, mbewu zamtunduwu zimatha kupatsirana tizirombo.
Chifukwa chiyani masamba a Anthurium amasanduka achikasu
Zifukwa zazikulu zimaphatikizapo: kusankha mphika wolakwika, chinyezi chochepa, kuthirira kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa chipinda. Izi zonse zitha kukhala gwero lavuto. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupende ndikutsimikizira chilichonse.
Malo ndi zotsatira za kutentha kochepa
Chipindacho chizikhala chotentha nthawi zonse. Ngati chipindacho sichochepera +15 digiri kapena kukonzekera kumachitika, ndiye kuti maluwa azivutika. Kupatula chikasu, masamba amakhala ofewa kwambiri komanso owopsa.
Yellowness imawoneka m'mphepete ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono imasunthira mkati mwa mbale. Kenako masambawo amawuma ndipo amakhala akuda. Pomwe magetsi ofunda atazimitsidwa, vuto lomweli limabukanso.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Tizilombo nthawi zambiri timayambitsa kusintha kwazomera. Zimathanso kukhudza mizu, yomwe imawopseza kwambiri moyo wa anthurium. Masamba amatha kukhala achikasu chifukwa cha matenda otsatirawa:
- Gray zowola. Matendawa amatha chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri m'chipindacho. Zonse zimayamba ndi kuphika wachikasu, kenako zimayamba zoyera. Ndikofunikira kudziwa matendawa kumayambiriro kuti muzitha kuchitira bwino maluwa ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwawo.
- Septoria amachititsa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Malo omwe ali pambaleyo amakula mwachangu ndikufalikira m'malo ambiri. Tsamba limayamba kumera.
- Anthracosis imalumikizidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera mukalimidwa. Tsamba limasanduka loyera, ndipo nsonga yake yokha ndi chikaso.
- Chlorosis ndi chifukwa chosowa michere m'nthaka, monga magnesium kapena iron. Chomera chimawoneka chouma kwambiri, mitsempha yogawanika siyowoneka pambale.
- Zomera zimadziwika ndi kutukuka msanga: masamba amagwa m'masiku ochepa chifukwa chakutha kwa michere.
Zofunika! Kuti mumvetsetse ngati tizilombo tikugwirizana ndi thanzi la anthurium, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa tsamba lililonse.
Zomera tizirombo
Chikaso pambuyo povunduka
Kukongoletsa masamba pambuyo podziika kumachitika nthawi zambiri. Zolakwika pakuchita izi zimapangitsa kuti mitundu ikhale yolakwika. Ngati pali zizindikiro zachikasu pambuyo pa kusinthika, izi zikutanthauza kuti mizu ingawonongeke. Chifukwa cha chidwi chake, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu m'nthaka mosamala momwe mungathere. Kusintha kwatsopano kwa nthaka yatsopano kumapangidwa pokhapokha ngati pali zovuta zina.
Zofunika! Ngati maluwa agulidwa pasitolo, nthaka yonse iyenera kusinthidwa. Kenako simungathe kuthirira anthurium kwa masiku atatu oyamba kuti mupewe kuwola.
Makina olakwika amathirira
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kungayambitse chikaso cha masamba. Pali zinthu zina zofunika kuzichita kuti muchepetse chinyezi chambiri. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwola ndi chikaso zingakhale:
- Madzi ochulukirapo.
- Kusankhidwa kwa gawo lapansi lolakwika.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yayikulu kwambiri ndikulakwitsa posankha ngalande, zomwe zimayambitsanso nkhawa mmera.
Komanso, zoopsa sizimangokhala poti madzi ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso osakwanira. Kuuma kwambiri kungayambitsenso kuvunda kwa mizu. Chikaso chimayamba m'mphepete mwa masamba ndikupita pakati.
Kubzala mumphika wolakwika
Ngati malo sangathe kukula ndi kutulutsa mizu mumphika wosankhika wamaluwa, mbewuyo singakule ndi kukhalapo bwino. Zopangira zachilendo siziloledwa kukula chomera ichi. Miphika yamaluwa yokha ndiyofunika kwa anthurium kuti ikwaniritse bwino mizu yake. Kupanda kutero, duwa adzafa pang'onopang'ono.
Miphika yazomera yabwino
Ku walephera
Chomera chimakonda kuwala kwambiri. Itha kukhala nthawi yamadzulo, koma samva bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mupeze kuyatsa kokwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, kuwala kowongoka (makamaka kuwala kwa dzuwa kudutsa mugalasi) kumatha kusokoneza kukula ndikuyambitsa kutentha kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, kuyerekezera zinthu kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuyaka komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mutha kumamatira pamtunda wapadera woteteza dzuwa pagalasi kuti muthane ndi vutoli.
Zofunika! Kuwala kwabwino mokwanira kumatha kupezedwa ndikuyatsa kwanyumba. Koma palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsa pafupi ndi maluwa. Chipindacho chimangofunika kukhala chowala mokwanira.
Kuperewera kwa feteleza ndi feteleza
Ndikofunikira osati kusankha koyenera kwa feteleza kuti mupatse mbeu chakudya chokwanira ndi mavitamini, komanso nthawi yabwino.
Kukula kogwira ntchito kwa Anthurium kumatha mwezi wa Epulo mpaka Ogasiti, ndiye kuti, nthawi yotentha komanso masika ambiri. Ngati mavalidwe apamwamba sachitidwa pakadali pano, ma sheetwo amaphimbidwa ndi utoto wachikaso ndipo adzagwa nthawi.
Zofunika! Feteleza zochulukanso ndi owopsa, motero malangizo onse omwe aphatikizidwa ayenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa.
Momwe mungachiritsire anthurium
Njira yodziwira chikaso:
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa masamba omwe amasanduka achikasu. Izi zithandiza kuti mbewuyo ichira msanga.
- Ngati choyambitsa chikuwonongeka ndichosasamala mosayenera, zinthu ziyenera kukhala bwino. Kuti tichite izi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mpweya wonyezimira, samalira kuthirira ndi kudyetsa.
- Ndikofunika kuthilira duwa motsatira malamulo onse, kungogwiritsa ntchito miphika yoyenera komanso kukula kwake.
- Ngati gwero lavuto lawola, muyenera kuchotsa maluwa mumphika, kutsuka mizu ndi madzi ofunda ndikuyang'anitsitsa mosamala. Zomera zitha kusungidwa ndikuziyika mu njira yotsatsira mphindi 20. Zitatha izi, mizu imafunika kuyesedwa, chomera chija chizitha kuziika m'chidebe chatsopano ndikuthirira, dikirani mpaka masamba atsopano atayamba kukula.
Kuunikira ndikofunikira kwa anthurium
Njira zopewera
Chimodzi mwazomwe mungachite posamala ndi kupewera kwa matenda, tizirombo touluka. Izi zikuthandizani kuzindikira nthawi yoyambirira mavutowa. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti muzitsatira mosamala malamulo akusamalira.
Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nyengo yabwino komanso yabwino kwambiri yazomera zabwino. Ngati matendawa apezeka pansi, ndikofunikira kupatula mbewu pamaluwa ena kuti isafalikire. Kutsatira mosamala kudzateteza kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe cha anthurium, kudzazindikira msanga mavuto ndikuchiritsa maluwa.
Masamba opaka masamba mu anthurium amathanso kuchitika osati ndi matenda kapena chisamaliro chosayenera, komanso ndi njira zachilengedwe mkati mwa duwa. Ngati mukukumana ndi vutoli, muyenera kupeza choona, kenako kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, chitani zonse zotheka kuti mupulumutse mbewu zapakhomo.
