Tikusamalira mabedi amundawo nthawi yonse yotentha, aliyense wa ife amafuna kumva zotsatira za zoyesayesa zathu, kututa zipatso zambiri mu kugwa. Koma monga momwe mawu akale amafotokozera: "Wanzeru amayendetsa zokolola, ndipo wanzeru amatenga dziko." Chifukwa chake, kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna ndikupeza mbewu yokhala ndi zipatso zonunkhira bwino komanso yowutsa mudyo, mukakulitsa mabedi, munthu asayiwale za kasinthidwe kazomera zamasamba. Njira yolima yachilengedweyi samangothandiza kukhalabe chonde, komanso imachepetsa kwambiri matenda ndi tizirombo timene timakhudzira mbewu zamasamba.
Kodi kusinthasintha kwa mbewu kumathetsa ntchito yanji?
Kuti mbewu zikule komanso kukula, mbewu zimafunikira kuchuluka kwa macrocell ena, chifukwa mbewu zamasamba zimatha kusintha zinthuzi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo: mbewu za muzu (mbatata, kaloti, beets) zimafuna kuchuluka kwa phosphorous, ndi mbewu zamasamba (kabichi, letesi) zimafuna nayitrogeni. Ndipo ngati mbewu za muzu, chifukwa cha mizu yolimba yopanga chakudya, ndikutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yakutali yokhala ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, ndiye kuti mizu ya masamba omwe ali ndi masamba amatha kupeza zomwe zofunikira pokhazikitsa madera apamwamba okha ...
Ntchito yayikulu yomwe kasinthidwe ka mbewu m'munda umathetsa ndikugawa zofanana mu nthaka
Kubzala m'malo osankhidwa chaka ndi chaka mtundu umodzi wa mbewu zamasamba kumapangitsa kuti nthaka ichepetse ndikuchepa kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena china.
Kusintha kwokhazikitsidwa bwino kwachilengedwe kokha pamunda waumwini kumapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zabwino zonse zadothi labwino
Mukakulitsa masamba a banja limodzi, tizilombo ndi tizilombo tomwe timayamba kudziunjikira m'nthaka, zomwe zimakhudza banja ili. Pankhani yodzala mbewu yomweyo yomwe imamera chilimwechi pabedi lokhalidwa, nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi wopeza zipatso zomwe zimayambukiridwa ndi matenda. Ngati kubzala mbewu mosiyana pachaka, osapeza chakudya choyenera, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timangofa. Njira yabwino ndiyakuti oimira banja lomwelo abwereranso ku malo awo akale osakhalitsa kuposa nyengo ya 3-4.
Kuphatikiza apo, magulu azomera m'mundamo, poganizira zosowa zawo, amathandizira kwambiri kusamalira masimba. Chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa mbeu yabwino mdziko muno, mutha kuthana bwino ndi namsongole. Kupatula apo, odziwa zamaluwa adazindikira kale kuti mbewu zomwe zimamera ochepa masamba (parsley, kaloti) sizitha kuthana ndi kukula kwa namsongole ngati mbewu zomwe zimamera masamba (dzungu, zukini, mbatata).
Zomera yobzala, pomwe mizere yopingasa ikuwonetsa chaka chodzala (choyamba, chachiwiri ...), ndipo mizati yoyima ikuwonetsa madera omwe kuyikirako mbewu
Chifukwa cha kusinthana kwa mabedi, mutha kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri pakukula ndi kukula kwa mabedi azamasamba
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kasinthasintha wa mbeu
Pazaka zambiri zoyeserera, alimi ambiri, omwe apatsidwa mphamvu zakukula kwa mizu yazomera, komanso njira zomwe amapangira michere m'nthaka, aphunzira momwe angasinthire mbewu zamasamba m'mundamo. Dongosolo losavuta losinthira mbewu limakhazikitsidwa pamfundo yoti palibe mbewu imodzi pachaka yomwe ingamere m'malo amodzi nthawi ziwiri zotsatizana. Njira zina zotsogola zophatikizira mbewu zimaphatikizanso kusintha kwa mbewu pamalo amodzimodzi zaka zingapo zikubwerazi.
Mukakonza mapulani, akatswiri amayang'ana kwambiri magawo awiri: kusinthanitsa mabanja ndikusintha gulu la mbewu (mizu, zipatso, masamba)
Zimaphatikizidwa bwino ndi mbewu zazikulu monga kabichi, zukini ndi phwetekere, mbewu zamasamba zazing'ono zazikulu: anyezi, kaloti, radishes. Monga kubzala kwapakatikati pakati pa zokolola zazikulu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu yakucha: Beijing kabichi, radishes, letesi, sipinachi.
Ngati, tikamalemba kayendedwe ka kasinthasintha ka mbewu, titenga maziko azomera ngati maziko, zosankha zabwino ndi izi:
- zoyambira kabichi - tomato, mbatata, nandolo, letesi ndi anyezi;
- kaloti, masamba a zipatso, parsley ndi udzu winawake - pambuyo mbatata, beets kapena kabichi;
- mbatata zoyambirira ndi phwetekere - anyezi atatha, nkhaka, nyemba ndi kabichi;
- sikwashi, dzungu ndi zukini - pambuyo muzu mbewu, anyezi ndi kabichi;
- radish, turnip ndi radish - pambuyo mbatata, tomato, nkhaka;
- nkhaka - pambuyo kabichi, nyemba, phwetekere ndi mbatata;
- saladi, sipinachi ndi katsabola - pambuyo pa nkhaka, phwetekere, mbatata ndi kabichi;
- anyezi - mbatata, kabichi, nkhaka.
Polimbana ndi tizirombo ta masamba mbewu (masamba kafadala, nkhupakupa, scoops), mankhwala azitsamba zonunkhira. Khalani bwino ndi masamba:
- Broccoli wokhala ndi mutu wa letesi ndi parsley;
- Tomato wokhala ndi savory, sipinachi ndi kasupe wamadzi;
- Nkhaka ndi katsabola;
- Zapamwamba ndi kaloti ndi parsley ndi chives;
- Masamba obiriwira ndi parsley.
Masamba osankhidwa bwino atha kukhala ndi phindu kwa wina ndi mnzake. Kuphatikiza kopambana kubzala mbewu zamasamba ndi zitsamba ndizothandiza ndipo kumayambitsa mgwirizano.
Sikulimbikitsidwa kubzala "abale", omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi matenda wamba, pafupi ndi mbewu. Tomato ndi mbatata zobzala pafupi atha kudwala mochedwa
Kodi mungapangire bwanji dongosolo lanu lotembenuza mbewu?
Mukasankha kupanga mapulani osinthasintha mbewu pamtunda wakutali, ndikofunikira kuti apange pulani ya munda womwe ungawonetse malo omwe masamba ndi zipatso.
Pokonza mapulani, munthu ayenera kuganizira osati mawonekedwe a malowo, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwunika kwa mabedi am'munda panthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku
Chachilendo cha mbewu ndikuti ali ndi chosowa china cha michere. Kutengera zakumwedwa kwa nthaka ndikutsatira zinthu ndi michere, mbewu zamasamba zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- Zomera zofunikira zochepa. Zina mwa zokolola zomwe dothi limapangidwa ndi izi: anyezi, letisi, zitsamba zonunkhira, radara, nandolo, nyemba zamtchire.
- Zomera zokhala ndi michere yokwanira. Izi zikuphatikiza: tomato ndi nkhaka, beets ndi radishes, vwende, biringanya, komanso leki, sipinachi, kohlrabi ndi nyemba zopindika.
- Zomera zofunikira kwambiri. Izi ndi monga: zukini, udzu winawake, mbatata, dzungu, katsitsumzukwa, rhubarb, kabichi, sipinachi.
Kupanga chithunzi chosinthika cha mbewu, pulani yojambulayo iyenera kugawidwa m'magawo atatu kapena anayi, kutsata zomwe zitha kuonetsetsa kuti mbewu iliyonse ibwerera komwe idabzala m'chaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi.
Gawo loyambirira lachonde la mundawo limagawidwa chifukwa chobzala mbewu "zolimba" (kabichi, nkhaka, zukini). Gawo lachiwiri la chiwembu limagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala biringanya, tsabola, phwetekere, zomwe sizifunidwa mwachonde chonde, kapena ma radish, anyezi kapena zitsamba. Gawo lachitatu limasungidwa mbewu zomwe zimatha kubala mbewu yabwino panthaka yosauka. Pano iwo amabzala: turnips, kaloti, beets, parsley. Mbatata zimabzalidwa mbali yomaliza ya mundawo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wakunyanja (manyowa kapena manyowa ndi phulusa) pachitsime chilichonse.
Mukakolola, ndikofunika kubzala mabedi osabereka ndi mbewu za siderat, zomwe ndibwino kuposa feteleza aliyense zimachulukitsa chonde munthaka
Nyengo yotsatira, mbewu zomwe zidamera pachiwonetsero choyamba, zoyenda mozungulira mozungulira, "kusunthira" mpaka wachinayi, kuyambira wachiwiri mpaka woyamba, kuyambira wachitatu mpaka wachiwiri, ndi zina.
Mukakonza dongosolo lotembenuza mbewu, iyeneranso kuganizira magawo a mizu yazomera komanso kukula kwa kulowa kwake mu dothi. Chifukwa cha izi, michere imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana kuchokera kudothi losiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo: nkhaka, anyezi ndi kabichi zitha kudyetsedwa kuchokera ku dothi losakhwima, mizu ya phwetekere imamira ndikuzama pang'ono kuposa mita, ndi chimanga - mpaka mamita awiri.
Kudziwa mawonekedwe a chikhalidwe chilichonse komanso kuphatikiza kopambana pakati pawo, simungathe kukwaniritsa zokolola zambiri, komanso kuteteza mbewu ku matenda ambiri.
