Guzmania: Malo okongolera okongola kunyumba

Zomera zongomera zapamwamba pazenera lanu zikuyamba ntchito yotchuka pakati pa wamaluwa. Ndipo kukongola monga guzmania nthawi zambiri kumakhala kunyada kwa mayi aliyense wapakhomo. Maonekedwe osazolowereka a mmera ndi maso. Kusamalira sikudzakhala kovuta, duwa limatha kubzala kunyumba popanda mavuto. Idzakongoletsa zamkati zilizonse, zimapatsa coziness komanso mawonekedwe apadera kunyumba kwanu kapena kuofesi.

Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha guzmania

Guzmania (kapena gusmania - mayina onse ndi olondola) ndi mlendo wochokera kumapiri amvula. Amakhala ku Central ndi South America. Guzmania kuchokera ku mtundu wa Bromeliad, ndi wa masamba obiriwira wa epiphytic (samamera m'nthaka), amakhala kumapiri a mapiri, mitengo ikuluikulu komanso makungwa a mitengo yakufa. Mizu ya duwa ndi yapamwamba koma yolimba. Guzmania amatenga chinyezi kuchokera kumalo akunja.

Gusmania - chomera cha epiphyte chochititsa chidwi kwambiri

Masamba ndi otambalala, lanceolate, wobiriwira, amatha kukhala ndi mikwingwirima yayitali kapena yopingasa, amapanga malo olimbirana momwe guzmania imasonkhanitsira madzi amvula. Bract (ambiri amasokoneza ndi duwa lenileni) nthawi zonse amapaka utoto wowala kuti akope tizilombo touluka: maluwa ku guzmania ndi ochepa kwambiri, sawoneka. Zomera zakhala zikupanga njira yopusitsika kwazaka zambiri, apo ayi banjali liziwopsezedwa kuti litha chifukwa cha zovuta pakupangika kwa mbeu. Mitundu ina ya guzmania yatseka maluwa, mkati mwake momwe kupukutira kumachitika padera chifukwa cholumikizana ndi stamens ndi pestle. Zomera zimamera pafupifupi milungu khumi ndi isanu ndi iwiri, kenako nkufa. Komabe, musachite mantha, muyenera kusamalira kubereka pasadakhale.

Mtunduwu unafotokozedwa koyamba ndi wasayansi wazomera zaku Spain - wofufuza Anastasio Guzman mu 1802. Mtengowo dzina lake unamupatsa gusmania (guzmania ndi Latin Latin).

Guzmania ndi mlendo wolandila pama windowsill onse, chifukwa imayeretsa mpweya mokwanira komanso imathandizira kusintha kwamphamvu. Amati duwa ili ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu ya amuna, limapatsanso mphamvu zambiri.

Ngakhale idachokera kuti, guzmania ndiyosasamala posamalira ndipo siyibweretsa zovuta ngakhale kwa wobwebweta. Chofunikira kwambiri kwa iye ndi chinyezi chokwanira komanso kuwala kowala.

Mitundu yotchuka mu maluwa a maluwa

• Guzmania lero ili ndi mitundu yoposa zana. Komabe, ndi mitundu yochepa yokha yomwe imalimidwa kunyumba.
• Tempo. Mawonedwe awa amakopa ndi kusiyanitsa kwake: poyerekeza ndi masamba amtundu, masamba obiriwira opepuka, mawonekedwe ofiira owala amawoneka bwino. Masamba ndi odera, owala, sobo ndi wandiweyani. Kutalika kuli pafupifupi 35 cm.
• Ostara. Ichi ndi chosakanizidwa. Ili ndi masamba opyapyala, owoneka bwino. Phesi ndi lalitali, pazovala zofiira, maluwa oyera amatuluka pang'ono, amasala msanga. Osaganiza bwino pochoka. Imagawidwa kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa.
• Reed. Mwina mitundu yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa guzmania. Rosette ndi wandiweyani, masamba ndi osiyanasiyana, perianth ndi wowala, kuchokera pabiri mpaka chikasu. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, owala kirimu, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence-spikelets, samatulutsa nthawi yayitali. Reed guzmania ili ndi mitundu: yofiirira, yamoto, yaying'ono, yofatsa, wamba.
• Wamng'ono - Rondo. Chomera chaching'ono chokongola, masamba obiriwira, mawonekedwe okhazikika, ofiira, ang'ono, maluwa oyera, ambiri, omwe atoleredwa mu inflorescence. Maluwa amayamba mu Okutobala.
• Kalipso. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamitundu yokongola kwambiri ya gusmania. Rosette ndi lotayirira, yophatikizidwa ndi masamba opyapyala amtundu wobiriwira, mawonekedwe ake ndiowongoka, masamba ake amawongoleredwa m'mwamba, amakhala ndi utoto wofiira.
• Magazi ofiira. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi pakati penipeni pomwe amatuluka ali ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri. Funso lapakati nthawi zambiri limakhala lodzaza chinyezi. Chifukwa chake, maluwa a mbewuyo amayandama mkati mwake.
• Mose. Matalala okhaokha ndi afupiafupi, masamba ake amakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono opakidwa ofiira kapena lalanje. Mtengo wokongoletsera wamtunduwu wagona masamba - ali ndi mitundu.
• Mmodzi-wared. Zosagulika kwenikweni, zazing'ono zazing'ono. Gusmania yamtunduwu imakhala ndi zokongoletsera, masamba ataliitali opakidwa mizere yayitali.

Zojambulajambula: mitundu ya gusmania

Gome: Zofunikira zofunika kuti mukule ndi kukhazikitsa nyumba ya epiphyte

Momwe mungabzale kapena kufalikira bromeliad

Kusamalira gusmania sikutanthauza kusunthidwa pafupipafupi. Guzmania sifunikira njira yofananira ngati imva bwino: masamba ndi obiriwira, mizu ndi yathanzi, kukula kwamphamvu kukuwoneka. Kuika ndi kofunikira pokhapokha pakufunika - kubala, ana atapangidwa, kapena kusintha poto, ngati ndichaching'ono. Pankhaniyi, ma nuances ena ayenera kukumbukiridwa.

Dothi

Guzmania ndi chomera cha epiphytic, kotero gawo lapansi lofunikira kwambiri. Pansi pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe, imamera pamakungwa a mitengo kapena zinyalala zamtchire, ndipo imadyera mpweya wonyowa.

Mizu ya guzmania imangothandiza kumangoyambira pansi, mizu ya michere pafupifupi singatenge.

Ngati tikulankhula posakaniza dothi lodzipangira nokha, ndiye kuti liyenera kukhala peat, mchenga wamtsinje, turf ndi humus m'malo ofanana, momwe muyenera kuwonjezera sphagnum ndi makungwa a pine osankhidwa (ngati ngalande). Inde, ndizosavuta kugula dothi lapadera la bromeliad mu sitolo.

Gawo loyambira guzmania liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lotayirira

Mphika

Mbale ya guzmania imasankhidwa mwakuya, koma osati lonse. Potere, mizu siivunda, imakula bwino, ndikupatsa mbewu yabwino. Ndikwabwino kusankha poto wawung'ono, wokhala ndi mabowo okwirira. Kuti khazikike, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika china chake cholemera pansi pamphika.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: Zosankha zoyenera za gusmania mkati

Kodi ndikofunikira kupatsira guzmania mutagula

Nthawi zambiri, opanga mwachangu amathandizira kukonzekera kwa malonda asanagulitsidwe, kupereka mbale yoyenera ndi gawo loyenerera. Izi sizikhala nthawi zonse konsekonse. Onani bwino dothi. Ngati chikuwoneka ngati peat, ndipo zidutswa za khungwa kapena mbewa zowoneka bwino ndi maliseche, duwa lotere silifunikira kufalikira. Kuti dothi likhale lolimba kukakhudza, ndibwino kuti muzitha kufalitsa guzmania.

Poika mbewu, musavulaze mizu yokhazikika ya guzmania. Zomera zidzayankha izi pang'onopang'ono pakukula ndikukula, osafuna kuphuka ndi kutuluka kwa matenda.

Kusamalira Gusmania

Musaganize kuti mbewu zonse zakunja zimafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Guzmania, popanda kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, imakusangalatsani ndi mawonekedwe okongola ndi owala.

Momwe mungamwere madzi ndi momwe manyowa

Guzmania yachilendo imadziwonetsera ngakhale kuthilira. Izi sizichitika, monga mbewu zambiri, pansi pamzu, koma pakudzaza malo ndi madzi. Ndipo onse chifukwa chakuti kumalo okhala zachilengedwe, guzmania imasonkhanitsa chinyezi makamaka kuchokera kumlengalenga chifukwa cha masamba ake ambiri, omwe amakhala ngati zotumphukira poyambira madzi. Ngati mpweya mchipindacho uli wouma, duwa liyenera kumanizidwa kamodzi pa tsiku.

Kutsirira kumachitika motere. Tengani madzi okhazikika firiji ndi kuthira pansi pofikira. Pamapeto pa tsiku, madzi ochulukirapo amatsitsidwa. Izi zili pakati pa Epulo ndi Sepemba. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumatsika mpaka 18 ° C, dothi limanyowa m'njira yachikhalidwe, yosasintha. Izi ndichifukwa choti pansi pazinthu zoterezi pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga matenda a fungus. Kutsirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse m'chilimwe mu nyengo yotentha (pakakhala mitambo - ikhoza kukhala tsiku lina lililonse).

Mwachilengedwe, gusmania imatenga chinyezi kuchokera kumlengalenga, kotero kuthilira iwo muzu sikokwanira ndipo sikuti nthawi zonse

Guzmania imapakidwa madzi ofunda tsiku lililonse (pafupifupi 30 ° C). Madzi ozizira sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga izi - malo amdima amawoneka pamasamba.

Kuvala kwapamwamba ndi gawo lofunikira posamalira chomera. Feteleza woyenera bromeliads. Amadulidwa molingana ndi malangizo ndikuwazidwa ndi guzmania kamodzi masabata awiri muchilimwe, komanso nthawi yophukira ndi yophukira - kamodzi pamwezi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba sikofunikira.

Ndikwabwino osayesa feteleza kuti musawononge guzmania. Kupatula apo, si aliyense amene amadziwa kuti salola feteleza wa superphosphate ndi mullein.

Nthawi ya maluwa

Maluwa ndi nthawi yowala kwambiri m'moyo wa guzmania, komanso chisoni, chifukwa pambuyo pake mbewuyo imafa. Kukongola kwakunja kumatha pafupifupi milungu 17. M'malo mwake, izi zimakondweretsa maso, ndipo maluwa ang'onoang'ono amatha masiku angapo pambuyo poti awonekere. Nthawi zambiri m'masitolo mutha kugula kale kutulutsa guzmania. Funso ndilakuti limakhala liti mdziko lino komanso ngati lingakwanitse kulera ana moyo wamtsogolo.

Guzmania itatha, peduncle iyenera kudulidwa pansi pomwepo. Izi zimachitika kuti, choyamba, chomera sichigwiritsanso ntchito mphamvu pazinthu zosafunikira, ndipo, kachiwiri, kupatsa mawonekedwe okongola.

Guzmania limangophuka mchaka chachinayi cha kukula ndi chitukuko chake.

Momwe mungapangire kuti pachomera pachomera

Zoyenera kuchita pamene chomera sichikufuna kuphuka? Zikuwoneka kuti mikhalidwe yake ndi yabwino kwambiri, ndipo pazifukwa zina guzmania siyipanga kuyenda. Pankhaniyi, muyenera:

1. Kuti mupereke kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kutentha mpaka 27 ° C kwa masiku angapo - mutha kuphimba ndi cellophane, kenako ndikutsitsa mpaka 24 ° C.
2. Pukuta nthochi ndi maapulo m'mbale, ikani pafupi ndi guzmania ndikuphimba gawo lonse ndi thumba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zipatso zimasunga zinthu zapadera zomwe zimathandizira kucha, komanso zopindulitsa poyambira maluwa. Asanawonekeke ma bracts, phukusi silimachotsedwa kwathunthu, koma zipatso nthawi ndi nthawi zimasinthidwa ndi zatsopano kuti zowola zisayambe.

Ma inflorescence osawoneka ngati mbewa komanso nthawi yayitali maluwa amasiyanitsidwa ndi alendo ena otentha - pachistachis. Werengani zambiri za izo: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/pahistahis-uhod-v-domashnih-usloviyah.html

Kanema: Kusamalira guzmania kunyumba

Nthawi yopumula

Guzmania ilibe nthawi yopumula. Ichi ndi chomera chobiriwira chomwe chimaphuka kamodzi, kenako nkufa, ndikusiya masamba ang'onoang'ono. Mphindi yokhayo: nthawi yozizira, duwa silidyetsedwa ndipo pafupipafupi kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Ndikulimbikitsanso kukonzanso mphika ndi guzmania pazenera lakumwera, m'malo owala kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikutha.

Gome: Zolakwa za Guzmania Care

Komanso maluwa enaake amakhala amtengo wapatali ngati medinilla. Mutha kudziwa momwe mungamupatse chisamaliro chabwino kunyumba kuchokera kuzinthuzi: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/medinilla-kak-obespechit-ej-dostojnyj-uxod-v-domashnix-usloviyax.html

Matenda ndi tizirombo ta guzmania

Monga chomera chilichonse, guzmania imatha kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kuyankha panthawi yomwe zinthu zilipo.

Gome: Zowopsa za bromeliads

Zithunzi zojambulidwa: tizirombo ta guzmania

Gome: Matenda ofala

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: matenda a guzmania

Kuswana kwa Guzmania kunyumba

Kufalitsa maluwa kumatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

• mwa kulekanitsa njira zomwe zimapangidwa kumene (ana) zotsalira pambuyo pa kufa kwa chomera chachikulu;
• mbewu.

Gawoli

1. Ndikofunikira kudikirira kufa kwa chiberekero.
   

   Pambuyo pa maluwa, kutuluka kwa maluwa a guzmania

2. Konzani mbale yaying'ono ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 9 cm, mudzaze ndi 2/3 ya gawo lapansi lomwe lalimbikitsidwa pamwambapa ndi kuwonjezera kwa sphagnum.
3. Chotsani guzmania ndi njira kuchokera m'nthaka ndipo mosamala, ndi mpeni wakuthwa (kale utatulutsidwa ndi mowa), sanulani ana ndi mizu yawo: apo ayi mbewuyo sidzakhala mizu.
   

   Gawoli limayenera kukhala ndi mizu ya ana

4. Imirirani ana padera, poto wokonzedwa kale ndi dothi, kuwaza mizu pamwamba ndi gawo lapansi.
   

   Mphukira zathanzi zokha zomwe zimakhala ndi mizu ndizoyenera kubzala

5. Kuti mudzaze dziko lapansi (musadzaze!) Ndikuphimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki, ndikupanga mini-greenhouse. Osayiwala kuyendetsa ndege tsiku ndi tsiku.
   

   Mbale yomwe ili pansi pa thumba ili masiku angapo kuti mupeze mizu yodalirika ya guzmania.

6. Pambuyo pa masiku 4-5, chotsani filimuyo ndikuyika mphika pamalo owala kwambiri. Khala kutali ndi dzuwa.
   

   Miphika yokhala ndi guzmania achinyamata imayikidwa kwambiri kumwera, koma yotetezedwa ndi dzuwa

Kanema: Kufalikira kwamaluwa mwakugawa

Mbewu

Njira yofalitsira guzmania ili ndi malo, koma sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alimi a maluwa.

1. Mbewu zogulidwa m'sitolo, zokhazikika m'maso mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate (makristali awiri pa galasi lamadzi kutentha kwa chipinda), zouma.
   

   Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, pomwe madzi akuyenera kukhala madigiri 30

2. Konzani dothi - chisakanizo cha peat ndi mtsinje, mchenga wowuma pamawerengero a 1: 1.
   

   Kusakaniza kwa dothi kwa mbewu kumasiyana mosiyana ndi gawo la mbeu zazikulu

3. Fesani nthangala mu thankiyo ndi dothi osakaniza osagona.
   

   Mbeu za Guzmania zimafunikira kuwala kuti zimere

4. Amayika chikwama pamwamba ndikuchiyika pamalo owala kwambiri, kupewa dzuwa. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala kuzungulira 23 ° C.
   

   Minipair ikhoza kukhala yopanga

5. Pambuyo pa milungu itatu, mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera. Osachotsa zokutira kwa miyezi iwiri.
   

   Zikafika mphukira zoyambirira, mipingayo simachotsedwa

6. Pakatha miyezi ingapo, mbewu zazing'ono zimadumphira makapu osiyana mu gawo laling'ono la bromeliads.
   

   Mbewu zachikale zimakhazikika m'matumba ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mabowo

7. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mutatha kutola, mbande zimayikidwa mumphika wokhazikika.
   

   Mizu ya guzmania yozika mizu m'malo obzala - mosiyanasiyana mbale

8. Zomera zotere sizimaphuka osati zaka 4-5.

Ndemanga

Ndidakondana nditawona duwa lokongola m'sitolo. Kusamalira sizofanana ndi aliyense: ndikosafunika kuti madzi ndi kuthira nthaka, koma ndibwino kuwathira mwachindunji kutulutsa masamba, popeza mbewuyo ndi epiphytic, imangofunika lapansi kokha kuti ikonze mizu. Ndipo kuthiriridwa kokha ndi madzi ofewa, osadziwika, mwinanso zingwe zotere zingaoneke pamasamba ofatsa. Chodabwitsa, panjira, ndikufalikira pamitengo ya guzmania: kwinakwake mudzawona pansi pa chikwi, ndipo kwinakwake - kwa ma ruble 60. Mwa njira, guzmania wanga wachiwiri,, wogula ndalama zopusa izi (sindikudziwa chifukwa chake amachotsera, mwina anali ocheperako, koma wokongola) - adangopatsa ana angapo !!! Palibe malire pa chisangalalo ndi chiyembekezo changa, chifukwa amene anagulidwa kale, wamphamvu komanso zokulirapo, wamwalira kale, koma saganiza zopeza ana. Mwina chowonadi ndichakuti wocheperapo padzuwa lowala wayimirira, ndipo ndimamwetsa madzi pang'ono. Chifukwa chake ndimaliza kuti guzmania ndi thermophilic, osakonda kukokomeza kwamadzi phuma. Kumwaza mankhwalawa kumakonda, koma kumadzi, monga akunenera, kamodzi masiku 10, iye amasunga madzi awa potulutsa masamba, ndipo ndizokwanira kwa iye. Ndikukhulupirira kuti ana apanga momwe angafunikire, chifukwa ndizomvetsa chisoni kutaya chomera chokongola ngati ichi!

Savannah//irecommend.ru/content/velikolepnyi-stilnyi-tsvetok

Guzmania ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri, ndikuganiza kuti sayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri, ndinayang'ana pa zomwe ndamva, zitatha, muyenera kudula maluwa, ndipo patapita kanthawi ayamba kumera.

vitos//indasad.ru/forum/27-uchod-za-komnatnimi-pareniyami/2065-guzmaniya

Ndinapatsidwa Guzmania pafupifupi zaka 5 zapitazo pa Marichi 8th. Amawoneka ngati duwa lalikulu lowoneka bwino mkati mwa "gulu lotseguka". Pafupifupi milungu iwiri pambuyo pake, ndidasinthitsa duwa kuchokera kwa kanthawi ndikukakhala mumphika wocheperako wa ceramic. Guzmania inali pachimake kwa miyezi ingapo. Kenako duwa linayamba kupindika osati kuti liume, koma ngati kuti “likhala lolimba”. Nthawi yomweyo, ana angapo anatuluka, ndipo patapita kanthawi ndinawaika m'miphika, pamenepo mayiwo anali atafa. Ndipo tsopano - m'badwo watsopano womwe umachokera ku guzmania wopereka uja. Juicy sedge inasandulika wobiriwira, akukula, "fluffing". Ndidathirira duwa m'mene limaphwa, ndimatsimikiza kuti madziwo amalowa mu malo ogulitsira, nthawi zina amasula pansi. Kukhazikika kwa mbewuyo, malinga ndi mwambo, inali windowsill (mbali yakummawa). Kwa zaka zinayi palibe chomwe chidachitika, timapepala tatsopanolo timangowonjezeredwa nthawi ndi nthawi, kenako ... Mu April, nthawi yotsirira yotsatira, ndidawona china chake chosazama mu malo ozungulira - palibe malire a chisangalalo changa! Ndidikirira! Duwa limakula ndikukula kwamaluwa ake patali patapita miyezi itatu. Ndiye kuti, pofika chilimwe, guzmania idakhala ndendende momwe ndidawonera koyamba. Ndiye kwa miyezi ina 6 iye adaphwanya pawindo langa, pamenepo njira yomasulira ana ndikufa idabwerezedwanso.

Ndikuda//otzovik.com/review_3511785.html

Mosakayikira, guzmania ndi yopanda pake, chifukwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo otentha. Chomera chokongola bwino chidzayamika kwambiri ntchito ya wolima wakhama, yosangalatsa m'maso ndikubweretsa mtendere, bata ndi mtendere mnyumbayo.