Kodi mango umakula bwanji? Funsoli mwina lidafunsidwa ndi aliyense yemwe anayesera chipatso chokoma cha nthawi yoyamba. Chomera chokhala ndi zipatso zamtundu - malalanje kapena ofiira, onunkhira komanso owutsa mudyo, otsekemera-okoma mkatimu komanso owoneka ofiira kunja - kodi ndi mtengo kapena chitsamba? Kodi ndi mayiko ati omwe zipatso zimaperekedwa kumisika yayikulu? Ndipo kodi ndizotheka kukulitsa zipatso za mitengo yopanda zipatso - nthanga za zipatso za mango - kunyumba?
Mango - chomera ndi zipatso zokongoletsera
Mango, kapena mangifera, amalimidwa ngati mbewu yazomera komanso yokongoletsera. Mitengo yobiriwira ya Mangifera indica (Indian Mango) ndi a banja la Sumakhovy (Anacardium). Amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda (kapena ndi utoto wofiira) ndipo amakula mpaka kukula kwakukulu. Koma kudulira koyenera komanso pafupipafupi kumatha kukhala kopindulitsa.
Mtengo wamango womwe umayenda maluwa ndi chinthu chosaiwalika. Imasanjidwa ndi ma inflorescences akuluakulu a pinki-panicles omwe amatulutsa fungo lapadera. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imadzala osati chifukwa chongofuna kupeza zipatso, komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe (pokongoletsa mapaki, mabwalo, ziwembu zanu, malo obiriwira achinsinsi, malo osungira, etc.). Komabe, cholinga chake chachikulu pakukutumiza maiko ena kunja, ndichochita zaulimi.
Momwemo limamera mango obiriwira (aku Philippines)
Maiko ndi zigawo za kukula
Mangifera amachokera m'malo otentha a Assam ku India komanso nkhalango zaku Myanmar. Amawonedwa ngati chuma chamayiko pakati pa amwenye komanso ku Pakistan. Amalimidwa ku Asia otentha, kumadzulo kwa Malaysia, ku Solomon Islands komanso kum'mawa kwa Malay Archipelago, ku California (USA) ndi Australia otentha, ku Cuba ndi Bali, Canaries ndi Philippines.
India amadziwika kuti ndiogulitsa kwambiri mango padziko lapansi - chaka chilichonse amapereka msika ndi zipatso zopitilira matani miliyoni ndi theka za zipatsozi. Mango limalimidwa ku Europe - ku Canary Islands ndi Spain. Zabwino kwa mbewuyo - nyengo yotentha yopanda mvula yambiri. Ngakhale kuti pamashelefu akuluakulu masitolo akuluakulu mungapeze juisi ya mango yochokera ku Armenia, mitengo ya mgwalangwa ku Armenia siimakula.
Mutha kukumana naye:
- ku Thailand - nyengo yakudzikoli ndi yabwino kwambiri kuzomera zotentha, nyengo yokolola mango ndiyambira pa Epulo mpaka Meyi, ndipo Thais amakonda kusangalala ndi zipatso zakupsa;
- ku Indonesia, komanso ku Bali, nthawi yokolola mango ndi nthawi yophukira-yozizira, kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Januwale;
- ku Vietnam - nyengo yachisanu-yozizira, kuyambira Januware mpaka Marichi;
- ku Turkey - mangifer siofala kwambiri, koma atakula, ndipo amapsa pakati kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe;
- ku Egypt - mango akucha kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, Juni, mpaka kugwa, mpaka Seputembala, amatumizidwa ngakhale kumayiko ena;
- Ku Russia - kumwera kwa Stavropol ndi ku Krasnodar Territory (Sochi), koma monga chomera chokongoletsera (limamasula mu Meyi, ndikubereka zipatso kumapeto kwa chilimwe).
Zipatso za mango aku India pamtengo
Mitundu ili ndi mitundu yopitilira 300, mitundu ina idalimidwa zaka masauzande angapo zapitazo. M'mayiko otentha, mutha kuyesa mangoes Alfonso, Bauno, Quini, Pajang, Blanco, kununkhira, mabotolo ndi ena, ku Russia, mango a India okhala ndi mbiya yofiyira, ndipo mapau aku South Asia (Philippines) ndi obiriwira.
Mangiferi amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuzizira, ndichifukwa chake m'malo amtambo amatha kubzala muzipinda zamkati - minda yozizira, malo obiriwira, greenhouse. Mitengo imafunikira kuunika kwambiri, koma safuna nthaka yabwino.
Pamtengo wachichepere, ngakhale kutsika kwakanthawi kochepa kwa kutentha kwa pansi pamunsi kuphatikiza madigiri Celsius kumasokoneza maluwa ndipo zipatso zake zidzafa. Mango akuluakulu amatha kupirira nthawi yayitali yozizira.
Vidiyo: Mango amakula bwanji
Mtengo wokhalitsa
Mitengo yamango yamchenga yokhala ndi korona yozungulira yotalika imakula mpaka mamita makumi awiri kapena kuposerapo, imakula msanga (ngati itakhala ndi kutentha ndi kuwala kokwanira, komanso chinyezi sichili kwambiri) ndipo imakhala nthawi yayitali - kuli zitsanzo zofananira zaka mazana atatu mdziko lapansi zomwe ngakhale zili zaka zotamandika motero kubala zipatso. Kupezeka kwamadzi ndi michere yofunikira m'nthaka kuzinthu izi zimaperekedwa ndi mizu yayitali (pivotal), yomwe imakula mobisa pansi pa kuya kwa mamita asanu mpaka asanu ndi atatu, kapena mpaka mita isanu ndi inayi.
Mango ndi mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse komanso yosasinthika, mitengo yokongola kwambiri. Amakongoletsa chaka chonse. Masamba a mango okhwima ndi obowola, obiriwira pamtunda pamwamba, komanso opepuka pansi, okhala ndi maonekedwe owoneka bwino, amtali komanso onyezimira. Masamba achichepere a mphukira ali ndi mtundu wofiirira. Ma inflorescence ndi ofanana ndi mantha - piramidi - amakhala mpaka zikulu ziwiri, zachinki kapena zamtambo, ndipo nthawi zina maluwa ofiira. Koma ochepa okha mwaiwo (awiri kapena atatu pa inflorescence) omwe amapukutidwa mungu ndipo amabala zipatso. Pali mitundu yomwe sikufuna kupukutidwa konse.
Kubzala kwa Pyramidal kwa Mango
Mu malo omwe chinyezi chimachulukitsidwa, ndi mpweya wambiri, mbewa sizimabala. Zipatso sizimamangidwa ngakhale kutentha kwa mpweya (kuphatikiza usiku) kumatsika kuphatikiza madigiri khumi ndi awiri. Mitengo ya mango imayamba kuphuka ndi kubala zipatso zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mutabzala. Momwe mumakhalira wowonjezera kutentha kapena kunyumba, mutha kuwona maluwa ndi zipatso za kanjere pokhapokha mbewu zikagulidwa kumtengowo kapena kubzalira zokha. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, samalani magawo ofunikira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, amasamalira bwino komanso chepetsa.
M'mayiko omwe mitengo ya kanjedza imamera, imapanga nkhalango zonse za mango ndipo imatengedwa ngati mbewu, monga tirigu kapena chimanga. Pansi pa zinthu zachilengedwe (kuthengo) chomera chimatha kutalika mikono makumi atatu, chitakhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka mita eyiti, masamba ake lanceolate amakula mpaka masentimita 40 kutalika. Zipatso pambuyo pa kupukusa kwa maluwa zipse mkati mwa miyezi itatu.
Mu nyengo yolimidwa yokha yomwe mbewu za mango zimatha kupezeka, mitengo yamango yamitengo imabala zipatso kamodzi pachaka.
Chifukwa chake maluwa amanjam'mimba
Zipatso za mango
Maonekedwe achilendo a mitengo ya mangifers nthawi zonse amakopa chidwi cha alendo omwe amabwera kudzaona malo otentha koyamba. Zipatso zake zimacha nthawi yayitali (pafupifupi masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi) - zopanikizika zakale - ziwiri kapena kupitirira chilichonse, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owumbika (ovunda, ovate, wothinikizidwa), mpaka masentimita makumi awiri ndi awiri kutalika ndi pafupi magalamu mazana asanu ndi awiri lirilonse.
Peel ya zipatso - glossy, ngati sera - imakhala utoto kutengera mtundu wa mbewuyo ndi kukula kwa chipatsocho - mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yachikasu, lalanje, yofiyira, yobiriwira. Zotsatira zamaluwa zimawonekera kumapeto kwa chipatso. Peel imatengedwa kuti ndi yosatheka, chifukwa imakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa thupi.
Amwenye ndi aku Asia amagwiritsa ntchito mango mankhwala akunyumba - amatengedwa kuti ndi mankhwala othandiza kuti asiye kutuluka magazi, amalimbitsa minofu yamtima ndikuwongolera zochitika muubongo. Mango osankhidwa kucha ali ndi chonyezimira, popanda mawanga ndi mikwingwirima (mtundu wa peelwo umatengera mitundu), mnofu wawo suli wolimba, komanso osati wofewa kwambiri, wowutsa mudyo, onunkhira, wopangidwa ndi fibrous. Zipatso zosapsa za mango zimatha kukulungidwa mu pepala la opaque lakuda ndikuyika malo otentha. Pakatha pafupifupi sabata limodzi, imacha ndipo imakhala yokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ku India, mbewa zimadyedwa pamtundu uliwonse wokhwima. Zipatso zimatsukidwa bwino, ndikulekanitsidwa ndi mpeni kuchokera pafupa, kusendedwa ndikudula pakati. Kapenanso amadula theka la zipatsozo kukhala ma cubes pa peel yomweyo.
Zipatso za mango zimadulidwa mu ma cubes kapena magawo.
M'banja lathu aliyense amakonda mango. Timachidya mwatsopano kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zamkati mwa zipatso limodzi ndi zipatso zina kuti mupange mavitamini kapena ma smoothie, soufflés, mousses, puddings, katundu ophikidwa kunyumba. Zili chokoma kwambiri. M'maladi a mango, zimayenda bwino ndi zakudya zam'madzi ndi bere la nkhuku. Koma sindinachite bwino kumera mtengo, koma ndidayesetsa kangapo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pa mayendedwe zipatso zotentha sizimapsa kwathunthu, ndipo njerezo zimamera nthawi zonse.
Kodi mango amakoma bwanji
Mwina kukoma kwa mango sikungafanane ndi kwina - ndikofunikira komanso mwapadera. Nthawi zina zonunkhira, zowutsa mudyo, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi acidity yosangalatsa komanso yotsitsimula. Zonse zimatengera kukula kwa chipatso, mitundu, dera la kukula. Mwachitsanzo, mu mangoes aku Thai pali fungo labwino. Kusasinthika kwa zamkati zazipatso zonse ndizopondera, zowoneka bwino, zokumbukira apurikoti, koma ndi kukhalapo kwa ulusi wazomera zolimba. Chopepuka cha mango, mnofu wazipatso udzakhala wabwino.
Mango a mango, ngati agwera mwangozi zovala, sanatsukidwe. Fupa kuchokera pa zamkati limasiyanitsidwa bwino. Timbulu amateteza mbeu za mbewu (mbewu mkati mwa chipatso) kuti zisawonongeke. Muli shuga (wambiri kucha), wowuma ndi pectin (wambiri wobiriwira), mavitamini ndi michere, ma organic acid ndi zothandiza zina.
Mango osapsa ali ndi vitamini C wambiri, amakoma wowawasa. Ma mango opsa ndiwotsekemera, popeza ali ndi shuga wambiri (mpaka makumi awiri peresenti), ndi ma asidi ochepa (theka la peresenti).
Mangifera kunyumba
Mango ngati chomera chokongoletsera chitha kulimidwa mnyumba kapena mu nyumba, koma osati m'nyumba kapena kanyumba kanyengo (ngati malowo siali m'dera lotentha kapena lotentha). Pazoweta zapakhomo pezani mitundu ya mango. Mitengo yamango imaphukanso kuchokera kufupa la zipatso zomwe zidagulidwa. Koma chipatsocho chimayenera kukhala chokhwima.
Mbeu zazing'ono zamango
Mangifera amafalitsa pofesa mbewu, ndi ma vaccinici, komanso mwa zipatso. Chomera chosagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba sichikhala chotulutsa komanso kubala zipatso, koma popanda icho chimawoneka chosangalatsa kwambiri. Mwachilungamo, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti mbande zamezanitsidwa sizimabala zipatso nthawi zonse, wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha.
Ma mango agwada amamera mwanjira zamitengo yaying'ono mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka mpaka mamita awiri. Ngati mumabzala mbeu wamba, ndiye kuti zingafunike kupanga kudulira korona nthawi zonse. M'malo abwino, mbewa zimakula kwambiri, motero, zimafunikira kuziika mumphika waukulu kamodzi pachaka, ndikudulira kangapo pachaka.
Munthawi yakukula kwambiri, ndikofunikira kumiza manyowa, popanda kuthira manyowa ndi kuwunikira lokwanira kwa mango kunyumba kumamera ndi timitengo tating'ono komanso masamba ang'onoang'ono. M'chilimwe, korona wa mtengo wamango amayenera kuwaza. Ndipo nthawi yozizira, ikani mangati pafupi ndi gwero lamoto.
Kanema: momwe mungakulire mango kuchokera ku mwala kunyumba
Mango ndi mtengo wotentha womwe umabala zipatso zokoma, zobiriwira, zonunkhira bwino. Amamera m'mayiko otentha, osakhala kwambiri chinyezi, salekerera nyengo yozizira. Mangifera amadzalanso ngati chomera chokongoletsera kunyumba, koma samakonda kuphuka ndipo amabala zipatso - mitengo yolumikizidwa yokha, ndipo ikulingana ndi nyengo zofunikira.
