Momwe mungadyetsere akuda akuda: nsonga za nyengo

Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amadandaula; Mavuto awa ndi ena ambiri amatha chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya. Ngati othandizira samalandira zonse zofunikira, ndiye kuti sangathe kukula bwino, kukana matenda, kupereka zophuka komanso impso. Zaka zoyambirira mutabzala, chitsamba chimatenga michere m'nthaka, koma mtsogolo, chimafunikira thandizo m'njira yovalira pamwamba.

Chifukwa chiyani ma currants amafunikira mavalidwe apamwamba

Currant imakhala ndi mizu yopanda tanthauzo, yomwe imakhala yakuya mpaka masentimita 50. Monga mbewu iliyonse yolimidwa, imafunikira feteleza, chifukwa posakhalitsa michere mu gawo la mizu imatha. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwa mineral ndi organic, ma currant amakula bwino mu unyinji wa chitsamba, zipatso zimakula kwambiri, yowutsa mudyo, komanso kukoma kwambiri. Kavalidwe kabwino kakang'ono kwambiri ndikofunika - samangothandiza kukonzekera tchire la nyengo yozizira, komanso kumathandizira kuyika masamba atsopano.

Blackcurrant imamera m'malo amodzi kwa zaka 15 mpaka 20, koma osadyetsa, kuubwana, imatha kuchepa

Feteleza wa Blackcurrant mukabzala

Ma currants amayankha bwino kwambiri pakusintha kwa mikhalidwe. Ngati mukufuna kubzala zitsamba zatsopano, ndibwino kukonzekereratu malowa. Ndikofunika kupereka dothi ndi michere ndi michere yachilengedwe, kukumba, ndipo ngati malowo ndi amadzi - ndiye kukhetsa.

Kukonza dzenje

Kupereka kwa othandizira ndi chakudya kumadalira kukula kwa dzenje. Kukula kwake, ndi malo abwino omwe mungapangire chitsamba. Popeza kuya kwa mizu ya currants kuli kochepa, sizikupanga nzeru kukumba mwakuya. Kudzaza dzenje ndi zosakanikirana ndi dothi losakanikirana, ndibwino kuwonjezera mulifupi. Kukula kwa dzenje kumatengera dothi labwino m'munda wanu:

Pa chernozem, ndikokwanira kukumba dzenje kukula kwa mizu ndikubzala chitsamba popanda feteleza aliyense.
M'malo ambiri, dothi loamy kapena lochenga limapezeka, ndipo dzenje limapangidwa masentimita 60x60.
Pamadothi ochepera, zokumbira zimapangidwa mpaka mita 1 mulifupi - kukula kwa chitsamba chachikulire.

Kanema: momwe mungakonzekerere bwino dzenje kuti ikamatera

Ntchito feteleza

Popeza kuti curators adzamera m'malo amodzi pachaka chimodzi, zosakaniza zadothi zobzala ziyenera kukonzedwa mosamalitsa:

Sakanizani nthaka yachonde ndi humus kapena kompositi (1: 1), onjezani 0,5 l wa phulusa. Dzazani bowo lokonzedwa ndi osakaniza.
Lekani kusakaniza bwino kwa mwezi, pokhapokha mutatha kudzala curators.
Kubzala masika, dzazani maenje kuyambira nthawi yophukira.

Nthaka yachonde ndiye masentimita 30 apamwamba. Koma kuti mudzaze dzenjelo, mutha kubweretsa nthaka kuchokera m'nkhalangomo, kapena kugula dothi lapaderalo. Nthaka yosankhidwa pansi mwakuya masentimita 30 siingathe kubzala.

Chimawoneka ngati dzenje lokonzekereratu - imadzaza ndi dothi losakaniza bwino komanso lolemba ndi msomali

Ngati palibe humus, kompositi ndi phulusa, ndiye dzazani dzenje ndi dothi lokonzedwa losakanizika ndi zotsatirazi (pachitsamba chilichonse):

1 tbsp. l urea
2 tbsp. l superphosphate;
1 tbsp. l feteleza wopanda mchere wa potashi.

Palibe, musadzala currants mu nthaka, mwatsopano okocha ndi feteleza wa mchere. Ma kristalo sanasakanizikane ndi dothi ndipo analibe nthawi yosungunuka, motero amatha kuwotcha mizu.

Mavalidwe oyambira

Feteleza zopangidwa nthawi yobzala zimakhala kwa zaka 3-4, nthawi isanakwane nthawi yokwanira zipatso. Akuluakulu othandizira amafunikira michere nyengo yonse, koma gawo lililonse la chitukuko limafuna zinthu zina. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwamasamba ndi nthambi, nayitrogeni amafunika, kuti azilimbitsa mizu ndikuwonjezera kulimba kwa dzinja - phosphorous, ndipo potaziyamu ali ndi udindo pazomwe zipatso zimathandizira, kumawonjezera chitetezo chomera.

Ma currants akuda amafunika kudyetsedwa kawiri - kasupe ndi yophukira. Ndipo kuti muthe kukolola zochuluka pazinthu zosiyanasiyana ndikusintha kukoma kwa zipatsozo, ma currants amawonjezeranso micronutrient.

Kuthira feteleza ndi microdutrient feteleza nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa kupopera masamba obiriwira.

Feteleza waudzu mu kugwa

Achinyamata olimira, omwe adayamba kukhala chitsamba chodzala zipatso, amayamba kudya kumapeto kwa nyengo, atalandira zipatso zoyamba zipatso. M'dzinja, feteleza wa nayitrogeni sangagwiritsidwe ntchito, chifukwa amachititsa kuti mphukira zizikula kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, feteleza ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu zokha ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Gome: Ubwino wothira feteleza wa mchere

Chifukwa chiyani muyenera	Feteleza wa Potashi	Phosphoric Feteleza
Za zipatso	Sinthani zipatso. Maonekedwe okoma ndi kukoma. Thandizani kuyendetsa ndi kusungira kosavuta.	Vutani kucha zipatso. Amathandizira kuti mapuloteni, mafuta, michere yambiri azikhalamo.
Zaumoyo wamtchire	Kuchulukitsa kukana mbewu.	Limbikitsani mizu. Thandizani kuti nyengo yachisanu ikhale yabwino. Kuchulukitsa chilala chololeza zomera.

Potaziyamu ndi woyenera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pa currants mu nthawi yophukira, pomwe nyengo zabwino kwambiri za bowa zamakhalidwe zimapangidwa - kuzimiririka ndi kuzizira. Mothandizidwa ndi potaziyamu, ma currants amatha kuwonjezera chitetezo chawo pachaka mpaka kumapeto.

Phosphorous ndiye chida chomangira chatsopano cha ziwalo zatsopano. M'malo mwake, chinthuchi chimafunikira ma currants chaka chonse, koma feteleza okhala ndi phosphorous amasungunuka pang'ono ndikugwiritsidwa ndi mizu. Atayambitsa kugwa, pang'onopang'ono amasintha kukhala mawonekedwe opezeka ndi ma currants ndipo adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbeu kuyambira kumapeto mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yotsatira.

Vidiyo: kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu m'dzinja

Mu nthawi yophukira, monga kuvala pamwamba, perekani kwa supuni imodzi ya supu ya potaziyamu ndi superphosphate pa chitsamba chilichonse. Feteleza ntchito nthawi yomweyo muzu. Kuti muchite izi:

Patsogola kuthengo, ndikubwerera pang'ono kuti musakhudze mizu, kukumba poyambira masentimita 30 kapena kukumba mogwirizana ndi chitsamba mbali zonse ziwiri.
Ngati nthaka ili youma, ikani pansi poyambira madzi ndi madzi (ndowa 2-3).
Finyani mitundu yonse iwiri ya feteleza wogwirizana pamtunda.
Manyowa feteleza wogawana pansi ponyowa
Sungani poyambira.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ovuta a mabulosi omwe amalembedwa kuti "yophukira" kapena "yophukira". Musanagwiritse ntchito, werengani kapangidwe kake - nayitrogeni sayenera kukhala konse kapena itha kupezeka ndende yochepa kwambiri poyerekeza phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Chitani chilichonse chovala muzu pokha ponyowa, kuphatikiza ndi kuthirira, kapena kuthira mvula ikamagwa.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: momwe mungadyetsere curators mu yophukira

: Superphosphate imakhala ndi phosphorous inayake mosavuta kugaya ndi zomera

: Feteleza wa potaziyamu sayenera kukhala ndi chlorine

: Phukusi la feteleza wovuta limafotokozeredwa mbewu zomwe limapangidwira, ndipo pali cholembedwa "yophukira"

: Feteleza wa yophukira wa chilengedwe chonse woyenera mbewu zonse

: Pansi pa zopangidwa zodziwika bwino za Forte ndi Fertik yophukira yophukira zimapangidwanso.

Feteleza woponderezana masika

Pa budding, currant imafunikira zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Panthawi imeneyi, amafunika kwambiri:

nayitrogeni - kuti apange mphukira zazikulu ndi zamphamvu, ndikuwonjezereka kwa masamba;
potaziyamu - wamaluwa ndi zipatso.

Kuphatikiza ma currants, mutha kusankha njira imodzi yodyetsera:

Kufalitsa chidebe cha humus kapena kompositi ndi kapu ya mitengo pang'onopang'ono pa bwalo loyandikira, kuwaza ndi lapansi.
Kuwaza 1 tbsp pansi pa chitsamba. l urea kapena ammonium nitrate ndi 1 tbsp. l potaziyamu sulfate, sakanizani ndi topsoil. Mutha kusungunulira feteleza mu ndowa ndikutsalira mavalidwe amadzimadzi. Ngati feteleza wa potaziyamu wagwiritsidwa kale ntchito kugwa, ndiye kuti sodium potaziyamu siyofunikira.
Ma feteleza am'madzi amatha kusungunuka m'madzi kuti liwonjezere kufinya kwa michere.
Gulani zitosi zouma za nkhuku kapena manyowa a mahatchi ku sitolo, konzekerani vutoli mogwirizana ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusi.
Dilitsani zinyalala zatsopano ndi madzi 1:20, manyowa - 1:10 (musanamwe madziwo, njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kuthiriridwa kwa masiku 5-7).
Gwiritsani ntchito kuvala kokwanira pamtunda kwa zitsamba za mabulosi zomwe zimakhala ndi micro ndi micronutrients zonse zofunika. Werengani malangizowo, onetsetsani kuti feteleza ndi woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito masika.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: momwe mungadyetsere ma currants mu kasupe

: M'masitolo apadera amagulitsa ndodo zachiguduli - ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

: Mafuta a manyowa a mahatchi alibe fungo lotchulidwa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale m'mazomera akunyumba

: Urea amadziwika kuti ambiri amalimi ndi feteleza wofunikira wa nayitrogeni pakuthamanga.

: Feteleza mtundu wa Agricola adalonjeza kwa alimi

: Manyowa osungunuka am'madzi ali ndi zinthu zonse zofunika pakukula kwa mabulosi

: Kuthira feteleza, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza aliyense wopangira mabulosi ndi mbewu za zipatso, kuphatikizapo kukonzekera kwa Agrovita

Chizindikiro cha zovala zonse za masika pamwamba ndizovala zambiri za nayitrogeni poyerekeza ndi zinthu zina. Chapakatikati, ikani feteleza wamadzimadzi momwemonso mu kugwa, ndiye kuti mu poyambira ponyowa.

Musapitirire muyeso wa feteleza woperekedwa munjirayi, chifukwa chowonjezera chilichonse chimakhala chowopsa kuposa kusowa kwake. Mchere wosasunthika umadziunjikira m'nthaka ndikupangitsa mizu kuyaka. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kwa nayitrogeni kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni mu zipatso.

Zowonjezera Micronutrient

Zofufuza za mbewu ndizofunikira monga mavitamini kwa ife. Popanda zakudya zoyambira (nitrogen, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu), sizothandiza. Koma ngati currant ilandila feteleza ofunikira kwambiri, zonse zimatha:

onjezerani zokolola;
zimakhudza kukula ndi kukoma kwa zipatso;
kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira;
kuthana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana, monga kugwidwa ndi tizilombo, chilala, nyengo yayitali, kuzizira, kudulira, zina.

Gome: Gwero lalikulu la kufufuza zinthu za currants

Dzinalo	Zofunikira	Njira yogwiritsira ntchito
Phulusa	Amasintha kuchuluka kwa nthaka m'nthaka molowera ndale, zabwino kwa curators. Imathandizira kulimbana ndi matenda, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizirombo tina.	Kuwaza kumayambiriro kasupe mu chisanu chosungunuka (magalasi 1-2 pansi pa chitsamba). Nthawi yamaluwa, mumasuleni kapu ya phulusa mumtsuko wamadzi ndikuthira nthawi yomweyo mu poyambira kuthirira. Popewa kapena chizindikiro choyambirira cha matenda kapena kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo, finyani chitsamba ndi madzi oyera ndikufafaniza ndi phulusa. Sikoyenera kuti muzitsuka, pakapita nthawi phulusa lokha limatha kapena lidzachotsedwa masamba ndi mvula.
Boric acid	Kukonzekera kumakhala ndi microelement yofunika kwambiri pazomera - boron.	Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodyetsa ndi boron ndi nyengo yamaluwa a currants. Phatikizani 3 g ya makhiridwe a boric acid mumtsuko ndi kupopera maluwa.
Ma microfertilizer apadera	Zinthu zosakanikirana bwino pazinthu zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta kuzomera	Gwiritsani ntchito monga zokuthandizira kukula. Mutha kusinthira mbande kuti muzike mizu m'malo atsopano. Ikani mawonekedwe a foliar top dressing: for maluwa currants - kuteteza ku chisanu; kuphukira - pa kukula kwa zipatso, zisanakhazikike ndi mutakolola; komanso zaka zilizonse - atadulira kwambiri komanso ngati prophylaxis wa matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Feteleza aliyense ali ndi ake chithandizo pafupipafupi komanso pafupipafupi. Ma Microfertilizer opangira mabulosi amagulitsidwa pansi pa zilembo: Energen Extra, AquaMix, Oracle, Novosil, etc.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: kukonzekera zakudya zowonjezera

: Tsopano simungangotenga phulusa pachitofu, komanso kugula mgulawo

: Boric acid amagulitsidwa m'misika ndi m'maluwa

: Novosil samangolimbikitsa kukula komanso kuwonjezera zokolola, komanso amateteza mbewu ku matenda

: Ethergen yowonjezera imathandizira kucha, imawonjezera zomwe zili ndi mavitamini mu zipatso, zimachulukitsa zokolola ndi 30-40%

: Realkom imathandizira kuchepetsa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi nitrate mu zipatso ndi zipatso ndi theka

Mbatata yoyang'ana kwa currants

Mwa alimi, tsopano ndayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mbatata ngati feteleza. Monga lamulo, wamaluwa amasonkhana ndi chimphacho nthawi yonse yozizira, kuwuma kapena kuwumitsa. Amakumba zoyeretsa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma kuweruza powona, ndizosavomerezeka zomwe zimavomera kwambiri kuvala koteroko.

Mu mbatata yomwe timakonda kutaya, pamakhala mitundu ingapo komanso yaying'ono, ndipo koposa zonse, imakhala yotsika, yomwe imasokoneza shuga pakapita nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, zili ndi zinthu zambiri za nayitrogeni zimadziwika m'mayeretsedwe. Ndikofunikira kubweretsa feteleza wanyumbayi mchaka, ngati chovala chachikulu.

Peel ya mbatata yomwe timaponyera imatha kukhala chakudya chabwino kwa currants

Njira imodzi yogwiritsira ntchito mbatata:

Musanaonetsetse kuti mudzaza peel ndi madzi otentha. Mwanjira imeneyi, mumasokoneza ma causative othandizira mochedwa kupweteka, nkhanambo ndi matenda ena. Kuphatikiza apo, maso onse adzafa chifukwa chofwenthera (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pansi pa currant yanu yolima mbatata yopanda zokha)
Monga momwe zinalili kale, pafupi ndi chitsamba muyenera kukumba poyambira 30 cm.
Pansi, yikani mbatata yothira madzi, wosanjikiza pafupifupi 5 cm.
Pansi pa poyatsira wakonzekereratu, patsani mbatata zosenda mbatata ndi madzi
Phimbani pansi ndi masentimita (10cm) ndikuwaza phulusa la nkhuni pamwamba.
Dzazani poyambira osasakaniza chilichonse.

Phulusa limathandizira kuvala ma organic ndi ma microelements, koma simuyenera kusakaniza ndi kuyeretsa. Nitrogen, yomwe imayeretsedwa, ikamayanjana ndi alkali (phulusa) imasandulika ammonia ndikusintha. Pankhaniyi, kuvala pamwamba sikungathandize. Njira yabwino ndikupangira phulusa patatha masiku 5-7 mutatha kuvala zovala za nayitrogeni.

Kanema: momwe mungakolole ndikugwiritsa ntchito mbatata za peato

Ngati nyakulima akudziwa bwino magawo a kukula ndi zipatso za ma currants, ndiye kuti sizovuta kuthira feteleza. Chapakatikati, chomeracho chimafunikira feteleza wa nayitrogeni, mu kugwa - phosphate. Potaziyamu akhoza kuyikika katatu pachaka, koma mlingo pachitsamba chilichonse (1 tbsp. L.) Zofunika kugawidwa m'magawo atatu. Mavalidwe apamwamba ak micronutrient, ngakhale siofunikira, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamatchire a currant, chifukwa chake zokolola.