Reproduction gloxinia: phunziro losangalatsa kunyumba

Zomera zamaluwa nthawi zonse zimayamikiridwa ndi alimi a maluwa ndipo ndi alendo omwe amawakonda m'nyumba zathu. Kukongola kwawo kumasangalatsa diso, kumapereka mawonekedwe apadera kunyumba ndikupanga kuphatikizana. Kwenikweni, izi ndi zotentha zomwe zimatha kuphunziridwa nafe mosavuta. Iwo modabwitsa komanso osavuta kubereka. Mwachitsanzo, zachilendo gloxinia.

Kufotokozera kwa Gloxinia

Gloxinia ndi mlendo wakummwera, adafika pazenera zathu zaku Brazil. Kukongola uku ndi kwa mtundu wa Gesneriaceae, ku mbewu zazikuluzikulu.

Duwa limakhala losasamala posamalira. Gloxinia ndi yojambula kwambiri, koma salola dzuwa mwachindunji, zomwe zingayambitse kuyaka, ndipo kuthilira ndi madzi ofunda ndi otayirira, nthaka yopepuka ndiyamika. Thirani duwa ndi madzi okhazikika, osagwera pakati pa tuber ndi axel masamba. Kuthina kwamadzi sikuyenera kuloledwa.

Gloxinia iyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula zoyipa kuti zisawoneke matenda osafunikira a maluwa.

Gloxinia imamasula kuyambira pakati pa Marichi mpaka Okutobala. Kutsatira nthawi iyi kumabweretsa mtendere. Ndipamene mbewu imayamba kuthira masamba ake, omwe amasandulika chikasu, kenako nkuuma ndikugwa. Mutha kusiya tuber pansi ndikuyika mbewuyo pamalo ozizira (+12 ° C), malo amdima (osapeza kuwala), kunyowetsa dothi pang'ono pamwezi. Ndizololedwa kuchotsa tuber ndikuyiyika mu utuchi, sungani kutentha pa 8-13 ° C.

Impso zikangowonekera, tuber timatsukidwa m'madzi oyenda, kuyesedwa kuti pakhale matenda, ngati kuli koyenera, kuthandizidwa ndi fung fung, youma pafupifupi ola limodzi ndikuwoka mu gawo lokonzekera. Nthaka yoyenera ya violets, isanafike.

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Kukongola - Gloxinia

Mphukira zazing'ono za gloxinia, zomwe zimapezeka miyezi ingapo yapitayo pobereka, sizitumizidwa kuti zipumule - amakakamizidwa kuti azikhala ndi mphamvu ndikukula ma tubers.

Chidebe cha maluwa chizikhala chosazama komanso chotalika, popeza mizu ya gloxinia ndiyapamwamba. Tisaiwale za kutalika kwa mitsinje ya 2-3 cm.

Zomera zokongola izi zimaberekanso modabwitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maluwa atsopano.

Momwe mungafalitsire bwino ndikubzala gloxinia kunyumba

Pali njira zingapo zobereketsera gloxinia, iliyonse yomwe ndiyoyenera kuyigwiritsa ntchito kutengera ndi duwa lake komanso kupezeka kwa nthawi yomwe amakonzekera kupeza mbewu zazing'ono.

Kufalikira kwa masamba odulidwa

Zinthu zofalitsa za gloxinia zimatengedwa panthawi yopanga masamba. Izi zikhale ndi masamba akulu, athanzi, obiriwira, kutalika kwa phesi lomwe limakhala pafupifupi 3 cm.

Njira yoyamba

1. Tsamba limadulidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa ndikuyika galasi ndi madzi okhazikika pamtunda wofunda.
   

   Pepala la amayi limamizidwa mu kapu yamadzi mpaka mizu yake itawonekera.

2. Masamba amapereka mizu pafupifupi milungu itatu.
   

   Masamba okhala ndi mizu obzalidwa m'nthaka yopitilira kukula kwa mbeu.
3. Kenako tsamba limabzalidwa piritsi la peat kapena mu mbale yaying'ono yokhala ndi dothi lokonzekera, ngati mbewu zachikulire, zothiriridwa madzi, kuphimba beseni ndi thumba la pulasitiki ndikuyika pamalo owala kwambiri, koma osayatsidwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa. Kuwongolera ndi kuthirira maluwa sikofunikira.
   

   Nyumba yobiriwira miniyo imayikidwa pamalo otentha, owala ndipo samatsegulidwa kufikira mphukira zazing'ono zitawonekera.

4. Pakadutsa mwezi umodzi ndi theka mpaka awiri kuchokera pa tsamba la amayi, makanda adzatuluka. Cellophane imachotsedwa, ndipo ana adalekanitsidwa, ndikukhala m'miphika yosiyana.
   

   Mphukira zazing'onoting'ono za gloxinia zimatha kuphuka patatha miyezi 10 kuchokera ku mawonekedwe awo

Ngakhale ana atakhala kuti alibe ma bowo, ayenera kuwabzala m'mbale zodyera: pakapita nthawi azika mizu, timizu tawo tidzaoneka.

Nthawi zina maonekedwe a mwana wamkazi akuyenera kudikira kwanthawi yayitali. Kodi chifukwa chake sichikudziwika. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, ndikofunikira kutsina pepalalo kuti masentimita awiri atsala kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba.

Njira yachiwiri

Uwu ndi mtundu wosavuta wa njira yoyamba. Tsamba lodulidwa limayikidwa nthawi yomweyo chikho ndi dothi lopangidwa kale, lonyowa. Chidebechi chimakutidwa ndi cellophane ndikuyika malo owala kwambiri, otentha kwambiri, otetezedwa ku malo osungidwa. Pakapita kanthawi, tsamba limazika mizu, kenako ana nkuwonekera.

Tsamba la gloxinia limakhazikika m'nthaka popanda kuzika kale.

Kugawika kwa masamba

Kukula ndi thanzi lamtsogolo la masamba a matala amayi amakulolani kuti mukhale ndi ana mwakugawana tsamba lonse.

1. Gawo lirilonse limabzalidwa mu chidebe chosiyana ndi dothi lonyowa, cellophane imayikidwa pamwamba, mbale imayikidwa pamalo owala.
   

   Gawo lililonse la tsamba la gloxinia limatha kupatsa mphukira yachinyamata yabwinobwino.

2. Zomera sizifunikira kuthirira komanso mpweya wabwino. Ana amapangidwa kuchokera ku mtsempha wokulirapo kwambiri pakatha miyezi iwiri. Pambuyo pake, chophimba chimayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo chomera chaching'ono chizithiriridwa madzi. Masamba a mayi omwe amatha nthawi ikatha ayenera kuchotsedwa.
   

   Zithunzi zojambulidwa: kufalikira kwa gloxinia ndi chidutswa cha masamba

   

   Ana amawonekera patatha pafupifupi miyezi iwiri

   

   Magawo a masamba omwe amakula bwino amapezeka pamapiritsi okhala ndi peat

   

   Zidutswa za tsamba la gloxinia zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo m'miyeso yokakidwa ndikukutidwa ndi filimu

Kanema: Malangizo pakukula kwa gloxinia pogwiritsa ntchito masamba odulidwa komanso (kapena) zidutswa

Kufalitsa mbewu

Ndikosavuta kukula gloxinia kuchokera ku mbewu, kutsatira malangizo ena. Kufesa zinthu zitha kupezeka palokha, kupukutira maluwa maluwa anu, kapena kugulitsidwa m'sitolo (makamaka maluwa okongola).

Momwe mungapangire mungu wa gluxinia ndikupeza mbewu kunyumba

Mwa njirayi, ndibwino kuti mutenge maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mungu wa chomera chimodzi mungu umayendetsa tinthu tina. Posachedwa, pestle idzazimiririka, gloxinia idzazirala, bokosi la mbewu lipsa mkati mwa masabata 7-8. Kenako idzatsegulidwa. Pakadali pano, bokosilo limadulidwa ndikuyika chidebe ndi m'mphepete lotseguka kuti lipse. Mbeu zokonzeka za gloxinia ndi zofiirira.

Kanema: Kupukutidwa kwa gloxinia kunyumba ndi kutolera mbewu

Zithunzi Zojambula: Kupukutira ndi kusasitsa kwa mbewu za gloxinia

Kubzala, kumapeto kwa February - chiyambi cha Marichi, pamene maola masana amawonjezeka mofulumira, ndi koyenera. Idzatenga mini-hotbed kapena mulifupi, osaya mphamvu, cellophane, dothi lopangidwa kale ndi zokolola zamaluwa (kuwala). Kuti mupeze mphukira wathanzi, muyenera kuchita izi:

1. Nthaka imakonzedwa kale ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate pofuna kuteteza mbewu, kenako - mphukira zazing'ono.
   

   Asanafesere, dothi limathandizidwa ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
2. Mbewu zimagaidwa bwino lomwe munthaka yonse.
3. Ndiye chivundikiro chobiriwira chimatsekedwa mwamphamvu kapena cellophane imayikidwa pamwamba. Mbale imayikidwa m'malo otentha.
4. Pakatha pafupifupi sabata ndi theka mphukira zidzawonekera. Mutha kutsegula malo obiriwira, ndikukonzanso m'malo owala kwambiri. Pewani dzuwa kuti musayake ndi kufa kwa mbande zazing'ono.
   

   Mphukira imawonekera limodzi mu theka - masabata awiri mutabzala

5. Pakatha mwezi ndi theka zitamera mbande, iwo amatenga, mosamalitsa mbuto zosalimba kuti zigwirizane ndi magalasi osaya.
   

   Zomera zotsogola zimamva bwino m'malo otentha, owala kwambiri.

Kanema: gloxinia wamkulu kuchokera kumbewu

Kufalitsa kwa Peduncle

Zimachitika chimodzimodzi ndi njira zomwe tafotokozazi.

1. Ndi tsamba lakuthwa, duwa la maluwa pafupifupi masentimita anayi limadulidwa kuchokera ku chomera chosazirala ndikamizidwa mu kapu yodzazidwa ndi madzi ndi 1 cm yokha.
   

   Peduncle gloxinia imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa maluwa

2. Mizu ikawonekera, mbewuzo zimasinthidwa kukhala chidebe chokhala ndi gawo lapansi lopangidwa kale, yokutidwa ndi filimu ndikuyiyatsidwa. Ana owonekera (pafupifupi mwezi umodzi pambuyo pake) amakhala m'malo osiyana.
   

   Makanda oyembekezera amayenda mwezi umodzi atatha kuzika mizu

Kufalitsa kwa Tuber

Iyi mwina ndiyo njira yoopsa kwambiri yoberekera gloxinia. Kusuntha kamodzi kolakwika, ndipo mutha kutaya mbewu yonse.

Ndondomeko ikuchitika pambuyo pakupumula, pokhapokha impso zimawonekera pa tuber.

1. Ndikupanga mpeni wakuthwa, womwe m'mbuyomu utatulutsidwa ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, timabowo timadula kuti gawo limodzi lakula.
   

   Gawo la Gloxinia tuber limachitika pamene impso zimawonekera

2. Magawo amapanikizika ndi kaboni yophwanyika ndikuyika m'makapu owoneka bwino ndi dothi lokonzekera, yoyikidwa m'malo owala kwambiri ndikuwunikira mawonekedwe a mizu ndi gawo la nodule. Ndi bwino kuthilira pansi poto. Ndikofunikira kuopa kukokomeza nthaka: tuber - magawano amatha kuvunda mwachangu.
   

   Tuber - gawoli libzalidwe mbale kapena chikho

3. Zomera zazing'ono amazika pambuyo pake mizu ikunyowetsa dothi lonse m'magalasi.
   

   Cholinga cha tuber kumuika - mizu yoluka mtanda wonse

Kanema: gawo la gloxinia tuber

Mavuto omwe anakumana nawo pakubala kwa gloxinia

Koma nthawi zina ngakhale imakhala yosasangalatsa kwambiri yomwe ingafalitsidwe: chiberekero chimafota, miyendo ndi mizu yoola. Pali chifukwa nthawi zonse.

Chomwe chimayesa kulephera kubala gloxinia chagona mu kulephera kutsatira malamulo osavuta.

1. Phula kapena tsamba silidadulidwe ndi chida chosawoneka, koma adangodula pachomera. Palibe chifukwa muyenera kuchita izi! Pukuta tsamba ndi yankho la mowa.
2. Kuwongolera dzuwa. Zimavulaza gloxinia, zimayambitsa kutentha pamasamba. Kuyambira maola 11 mpaka 16 tsiku lililonse chomera chimayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi nsalu yowonekera (makatani).
3. Dothi lolemera. Gawo lokhala ndi maluwawo liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lopepuka, lodutsa madzi ndi mpweya (dothi lokonzekera bwino la violets ndi labwino). Ndikofunikira kusintha nthaka.
4. Palibe ngalande. Mphindi ino siziyenera kusiyidwa. Ndi ngalande yomwe imathandizira kuchotsa chinyezi chambiri, poteteza kutulutsa kwamizu. Ndikofunikira kusinthira mbewu kuti ikhale gawo limodzi ndi vermiculite.
5. Kuchuluka chinyezi. Onetsetsani kuti mwasinthasintha njira zothirira, malingana ndi malingaliro, kuti musatsetsere madzi mu mbale.
6. Kupanda kuwala. Konzaninso chomera pamalo owoneka bwino, nyengo yachisanu, perekani zowonjezera mothandizidwa ndi nyali.
7. Kutentha kwambiri kapena kutentha kwambiri. Mulingo woyenera: 23-25 ​​° C. Onjezani kutentha kwa mpweya.
8. Nthaka yopanda kuyeretsa yomwe imachokera mumsewu (malo obiriwira), omwe amatha kupatsirana kapena kuwononga tizirombo. Ingogwiritsani ntchito primer yapadera yomwe idagulidwa pasitolo. Nthaka yodulidwa iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso fungicides malinga ndi malangizo.
9. The tuber amagawidwa molakwika kapena kachilombo. Ndi njira yobereka iyi, muyenera kutsatira mosamala malangizowo.

Momwe mungapulumutsire ana zomera ndi ma tubers

1. Tsamba la amayi, chidutswa chake kapena chovunda chimavunda kapena chafa. Tsoka ilo, palibe njira yopulumutsira. Ndikofunikira kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa pamwambapa ndikutenga zatsopano pakufalikira kwa duwa.
2. Mphukira zazing'ono zimafota. Yenderani. Ngati mafupa ali ndi thanzi, pamakhala mizu, ndiye kuti mumawachotsa mu chidebe china, pomwe kale adatulutsa dothi ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ngati gawo la pansi panthaka lawola, dulani malo owola ndi tsamba lakuthwa (pomwe malo owonongeka ali ochepa), ufa ndi makala okhazikika ndi chomera mu gawo latsopanolo. Ndi kuzungulira kwakukulu kwa tsinde ndi mizu, mphukira yachichepere ndiyoyenera kutaya.
3. Mbewu sizimera. Nthawi zonse muyenera kuwongolera masiku omwe mbewu zake zatha, ndipo mukadzala, simungathe kudzaza njere ndi nthaka!
4. Tubers ndi divider kuvunda. Muyenera kulandira tuber kuchokera pansi, kuyendera. Dulani madera owola ndi tsamba lakuthwa ngati la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndibwino kuchiza mabalawo ndi var var ya m'munda. Ngati nkhungu imawonedwa pa tuber, muzitsuka m'madzi othamanga ndikuyika kwa maola awiri yankho la fungicide iliyonse (kuchepetsa malangizowo malinga ndi malangizo). Kenako, lowani kwa ola limodzi, mudzala mu osakaniza dothi latsopano.

Gloxinia ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yachilendo ya maluwa omwe ali ndi zofunikira zochepa kukonza ndikuwapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kupeza ana okongola atsopano, akumangotsatira malamulo osavuta ndi malingaliro.