Chikhalidwe chilichonse cha zipatso ndi mabulosi chimakhala ndi masiku ake obzala omwe amayenera kuchitika. Pokhapokha ngati izi, mmera udzuza mizu ndikukula. Kubzala peyala ndi kotheka mu nthawi ya masika ndi nthawi yophukira, koma nyengo ya nyengo yomwe mbewuyi imayenera kubzalidwa iyenera kukumbukiridwa.
Mukadzala peyala
Mutapanga lingaliro lakulima mapeyala m'munda mwanu, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungabzala mbande molondola, komanso kuganizira nthawi yoyenera kuchita izi. Ngati wamaluwa odziwa bwino ntchito akuwongoleredwa ndi nthawi yobzala, ndiye kuti kwa oyamba funso ili likhoza kukhala vuto. Musanaganize nthawi yakamatera, muyenera kuganizira kuti nyengo youma komanso yotentha ndiyabwino kwambiri pakukhazikitsa chikhalidwe. Kututa kwa mapeyala kungayembekezeredwe kumadera omwe kumatentha kwambiri komanso nyengo yozizira, koma osasinthasintha mwamphamvu kutentha. Mwambiri, mbande zimabzalidwe zonse mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira.
Peyala ikhoza kubzalidwa nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira, poganizira za dera lodzala
Chapakatikati
Kubzala masika kwa peyala kumachitika, monga lamulo, poganizira nyengo zomwe zili m'derali. Kum'mwera kwa dzikolo, alimi amabzala zonse mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira. Ngakhale wamaluwa ena amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yophukira imapindulitsa kwambiri, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri kuzika mizu mu nthawi yotentha. Kumpoto kwa dzikolo, kasupe amasankhidwanso, apo ayi mtengo ungangofa chifukwa cha chisanu. Pakati panjira, peyala ikhoza kubzala kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso yophukira.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zakubzala masika ndichakuti simuyenera kudandaula za frog zotheka. M'nyengo yotentha ndi nthawi yophukira, mtengo umalimba ndipo kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira kumayenda bwino. Mu nthawi yamasika, ndibwino kubzala mbewu kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Ambiri akuwongoleredwa kumapeto kwa Epulo. Chizindikiro choti ikamatera ndi nthawi pomwe nyengo iri yotentha (osaposa +15˚C) ndi madontho otentha sananenedweratu. Ndikofunika kuchita njirayi musanayambe kutuluka kwa impso ndi kukhazikika kwa impso. Kuyambira pamenepo wamaluwa amakonda kubzala mbande za mitengo yazipatso mu nthawi ya masika, popeza kuthekera kwa kufa kwa mbewu nthawi imeneyi ndikochepa.
Kubzala peyala m'chaka kumachitika isanayambike kuyamwa kwamaso ndi masamba otseguka
Wagwa
Kubzala tinthu tating'onoting'ono pamtunduwu kuli ndi zabwino zotsatirazi:
- mizu yake imapangidwa bwino ndikukonzekera kubzala;
- dothi limatenthetsedwa bwino nthawi yachilimwe, yomwe imakhala yachilengedwe koposa mtengo;
- Zomera zanyengo sizilimbana ndi chisanu.
Palinso zovuta zina, chifukwa mtengowo udzafunika kupulumuka nthawi yozizira mukangobzala.
Ndikofunika kuchita njirayi mbewu ikagwetsa masamba.
Ponena za nthawi, zimadalira dera komanso nyengo yake. Chofunikira ndikuchigwira chisanu chisanadze: peyala iyenera kubzalidwe pamwezi mwezi kutentha usanayambe kugwa pansi pa ziro.
M'chilimwe
Kubzala kwa chilimwe, mbande zokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka (mumbale) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kubzala mbewu zoterezi kutha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse. Mitengo mumipanda imadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kupulumuka. Chachikulu ndichakuti mukabzala, chotsani mmera mosamala mu thankiyo kuti nthaka isakhumudwe. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo imatha kudwala kapena kufa konse.
Kubzala kwa chilimwe, mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe idakulitsidwa mumipanda
Tikufika masiku osiyanasiyana
Dera lililonse lili ndi masiku ake obzala, omwe akuyenera kutsatiridwa.
Njira yapakatikati
Pakati pa kanjira, peyala imabzalidwe nthawi zonse zamasika ndi nthawi yophukira. Ambiri wamaluwa amakonda yophukira, chifukwa panthawiyi mbewu zazikulu kwambiri zimaperekedwa. Masika ndioyeneranso kubzala chifukwa chazama kwambiri pamtunda. Madeti a kubzala peyala mu kasupe ali mu Epulo, mu nthawi yophukira - kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembala ndi Okutobala onse.
Siberia
Ku Siberia ndi Urals, peyala itha kubzalidwe mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira. Popeza chikhalidwe chimadzuka mochedwa, kupulumuka kudzakhala bwino. Mu nthawi yakubzala yophukira, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti muteteze mtengowo ku makoswe ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, mwachitsanzo, kuyesa matolo. Kubzala masika kumafunikira kukonza mosamalitsa, ndipo chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kuthirira, makamaka mpaka mmera utatengedwa.
Ku Siberia ndi Urals, peyala ikhoza kubzala kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso yophukira, koma ndikofunikira kuchita izi mchaka
Primorye
Mu Primorsky Territory, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala peyala kokha m'chaka, popeza nyengo za mderali zidzatsogolera kuti mmera nthawi yobzala yophukira ikhoza kuuma kwambiri komanso youma.
Madera a Kumpoto
M'madera akumpoto, mwachitsanzo, Leningrad, kubzala peyala kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Kubzala malonje chifukwa cha nyengo ya kuderali sikuyenera peyala.
Kanema: madeti obzala zipatso
Ndibwino kuti ndikasendeza peyala
Pakufunika kuti mutulutsire peyalayo kupita kumalo atsopano, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yanji kuti mufotokozere izi kuti mtengowo uzika mizu mwachangu. Kubzala kwachikhalidwe chofunsidwa kumatha kuchitika mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira.
Chapakatikati
Munthawi imeneyi, mitengo yaing'ono ya peyala imasulidwa. Kuti mudziwe nthawi yoyambira ntchito, muyenera kuwunika momwe mitengo ili. Chipale chofewa chikasungunuka, koma masamba ake sanatupe, ndi nthawi yoti ayambe kumuika, ndiye kuti kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Chapakatikati, mitengo yaying'ono ya peyala imasulidwa
Wagwa
Kuphatikizira kwamazira kumapereka chitukuko cha mizu. Chisanu chisanabwere, mtengowo umakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu, ndipo pofika masika, mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kukhazikika. Kusuntha mukugwa kumakuthandizani kuti muzitha kusintha zikhalidwe zatsopano ndikuyamba kukula. Ngati nthawi iyi idakhala yotentha komanso yayitali, mbewuzo pambuyo pake zimadzakhala matalala. Chifukwa chake, nthawi ya kusinthana imachitika kumapeto kwa Okutobala-Novembala. Kuzizira kusanachitike, mtengowo umakhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera.
M'nyengo yozizira
Ngati dera limadziwika ndi nyengo yofunda, ndiye kuti mitengo yayitali ya peyala ikhoza kuthandizidwa nthawi yozizira, popanda chipale chofewa komanso kutentha kwa pafupifupi 0 ° C. Poterepa, mmera umakumba ndi dothi lalikulu kuti nthaka isakhetse komanso kuti isawononge mizu. Poika nthawi yozizira (-10˚˚ ndi pansipa), mizu imatha kuwundana.
Kanema: ndikwabwino kuti ndikasendeza mbande
Kodi ndi mitengo iti yomwe ndiyofunika kuiika?
Ngati mukufunikira peyala, ndiye kuti pali mfundo imodzi yofunika kuiganizira: ukamakula kwambiri mtengowo, kumakhala koyipa kwambiri ndikulolera njirayi. Zabwino koposa zonse, kusintha kwa malo okukula kumanyamulidwa ndi mitengo pazaka 2-3. Zotsatira zabwino pakupulumuka zimawonetsedwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba. Mitengo yotere imatha kubwezeretsa mizu, yomwe imayikidwa pamlingo wa genetics.
Masamba a masamba - mbewu yam'munda, yomwe imapezeka pofalitsa ndikudula kapena kudula.
Mapeyala achichepere azaka zapakati pa 2-3 ndi oyenera kumuwonjezera.
Mtengo wachikulire womwe uli ndi zaka zopitilira 15 sungathe kudulidwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti mizu ya mbewuyi ndi yayikulu ndipo ikakumba, yambiri imatha kuwonongeka. Mizu yotsala sangathe kupatsa mtengowo chakudya choyenera. Musanapitirize ndi kumuyika, muyenera kuyang'ana mtengo wa matenda. Mmera wabwino wa peyala uyenera kusinthika, kukhala ndi nthambi zotuwa komanso thunthu, lokhala ndi makungwa athanzi popanda mawanga ndi kuwonongeka. Ngati madera omwe ali ndi matenda atapezeka, amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Ngakhale kuti peyala ndi mbewu yokonda kutentha, mutatenga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikubzala nthawi, mutha kumera mtengo wabwino komanso wamphamvu. Malingaliro a wamaluwa okhudza nthawi yobzala akusiyana, koma kutsatira zomwe zafotokozedwazo, zimakhala zosavuta kusankha.
