Momwe mungakulire cranberry m'munda: mitundu, mitundu, ukadaulo waulimi, kubereka

Zipatso ndi zipatso zamtundu wa Vitamini zomwe zimamera mu ma sphagnum boamm m'malo omwe mabulosi ena ambiri sangathe kukula. Kuphatikiza pa ma cranberry omwe amagwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri anthu okhala ku Russia North, omwe amakhala ndi mbiri yozizira, palinso mitundu yamitundumitundu yamitundu iwiri zipatso - cranberry yaku Amerika yayikulu-zipatso, yoyenera kulimidwa kumadera omwe kuli nyengo yofunda.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya ma cranberries: yozizira-yolimba marashi ndi thermophilic yayikulu-zipatso

Kumpoto kwa Russia, mahekitala ambiri amalo okhala madambo okhala ndi mitengo yotchedwa marsh cranberries, yomwe imatha kupirira nthawi yachisanu komanso yozizira kwambiri.

Ma cranberries amalima kwambiri pamtundu wa peatlands kumpoto ndi pakati Russia

Kulima kwa zikhalidwe zamtundu wabwino kwambiri chonchi kunayamba mkati mwa zaka zomaliza ku malo oyesera a Kostroma, pomwe mitundu yopambana kwambiri yozizira kwambiri yokhala ndi zipatso idapangidwa yomwe inali yokulirapo kawiri kapena katatu kuposa mitundu yachilengedwe choyambirira. Zina mwazo sizabwino kuposa zipatso zamitundu yaku America, zomwe zimawonjezera kwambiri chisanu.

Chipatso chachikulu kwambiri cha nkhanu zosanja (zojambulira zithunzi)

Mitundu yoyerekeza ya mitundu yayikulu-zipatso zazikuluzikulu za nkhanu zakumaso (tebulo)

Ku North America, mtundu wina wa kiranberi amakula - cranberry yayikulu-zipatso, yomwe imasiyana ndi zipatso za ku European marsh mu zipatso zochulukirapo, kupezeka kwa mphukira zopatsa zipatso, nthawi yayitali yopanda udzu komanso nthawi yochepa yozizira.

Mitengo yayikulu yokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu zaku Amerika imasiyana ndi zipatso za marshoni mu zipatso zochuluka.

Zinayambitsidwa mu chikhalidwe kale kwambiri, kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana zapitazo. Pali mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu, zoyambirira komanso zosachedwa kwambiri kuposa izi zimatha kubadwa mu Russian nyengo: kuyambira ku Moscow Region mpaka kumwera.

Zosiyanasiyana za kiranberi waku America-wokhala ndi zipatso zazikuluzikulu (chithunzi chojambulidwa)

Mofananitsidwa wa mitundu ya kiranberi waku America wamkulu-wokhala ndi zipatso (tebulo)

Kanema: Makoko akudya zipatso zikuluzikulu

Kusankha kwamtundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cranberries pakukula m'maderawo

• Kumpoto ndi Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russia, Urals, Siberia: apa mutha kungokulitsa mitundu ya nkhanu za mtundu wobiriwira, zochulukana zomwe zikukula m'tchire m'malo amtundu wa peatlands am'derali. Makoko akulu-aku Cranberry aku America pano alibe kutentha okwanira chilimwe kupsa zipatso.
• Chigawo chapakati cha Russia (kuphatikiza dera la Moscow), kumpoto kwa Belarus: mitundu yonse ya nkhanu zam'madzi zimakula bwino. Mu zaka zabwino kwambiri, kukolola kwa mitundu yoyambirira kwambiri ya kiranberi ndikotheka.
• Madera a Chernozem a Russia, kumwera kwa Belarus, Ukraine: zabwino zonse za mitundu yonse ya cranberries, komanso mitundu yoyambirira ya cranberries. Kupatsogola kwa mbewuyi kumwera kumachepetsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa chilimwe ndi mpweya wouma.

Kodi cranberries akukula kuti?

Kuthengo, cranberries amakula okha mu sphagnum bogs, omwe ndi malo apadera kwambiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera:

Mwachilengedwe, cranberries amakula pokhapokha pazovunda zapamwamba za sphagnum.

• Madzi okwanira pansi ambiri omwe amapita mwachindunji padziko lapansi.
• Mkulu acidity acid (pH 3.0 - 5.5).
• Dothi limakhala lopangidwa pafupifupi ndi peat - lotayirira lachiwonetsero chachilengedwe cholandidwa ndi peat moss.
• Sphagnum live peat moss yophimba pafupifupi nkhope yonse ya dambo lotere ndi chida champhamvu chachilengedwe chomwe chimalepheretsa kukula kwa njira zoyeserera.

Peat moss sphagnum - zachilengedwe antiseptic, maziko a chilengedwe cha sphagnum bogs

Chifukwa chake, yabwino kwambiri kulimidwa kwa cranberries wamunda ndi peatlands. Ili ndi mtundu wokhawo wa dothi womwe sufunikira kukonzekera kulikonse kubzala cranberries. Mutha kuzindikira ma bedi ndi chomera nthawi yomweyo.

Peat bog yokhala ndi madzi apansi panthaka ndi malo abwino okulitsa cranberries

Dothi lolemera la dongo silabwino kwenikweni. M'malo oterowo, kulima kiranberi kumatheka kokha munthaka zodzala ndi peat. M'malo otsika ndi dothi lamtambo, makoma akamangidwa, malo oyenera ndi ngalande ayenera kuperekedwa kuti madzi asadziunjike mvula ikagwa kapena matalala osungunuka. Mosiyana ndi peat "yopumira" yomwe ikhoza kupezeka, dongo lokhala ndi madzi limafanana ndi matope a simenti, mizu imabisalira ndi kufa.

Ma cranberries sangathe kukula pa dongo lolemera - mizu yake idzakwanira

Dothi lamchenga opepuka limatha kuonedwa kuti ndi loyenera pokhapokha ngati mungathe kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku. Amavomerezedwa ndi mpweya komanso mizu, koma imaphwa msanga kwambiri. Pamadothi amchenga, kuchuluka kwa peat ya mahatchi kumafunikira kuti kuwonjezera chinyezi ndikutha kukwaniritsa acidity yomwe mukufuna. Kuti musunge chinyontho, ndibwino kuti muthetse mizere yobzala ma cranberries ndi filimu ya pulasitiki m'magawo angapo.

Dothi lamchenga limavomerezeka mosavuta kumizu, koma osasunga madzi konse

Koyikiratu zipatso

Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga:

• lotayirira, yolowerera, nthaka acidic (pH 3.0 - 5.5);
• kusowa kwa namsongole, makamaka nkhosazo;
• kuyatsa kwabwino;
• madzi apansiwo sanapitirire kuposa theka la mita kuchokera padziko lapansi (munthawi yayitali, ikhoza m'malo mwa kuthilira tsiku ndi tsiku).

Ma Cranberries amafunika dothi lokhala ndi asidi wambiri (pH 3.0 - 5.5)

Kugwirizana kwa Cranberry ndi Zomera Zina

Zomera zina kuchokera kwa banja la heather zimafunanso zofananira ndi cranberry kuti nthaka acidity: lingonberries, blueberries, blueberries, crowberry, rosemary, and rhododendrons. Zosowa zapafupi ndi za cranberries, mabuliberi ndi korona zamadzi, ndipo mwachilengedwe nthawi zambiri amakula m'dera loyandikana ndi malo otentha. Ledum imamera pamadambo omwewo, komanso mabulosi a herbaceous perennials ochokera ku banja la Rosaceae - mtedza ndi mafumu. Ma Blueberries amakhalanso okonda chinyezi, koma amakonda malo opanda nkhalango. Lingonberry imakonda malo ouma komanso kuwunikira bwino, mwachilengedwe imamera m'malo owuma a pine pamtunda wamchenga, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti osabzale m'munda womwewo pabedi limodzi ndi cranberries chifukwa cholamula kosiyanasiyana. Madzi abwino amafunikira ma Rhododendrons; sangathe kulekerera chinyezi chambiri. M'madera achilengedwe, mbewu zonse izi ndi abwenzi a conifers (spruce, pine, larch, juniper). Mukadzawabzala m'mundamo, ndibwino kuwonjezera dothi laling'ono kuchokera ku nkhalango yamtchire yokhala ndi heather yamtchire kuti zitsimikizike kuti nthaka ili ndi mycorrhiza - bowa wapansi panthaka womwe umakonda kukula kwa mizu.

Zomera zamtundu wa cranberries (chithunzi chojambulidwa)

Musabzale cranberries mwachindunji pansi pa korona wa mtengo: Choyamba, imafunikira kuwunikira bwino, chachiwiri, mizu yamitengo yamphamvu youma nthaka.

Mukamasankha ana oyandikana ndi kiranberi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zophukira zake zazitali pansi pa zinthu zabwino zimakula msanga, kuphimba dothi ndi kapeti yolimba yobiriwira.

M'malo abwino, nkhwangwa za cranberry ndizolimba kwambiri ndipo zimangokhala malo amodzi kwazaka zambiri.

Kukonza dothi ndi kubzala cranberry

Kukhathamiritsa kwa nthaka kofunikira m'nthaka kwa nkhanu (pH 3.0 - 5.5) kumathandizidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa acidic peat nthawi yobzala. Peat yotsika ilibe acidifying yofunika chifukwa chosakwanira acidity.

Peat peat amasiyana ndi low low ndi lowala mtundu ndi mawonekedwe coarse fiber

Kusiyana pakati pa peat yayikulu komanso yotsika (tebulo)

Pa dothi lililonse, kupatula masamba a peat bogs, cranberries amabzalidwa muminga yopangidwa ndi dothi la peat. Ndondomeko ndi motere:

1. Kumbani ngalande yakuya pafupifupi mita, mita kapena theka mulifupi.
   

   Choyamba, kuti kamagonapo, muyenera kukumba ngalande yakuya mita
2. Mbali za ngalawo zizilimbikitsidwa ndimagulu olimba ndi antiseptic.
3. Ngati dothi limakhala ndi mchenga, yikani ngalandeyo ndi filimu ya pulasitiki m'magawo awiri a 2-3. Pansi pa filimuyo m'malo angapo, kubaya ndi pitchfork kuti madzi asasanduke.
4. Ngati dothi ndi dongo, ikani ziunda zosweka pansi za ngalawo pansi pa ngalande.
5. Dzazani ngalawo ndi acidic peat, ndikotheka ndikuwonjezera kwa mchenga wowuma mu chiyerekezo cha 3: 1. Ndikofunikanso kuwonjezera zinyalala zowonongeka pang'ono kuchokera m'nkhalango kuti dothi lipange mycorrhiza.
   

   Ming'alu ya Cranberry imadzaza ndi acidic peat

6. Madzi ochulukirapo.
7. Bzalani kiranberi yotalikilana ndi 20-30 sentimita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
8. Ndikofunika kuwaza pamtunda wa dothi la peat ndi masentimita angapo a mchenga kuti tileke kukula.
   

   Mutabzala cranberries, ndikofunikira kuwaza pamtunda wa peat ngalande ndi mchenga wowonda

9. Madzi kachiwiri.
10. Ngati kunja kukutentha, dzuwa, sabata yoyamba ndikofunikira kuti pakhale udzu wobzala ndi nsalu zosaluka.

Ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito mwala woponderezedwa ndi miyala ina ndi zina zofananira pomanga ngalande ndi ngalande, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa nthaka.

Ndikwabwino kubzala zipatso zamakhola kumapeto kwa chilimwe, kuti mbewu zikhale ndi nthawi yoti mizu ichitike pachilimwe. Mwezi woyamba mutabzala uyenera kuthiriridwa tsiku lililonse.

Kusamalira Cranberry

Vuto lalikulu ndi kukula kwa cranberries ndikusunga nthaka acidity (pH 3.0 - 5.5). Kuti muthane ndi acidity, mapepala ofunikira apadera amafunikira, omwe amagulitsidwa m'malo opezeka m'minda ndi m'malo ogulitsa ziweto mu dipatimenti yazinthu zamadzimadzi. Kuti mudziwe acidity, dothi laling'ono limasakanizidwa ndi madzi osungunuka, gawo lamapulogalamu ozindikiritsa limamizidwa mumadzi awa ndipo mtundu wake umayerekezedwa ndi muyeso womwe umapezeka phukusi.

Pepala lotayirira la Litmus yodziwitsa kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi nthaka

Madzi okuthirira cranberry amafunikiranso kuwongoleredwa. Choyamba, iyenera kukhala acidic mokwanira, monga dothi. Acids aliwonse angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphatikiza madzi, kuchokera ku viniga wa viniga kupita ku electrolyte ya batri yamagalimoto.

Chitetezo: Nthawi zonse onjezani asidi pang'ono mumtsuko wokhala ndi madzi ambiri, komanso osatinso kanthu. Ma asidi osakanikirana ndi owopsa ndipo amayambitsa kuyaka pakhungu.

Kachiwiri, madziwo sayenera kukhala olimba. Madzi ofewa kwambiri amvula, mvula, chipale chofewa, ochokera kunyanja zina. Zitsime zambiri ndi akasupe abwinobwino ali ndi madzi olimba kwambiri okhala ndi laimu yayitali, madzi oterewa sioyenera kuthirira cranberry.

Zizindikiro za madzi olimba:

• tiyi wobala bwino, amasanduka wopanda mitambo komanso wopanda tanthauzo;
• sopo, shampu, mafuta osambitsira osatulutsa bwino;
• sopo wamba amatuluka nthawi yomweyo.

Ma cranberries amayenera kuthiriridwa pafupipafupi ndi madzi ofewa acidic, kuti nthaka isaphwe. M'madera okhala ndi madzi apansi pansi (kutalikirana kuposa theka lamitala kuchokera panthaka), madzi okwanira tsiku lililonse amafunikira kutentha.

Kovala pamwamba pa Cranberry

Sizoletsedwa kuyambitsa manyowa, kompositi, ndowe za mbalame ndi feteleza wina wolemera wa nayitrogeni pansi pa cranberries. Kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe, ndi peat yokha yomwe ndiyabwino. Chaka choyamba kapena ziwiri mutabzala, palibe feteleza amafunika konse. Pambuyo pake, feteleza wa mchere yekha amamugwiritsa ntchito Mlingo wocheperako, mchaka chokha komanso theka loyamba la chilimwe (mpaka pakati pa Julayi). Mulingo woyenera pachaka pa mita imodzi (lalikulu lomwe limagawidwa m'magawo atatu):

• 5 g wa urea,
• 15 g wa superphosphate
• 10 g wa potaziyamu sulphate.

Palibe mankhwala othandizira tizirombo ndi matenda a cranberry omwe amafunikira.

Maluwa cranberries nyengo yabwino yopanda nyumba zowonjezera. Kubzala wamkulu-kiranberi akhoza kubowoleza pang'ono ndi nthambi za coniferous spruce.

Paminda yamafakitale yomwe sinali ndi thaws yozizira, cranberries nthawi zina amasungidwa mu ayezi m'nyengo yozizira. Pakakhala chisanu chokhazikika pamunsi -5 ° C, minda yotseka imathiridwa ndimadzi ndi wosanjikiza masentimita atatu, ndikatha kuzizira imabwerezedwanso kuti mbewuzo zikhale m'chilengedwe chonse. Chapakatikati, madzi ochulukirapo amatulutsidwa m'ndende.

Nthawi yamaluwa, kuyambira theka loyamba la Juni, cranberries amatha kudwala chisanu. Kuti muteteze, minda yamaluwa imakutidwa ndi agrofibre kapena filimu ya pulasitiki usiku. Madzulo, malo ogona amachotsedwa.

Ma Cranberries amafunika kuteteza chisanu nthawi ya maluwa.

Kufalikira kwa masamba cranberries

Ma Cranberries amafalitsa mosala zipatso (ndikudula) ndi njere.

Kufalikira kwa ma cranberries okhala ndi masamba obiriwira

Iyi ndi njira yosavuta. M'mwezi wa June, zadula pafupifupi masentimita 10 ziyenera kudulidwa kuchokera kumiphukira yaying'ono ndikubzala pabedi lamtundu wa peat, osasiya masamba opitilira 2-3 pamwamba. Madzi tsiku lililonse, kupewa kupewa kuyimitsa dothi. Itha kuvekedwa ndi kanema kuti ikhalebe chinyezi. Mutha kubzala pomwepo pamalo okhazikika, kudula 2-3 mu dzenje limodzi. Popita nthawi yotentha, mizu yodula bwino mizu.

Njira yosavuta yofalitsira cranberries poyambira masamba obiriwira

Kubzala mbewu za cranberry

Pokhapokha ngati mbande kapena masamba odulidwa okonzekeretsedwa, ma cranberries amathanso kukhala akulu nthangala. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasungidwa nthawi yofesedwa, koma mbewu zobzalidwa bwino zimasinthidwa kuti zizolowera nyengo.

Ndondomeko ndi motere:

1. Konzani mphika wosaya wodzazidwa ndi msuzi wonyowa wa peat yamahatchi ndikuphatikiza pang'ono kwa mchenga.
2. Kufalitsa mbewu za kiranberi pansi.
3. Patulani ndi wosalala (1 millimeter) wamchenga wamtsinje.
4. Madzi mosamala.
5. Phimbani mphika ndi pulasitiki.
6. Refidgeate for stratation pa kutentha kwa + 3-5 ° С.
7. Zilowerere pamenepo kwa miyezi iwiri, ndikulowerera tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kuthirira, kuti dothi limakhala lonyowa pang'ono.
8. Matalikidwe atatha, sinthani poto kupita kuchipinda ndi kutentha kwa + 15-20 ° C, kupitilirabe kuthirira madzi.
9. Kuwombera kumawonekera sabata ziwiri zotsatira.
10. Pambuyo kuwonekera masamba angapo enieni, mbande zimabzalidwa mumiphika osiyana ndi peat osakaniza.
11. Mu theka lachiwiri la Juni, dzalani mbewu panthaka pamtunda wa peat.

Ndemanga

kulima mitundu yosiyanasiyana sikovuta, chinthu chachikulu kukumbukira: amakonda kwambiri dothi la peaty, mizu ya cranberry ndiyopamwamba, musapite mwakuya mpaka masentimita 10-15 kuti mutha kupanga zitunda za asidi

Natali

//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/19666-neobychnyj-iagodnik-kliukva-i-brusnika-sadovye/

Lero ndili ndi bedi lamasentimita 40. Ndondomeko yake, mbewuyo siyakukula, malo okhawo ndi dothi louma komanso chomera pakama popanda udzu, chifukwa kuwakoka kunja kwa cranberries ndizovuta - amakokedwa, monga lamulo, pamodzi ndi cranberries. Chifukwa cranberries amaponyera nthambi, zomwe zimaphuka mizu zikalumikizana ndi nthaka, ndikupanga chopondera.

Ryzhulya

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/22029/

Ndidakula cranberries zaka zingapo zapitazo, ndidakula bwino (ndimakonda dothi la asidi, kuthilira komanso mchenga), koma sindinawone maluwa ndi zipatso. Gulu la "Pilgrim", lotchulidwa mu Interflora. Anasiyana osazengereza.

Irina Kiseleva

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=8486

Ma Cranberries amalimidwa mosavuta m'malo otsetsereka omwe amakhala ndi dothi louma la peaty komanso nthaka yapansi panthaka, ndipo limamera m'tchire. Izi zosakwanira kwa mbewu zina zitha kusinthidwa kukhala minda yazonenepa. Ngati mawonekedwe oyamba a tsambalo sakugwirizana ndi zomwe amafunikira, kukula kwa ma cranberry kumafuna ndalama zapadera komanso nthawi yayitali ndipo kungakhale ndi chidwi chongolima minda yamtendere, ngati chidwi chokhacho.