Mng'oma ndi imodzi mwa adani oopsa kwambiri komanso odana ndi wamaluwa. Nkhupakupa zimapulumuka nthawi zambiri zotentha, zowuma, zosasangalatsa ndi zina zowononga. Pasanapite nthawi, minda iliyonse yamaluwa inadutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa. Talingalirani chifukwa chake zigawenga za akangaude ndizoopsa komanso zosasangalatsa zomwe zimachita ndi zomera zathu, ndi mtundu wanji wa tiziromboti ndi momwe tingamenyane nawo.
Kangaude mite: zochitika zonse za tizilombo
Nkhumba zimatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe timapanga masamba a nyumba ndi mbewu zamasamba. Mitunduyi imapezeka paliponse. Nkhumba zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulimbana nazo. N'zosatheka kuwona tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mpaka kuwonongeka kwa masamba a chomeracho. Kutalika kwa mkazi kumangokhala 0.4-0.6 mm, wamphongo ndi wamng'ono. Mtundu wa nkhupakupa ndi wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira.
Tizilombo ngati tizilombo, maatodes, aphid, cockchafer, karoti ntchentche, anyezi ntchentche ndi nkhono zimakhudza kwambiri katundu wa zomera, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kufa.Nthata zazing'ono zisanu ndi chimodzi. Pambuyo pa nthawi ziwiri molting, nthata zimakula ndikupeza miyendo isanu ndi itatu. Kuyembekezera kwa moyo kwa akazi kumakhala masiku asanu kapena asanu. Pa kutentha kwa 25-30 ° C, chitukuko chonse cha munthu wamkulu chingatengere masiku angapo 7-8. Pamene kutentha kumachepa, njirayi ikhoza kuchepa, imatha kutenga masabata anai kuti amalize.
Mukudziwa? Kangaude si tizilombo. Iwo amadziwika ngati gulu la arachnid, wachibale wa akangaude ndi zinkhanira. Mbali yaikulu yomwe imasiyanitsa nthata ku tizilombo ndi nambala ya miyendo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ndi mapaundi atatu, nkhupakupa zili ndi magawo anayi.
Nkhumba za kangaude nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kumbuyo kwa tsamba la masamba, kumene zimayamwa zomera ndi kupanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono. Masamba owonongeka ayamba kuwonongeka. Amawoneka owuma, ofooka ndi otupa. Ngakhalenso kachilombo kaching'ono kamene kangakhudze kwambiri chitukuko cha zomera. Ndipo ndi kuukira kwakukulu, kuthekera kwa chomera cha kujambula ndi kudzichepetsa kumachepa. Masamba omwe ali ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatha kutuluka ndi utoto wochepa kwambiri, kutembenukira chikasu ndikugwa. Zomera zambiri zimakhala zofooka. 
Mukudziwa? Nkhumba zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa zingathe kuwononga chomera mwachangu. MicroscopicArazites akuukira mochuluka, ichi ndi chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa masamba. Pakati pa mbeu zowonongeka ndi nthata - zina zovuta kwambiri kuzilamulira, ndiye chifukwa chake mankhwala ophera tizilombo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mitundu ya akangaude ndi ndondomeko yawo
Pali mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa kangaude, ndipo zina zingakhale zofala m'deralo kusiyana ndi zina. Mitundu yambiri imayambitsa ziwalo za mkati ndi kunja.
Common Spider Mite
Mbalame wamba imatulutsa zomera m'nyengo yozizira. Kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo kumawonetseredwa mu tsamba la tsamba. Zingakhale zoyera, zachikasu kapena zobiriwira zofiirira. Lembani mazira omwe angapezeke pa tsamba la tsamba. Nthawi zina pamakhala masamba owopsa: amadula pakati pa mitsempha, youma ndi kugwa. Komanso, kuwonongeka koteroko kungakhudze kwambiri zokolola ndi khalidwe la zipatso.
Kenako, ganizirani momwe kangaude wamangaude amawoneka ngati. Kutalika kwa nkhuku wamkulu ndi 0.44-0.57 mm, thupi ndi lofiira, lowala kwambiri kapena lobiriwira. Thupi la mwamuna wachikulire ndi laling'ono kwambiri kuposa lachikazi, locheperapo ndipo liri ndi mtundu wachikasu. Pa kutentha kwa 22 ° C ndipo chakudya chokwanira chazimayi chimakhala masiku 21 mpaka 35. Mkazi mmodzi akhoza kuika mazira mazana angapo. M'chaka, akazi amatha kupita ku zomera zobiriwira ndikuyamba kuika mazira. Iwo ali ozungulira, ozungulira mu mawonekedwe.
Tizilombo timayambitsa zomera panthawi yokula. Ngati pali kuchepetsa kwakukulu kolima m'chilimwe kapena kuchiza zomera ndi herbicides, tizirombo tafuna zakudya zina. Mafinya amatha kukhazikika muzu wa mbewu. Zomwezo zimachitika ngati kulibe mphepo. Mdani uyu wa zomera ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kogawidwa. Makamaka, mu nyengo yotentha, tizilombo tizilombo timene timapanga mpaka mibadwo isanu ndi iwiri pa nyengo yokula. Choncho, kuwonongeka kumawonjezeka kwambiri ndipo kumawoneka mwamsanga.
M'mavuto otentha, kufalikira kwa wamba kumakhala mofulumira chifukwa cha mwayi wapamwamba wopulumuka kutentha. Zing'alu ndi zomangamanga za zomangamanga ndizo malo osungirako nyengo yachisanu kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri polimbana nazo. Chiwerengero cha nkhupakupa mu wowonjezera kutentha chimakula ndi maulendo oposa 50 (kuyambira 10 mpaka 15 mibadwo) mkati mwa masabata 2-4. Tizilombo timakonda zomera zotere: tsabola, biringanya, nkhaka, carnation, gerbera, ananyamuka, chrysanthemum, koma nthawi zambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhudza aliyense wokonda m'nyumba ficus. Ngati mwapeza webusaiti yonyezimira pamtengo wa ficus, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ndi chizindikiro choti chinachake chiyenera kuchitika.
Ndikofunikira! Nkhupakupa zimakhala zovuta kuziwona ndi maso. Kudziwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timafunikira galasi lokulitsa. Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa zamoyo zoterozo, mungathe kulankhulana ndi chithandizo chamtundu wanu kuchipatala kuti muthandizidwe.
Nkhumba yamatsenga
Nthata zamatsenga ndi zowononga komanso zosawerengeka. Mitundu iyi imasiyana ndi mamembala ena a m'banjamo chifukwa sichimawonekera pa intaneti. Kuonjezera apo, mthi wonyenga ndi wochepa kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina. Munthu wamkulu amakhala ndi thupi lofiira pafupifupi 0,25 mm m'litali ndi awiri awiri a miyendo yochepa kutsogolo ndi awiri awiri miyendo pafupi ndi mimba yopapatiza. Mazira ndi ofiira, ovali, amaikidwa osly pafupi ndi mitsempha yayikulu kumbuyo kwa tsamba. Nymph ndi ofanana ndi munthu wamkulu.
Adani aang'ono awa a zomera amayenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zina amawoneka kumbuyo kwa masamba. Amadyetsa masamba apamwamba ndi apansi, omwe amatsogolera ku imfa ya chomeracho. Mtedza uwu umakhudza zipatso za citrus, orchids, passionflora, papaya, rambutan, durian ndi mangosteen. Kutenga nthawi zambiri kumachitika nyengo yotentha, youma ndipo imayambitsa kupweteka ndi kutulutsa zipatso.
Mukudziwa? Kuwonongeka kwa zipatso za citrus ndi kangaude wabodza si zachilendo: nkhupakupa zimayambitsa matendawa omwe awonongeka kale ndi tizilombo tina.
Nkhumba zotchedwa Atlantic
Nthata za Atlantic (Tetranychus atlanticus) - mawonekedwe ofanana ndi wamba, wabodza ndi nkhuku ya Turkestan. Mtsinje wa Atlantic umatha kukhala ndi kuchulukitsa pamtambo wambiri wa mlengalenga ndi nthaka. Mtundu wa ng'ombe ndi wobiriwira. Kutalika kwa fanizo lachikazi ndi 0.43-0.45 mm; thupi lopaka thupi, lopindika. Amuna amadzimadzi amatchedwa hibernate m'munsi mwa zomera ndi madera ena amdima. Panthawiyi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timabereka mibadwo 5-6. Kutalika kwa mwamuna kuli pafupi 0.3 mm. Mazira ali ozungulira, kuwala.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasankha mitengo ya kanjedza ndi zipatso za citrus monga malo okhala. Nkhupaku zimapatsa zipatso, masamba, mabulosi, zomera ndi zokongoletsera. Mukamayambitsa nkhupakupa masamba, maonekedwe a chikasu amadziwika. Pang'onopang'ono mawanga amaphimba tsamba lonse, lomwe pamapeto pake limayambitsa kuyanika.
Mtsuko wamagazi wofiira
Nthata zamagazi (Tetranychus cinnabarinus) - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ogwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana: azalea, camellia, apulo, citrus, carnation. Koma kawirikawiri kangaude iyi imakhala pa cactus. Mfundoyi imafotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti zirombozi zimakonda malo owuma. Mitikiti imakula mofulumira mu chikhalidwe cha chilala ndi kusonyeza kukana kwa mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo. Adani ang'onoang'ono a zomera amamwa kuyamwa kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timapanga mawanga oyera pamwamba pake.
Pambuyo pa matendawa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chomeracho chimawonongeka mosalekeza. Masamba amatenga mawonekedwe osayenera. Pamphepete mwa mapepala a pepala amapezekanso phulusa. Kufufuza mosamala kumasonyeza kuti fumbili "limasunthira" ndipo ndithudi ndi mulungu. Nkhumba yamagazi imakhala yogwira ntchito nyengo yozizira (kasupe kapena yophukira).
Mazira azithunzi zoyera zozungulira. Mphutsi ndi chikasu chachikasu ndi miyendo itatu ya miyendo. Nymph ndi imvi yonyezimira, yamdima, imakhala ndi miyendo inayi ya miyendo. Malingana ndi msinkhu, mtundu wa nkhupakupa umasiyana ndi mtundu wa chikasu mpaka wofiira wofiira. Thupi la mkazi wachikulire ndi ovunda, 0.4 mm m'litali. Amuna ali ochepa pang'ono - 0,35 mm.
Funso la momwe mungadzitetezere kangaude wamagazi ndi momwe mungachotsedwe ndi zovuta chifukwa chakuti mazira a mite akhoza kukhala panthaka kwa zaka pafupifupi zisanu.
Cyclamen kangaude mite
Cyclamen kangaude (Tarsonemus pallidus) Zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu osiyanasiyana otentha mbewu. Munthu wamkulu yemwe ali ndi kutalika kwa 0,3 mm. Pa miyendo imayikidwa tizilombo tochepa kwambiri. Osapaka mtundu kapena bulauni, ali ndi magawo anayi a miyendo. Kutalika kwa dzira losalala ndi 0.1 mm.
Mitengo ya cyclamen imapewa kuwala, imapezeka m'malo obisika pamapope a nyumba (mu masamba, pakati pa calyx ndi corolla). Komanso, cyclamen nthata amakonda kwambiri chinyezi. Mafinya amadyetsa masamba aang'ono ndi masamba. Odwala masamba opopera mkati ndikukhala makwinya. Mabotolo amawonekeranso makwinya ndi otukuka, ndipo nthawi zina iwo sangatsegule konse. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tili ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana: violet, cyclamen, dahlia, chrysanthemum, geranium, fuchsia, begonia, petunia, daisy, azalea.
Nkhumba ya Turkestan
Tsamba la Turakestan Webusaiti chongani - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda 0.3-0.6 mm, wobiriwira. Mtundu wonyezimira wobiriwira umabwera chifukwa chodya chipinda chachitsulo cha zomera zomwe zili ndi chlorophyll.
Kutalika kwa mkazi ndi 0.5-0.6 mm; mawonekedwe a ng'ombe ndi ovoid. Amuna aakazi omwe amawotchera m'tawuni yaing'ono, namsongole, masamba osweka. Chiyembekezo chawo cha moyo ndi masiku 80. Wamphongo ndi wamng'ono kwambiri kuposa wamkazi, mawonekedwe a mwana wa ng'ombe amakhala ochepa, mtundu ndi wobiriwira.
Masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amatembenukira chikasu ndipo amadzaza ndi matope akuluakulu. Pang'onopang'ono, masamba a masamba amaonongeka. Kusamala kwa madzi kumasokonezeka. Anayimitsa zithunzi zowonjezera. Masamba amauma. Mankhwalawa amawononga mavwende ndi ndiwo zamasamba, komanso nyemba ndi thonje.
Nkhumba zazikulu
Kutentha kwapamwamba ndi kutentha kwakukulu kumathandizira pa chitukuko tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Tarsonemus pallidus). Kuphulika kwakukulu kumachitika m'mitengo yobiriwira m'nyengo ya kugwa ndi nyengo yozizira. Nkhumba zimapezeka nthawi zambiri pa balsamic (tidzabwerera ku funso la momwe tingachitire nalo).
Thupi la tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timene timakhala tambirimbiri, tomwe timakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Amuna amatha kukhala ndi mwezi umodzi ndi kubereka popanda kuswana. Amagona mazira 2-3 pa tsiku kwa masabata awiri. Pa nthawi yonse ya moyo, amayi amodzi amakhala ndi mazira 16 pamalo amdima mumapiri ndi pansi pa mbeu. Iwo ndi ovunda, ofewa. Mphutsi zoyera zimathamanga masiku awiri. Akuluakulu amachoka pamsasa pambuyo pa masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri (7), ndipo amayamba kuyenda mofulumira. Amatha kukwaniritsa moyo wawo mu sabata imodzi yokha.
Kupyolera m'matumbo, tizirombo toyambitsa matenda timatulutsa poizoni woopsa pa zomera. Masamba amakhala opotoka, oumitsidwa ndi osokonezeka, pali zokutira zamkuwa pamunsi pamunsi pa pepala. Ndi kuchulukitsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kufa. Kuwonongeka kukufanana ndi kusokonezeka kwachilengedwe pa chitukuko cha mbewu.
Tizilombo timene timadyetsa maluwa. Mbalame ya kangaude imakhala ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana: violet, ageratum, begonia, chrysanthemum, cyclamen, dahlia, gerbera, gloxinia, hibiscus, jasmine, balsam, lanthanum, marigold, snapdragon, verbena, zinnia. Nthawi zina nkhuku zambiri zimapangitsa mbewu monga tsabola, tomato, ndi nyemba.
Ndi tizirombo tambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipeze zomera ndi zokonzekera monga Fufanon, Bi-58, Tanrek, Alatar, Aktara, Aktellik, Karbofos ndi Fytoverm.
Mtsinje Wopamba Zamakono Nsonga
Ambiri wamaluwa wamaluwa ndi akatswiri omwe amalimbana nawo polimbana ndi akangaude, kutsogolera Malangizo ena ofunikira kupewa ndi kuchiza zomera kuchokera ku tizilombo:
- Inde, njira zabwino kwambiri zowonongetsera tizilombo ndizoziteteza. Mbewu yokhayo ingathe kubwezeretsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ofooka amayamba kutengeka ndi majeremusi. Yesetsani kuti zomera zisamakhale zathanzi komanso madera omwe ali pafupi nawo alibe mvula ndi fumbi. Onetsetsani kuti amapatsidwa madzi okwanira. Kupopera mankhwala ndi kuwonjezera ulimi wothirira kumathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda. Madzi amasunga tizilombo pamene amasankha malo otentha. Zinthu zozizira ndi zamvula zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kubereka. Kunja, nthata za akangaude zimagwira kasupe ndikugona m'nyengo yozizira. Kuopsa kwa tizirombo nthawi zonse kumakhala kovuta ngati mumakhala m'deralo ndi nyengo yotentha.
- Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo monga oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa kangaude, nthawi zonse titsatireni malangizowa mu malangizo. Mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo sali opangidwa kuti azidyera mbewu. Onetsetsani kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sivulaza anthu! Mafuta ophera tizilombo ndi othandiza makamaka. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zowonongeka kwa mankhwala, funsani ntchito yanu yowonjezera zomera.
Njira yabwino yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nkhumba zimakhala ndi adani achilengedwe, kuphatikizapo nthata zowonongeka, zomwe zimakhala ngati mawonekedwe a zamoyo. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsira ntchito ladybugs. Amadya nkhupakupa ngati palibe tizilombo tina pozungulira (mwachitsanzo, nsabwe za m'masamba). Komabe, musapitirire ndi chiwerengero cha tizilombo topindulitsa. Ngati mutabzala mbalame zikwi zingapo m'munda wanu, adya chirichonse, kuphatikizapo mtundu wawo.
Njira yabwino yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nkhumba zimakhala ndi adani achilengedwe, kuphatikizapo nthata zowonongeka, zomwe zimakhala ngati mawonekedwe a zamoyo. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsira ntchito ladybugs. Amadya nkhupakupa ngati palibe tizilombo tina pozungulira (mwachitsanzo, nsabwe za m'masamba). Komabe, musapitirire ndi chiwerengero cha tizilombo topindulitsa. Ngati mutabzala mbalame zikwi zingapo m'munda wanu, adya chirichonse, kuphatikizapo mtundu wawo.Ndikofunikira! Samalani ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala ochokera ku nthata za kangaude akhoza kupha tizilombo topindulitsa, pamene tizilombo titha kuchoka ku malo ochiritsidwa ndi tizilombo kupita ku malo oyera.Ngati simunakumana ndi kangaude, onetsetsani kuti muchite zonse zomwe mungathe kuti muteteze zomera zomwe mumakonda komanso kupewa matenda.
