Mabulosi abulosi komanso onunkhira ndi mlendo wolandiridwa m'munda uliwonse. Tsoka ilo, zipatso za mitundu yambiri sizikhala motalika: pakati pa chilimwe, kucha kwa zipatso kumatha. Koma chisangalalocho chitha kupitilizidwa ndi mtsogolo mwa mitundu ina. Izi zimaphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, sitiroberi a Florence, wobereredwa ku UK. Ikuthandizani kuti musunthe banja lanu ndi zipatso zabwino zatsopano mu Julayi.
Mbiri ya Strawberry Florence
Strawberry Florence adawonekera chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa aku England ku East Molling Institute liteko. Mbiri yakale yophatikiza imaphatikizaponso kudutsa kwamtundu wotchuka wa Providence, Gorell, Tioga. Omwe amatsogolera ku Florence ndi a Dutch Wima-Tarda ndi Vicoda. Mtundu watsopano udalembetsedwa mu 1997.
Poyambirira, sitiroberi amatchedwa Florence, liwulo limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chirasha monga "Florence" komanso "Florence". Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina wamaluwa amakhulupirira molakwika kuti pali mitundu iwiri yosiyana yokhala ndi mayina ofanana.
Pakadali pano, mitunduyi imakulitsidwa ku Europe, ku Russia, Ukraine, Belarus. M'malo mwake, sitiroberi iyi itha kubzalidwe kosatha, chifukwa ingabzalidwe ponseponse komanso malo obiriwira. Muyenera kungokumbukira kuti mabulosi awa salekerera nyengo yotentha.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu
Strawberry Florence amadziwika kuti ndi mitundu yakucha-yakucha. Komabe, ena olima ku Russia amawona kuti ndi sitiroberi wa nthawi yayitali, popeza pali mitundu ina yakucha ngakhale pambuyo pake. Kubala kumayambira khumi zoyambirira za Julayi.
Strawberry Florence imasiyanitsidwa ndi zipatso zazikulu ndi zokongola.
Mabasi a Florence ndi okulirapo komanso amphamvu, amapanga maapu angapo. Masamba akuluakulu amtundu wobiriwira wakuda amatengedwa mu socket. Ziphuphu zazitali koma zowondera, zakulira pamwamba pamasamba. Zipatso zazikuluzikulu zopangidwa nthawi zonse kapena zowongoka zimapakidwa utoto wofiira kwambiri. Guwa limakhala lambiri, lokhathamira kwambiri, lokoma ndi fungo la sitiroberi. Kukoma kwake ndi kokoma, koma ndi wowawasa.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Florence imadziwika ndi izi:
- zokolola zambiri - kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi mutha kupeza 0,4-0,5 kg, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka 1 kg ya zipatso;
- zipatso zazikulu (pafupifupi kulemera 30-35 g, kuchuluka mpaka 60 g);
- kuthekera kwabwino komanso moyo wautali wa mashelufu (masiku 5-6 mufiriji popanda kutayika kwa ubora);
- kukana nyengo yovuta: ngakhale nyengo yabwino kwambiri, kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kosasinthika;
- kukoka kocheperako kwa mizu matenda ndi powdery mildew;
- chosasinthika pakuphatikizidwa kwa dothi (imatha kumera panthaka pafupifupi iliyonse);
- Kutalika (zaka 4-5) mzere wobala zipatso.
Zosiyanasiyana, zachidziwikire, sizili ndi zolakwika:
- chizolowezi chodwala ndi zowola komanso zofiirira nthawi yonyowa kwambiri (koma pafupifupi kuposa mitundu ina);
- kufuna kuthirira (apo ayi pali kuchepa kwamitundu ndi kuwonongeka pakoma kwa zipatso);
- zokolola zochepetsedwa mu nyengo yotentha - anapatsidwa kuti Florence amapanga thumba losunga mazira ndipo limacha pambuyo pake kuposa mitundu ina, izi sitiroberi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kutentha.
Kanema: Fodya wa sitiroberi wakunda
Zambiri zodzala ndi chisamaliro
Kupeza zokolola zazikulu zimadalira kwathunthu kubzala ndi chisamaliro.
Mfundo zokulitsa
Nthawi yabwino yodzala mbande za sitiroberi imawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo loyamba la Seputembala, ngakhale nthawi yake ikhoza kukhala yosiyanasiyana madera osiyanasiyana ku Russia. Kutentha nyengo, koyambirira muyenera kumaliza kukwera. Chinthu chachikulu ndikukhala ndi nthawi yochita izi mwezi umodzi chisanu chisanayambe. Tchire limamera bwino ndipo limayamba kutulutsa nthawi yomweyo masika. Mu nthawi yamasika mutha kubzanso, koma osatha kudalira chaka choyamba. Kuphatikiza apo, mbande zazing'ono zimafunikira kuphimbidwa chifukwa cha chisanu chamadzulo. M'nyengo yonse ya masika ndi nthawi yophukira, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti mizu yabwino kwambiri ya mbande imayamba pa kutentha +1515 C (kutentha kwa mpweya + 15 ... +20 ° C). Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa mokwanira.
Mbande za Strawberry zimalekerera kubzala mosavuta ngati zibzalidwe patsiku lamvula kapena mvula.
Malo a sitiroberi muyenera kusankha dzuwa, kwambiri, mulitali. Popanda kuwala, zipatsozo zimakhala zowawasa. Kwambiri bwino, sitiroberi amakula pamchenga wamchenga. Dothi louma ndiloyeneleranso ngati zochuluka zachilengedwe zimawonjezeredwa. Simungathe kukhala ndi mabedi a sitiroberi m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chokhazikika - izi zimatha kuwola zipatso.
Mbande za Strawberry Ziyenera Kukhala Zathanzi, Zokhala Ndi Dongosolo Losazizira
Ndikofunika kugula mbande zokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa. Mukatenga mbewu yokhala ndi mizu yotseguka, yang'anani mwatcheru mkhalidwe wawo: mbande zokhala ndi mizu yowuma sizizika mizu.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi kuyenera kuchitika masiku 25-30 musanabzike sitiroberi. Namsongole aliyense amachotsedwa pamalopo, ndowa zachiwiri za humus kapena zowola zimabweretsedwera gawo lililonse lalikulu, ndipo amakumba. Chalk kapena dolomite ufa umafunika mu dothi lokhala ndi asidi. Ngati mukufuna kulowa pamabedi, amapangika masiku 3-5 asanabzalidwe, kuti dziko lapansi likhale ndi nthawi yokwanira.
Kubzala sitiroberi ndi njira izi:
- Konzani zitsime zazikuluzikulu kuti mizu ya mbewu imakwanira momasuka (mainchesi 10-12). Chifukwa chachikulu kukula kwa chitsamba cha sitiroberi cha Florence, mtunda pakati pa mabowo uzikhala osachepera 40 cm.
- Thirani madzi ofunda pang'ono (200-300 ml) pachitsime chilichonse.
- Ikani mbande mu zitsime ndi mizu yowongoka, ikonkheni ndi dothi ndikugwirizana ndi manja anu. Malo okula (amatchedwanso mtima) ayenera kukhala pamunsi.
Mukabzala sitiroberi, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mtima uyenera kukhala pansi
- Thirirani kubzala ndi mulch lapansi mozungulira mbewuzo ndi humus kapena utuchi.
Ngati mukuyenera kubzala munyengo yotentha, chotsani masamba am'munsi, ndipo mutabzala, kuphimba mbewuzo ndi zinthu zopanda nsalu kwa sabata limodzi. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muziwaza iyo pamwamba ndi madzi.
Kanema: Kubzala sitiroberi woyenera
Kuthirira
Strawberry Florence imafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso koyenera, apo ayi zipatso zake ndizochepa ndipo zimasiya kukoma. Nyowetsani mabedi m'chilimwe azikhala pafupifupi milungu iwiri iliyonse (nyengo yotentha - kamodzi pa sabata). Asanakhale maluwa, ndikofunikira kuwaza ma sitiroberi, izi zimathandizira kukula kwa masamba. Mu Okutobala, kutsiriza komaliza kumachitika kuti akhazikitsenso.
Ngakhale kuti kulibe maluwa ndi zipatso pa sitiroberi, ndibwino kuthirira madzi ndikumwaza
Ndi kuthirira kwa sitiroberi, ku Florence ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nthaka yapakati: ndikusowa chinyezi, mtundu wa zipatso umachepa, ndipo mopitirira muyeso, mizu imatha kuvunda.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Mitundu iliyonse ya sitiroberi imayankha bwino kuvala kwapamwamba, koma Florence ndiwofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo. Popanda kuchuluka kwa feteleza, zipatsozo zimakhala zouma.
- Kuyambira chaka chachiwiri mutabzala kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, makilogalamu 3-4 / m amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka2 kompositi kapena humus, komanso mankhwala a nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu (supuni 1 nitroammophoska ndi kapu yamatabwa yopopera ndowa). Izi zimathandizira kupanga chomera ndikupanga thumba losunga mazira.
- Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chimachitika mutatenga gawo lalikulu la mbewu (kumapeto kwa Julayi). Mutha kuwonjezera yankho la zitosi za nkhuku (0,6 kg pa 10 malita a madzi) kapena yankho la supuni ziwiri za nitrophoska ndi supuni ya potaziyamu wazitsulo mumtsuko wamadzi (malita 0,4-0,5 pachitsamba chilichonse).
- M'dzinja, amapatsa kuvala kotsiriza komaliza kuchokera ku humus kapena manyowa owola kapena njira ya mullein (1: 10) ndi kuwonjezera kwa kapu ya phulusa kuti ipereke zakudya kuzomera nyengo yachisanu.
Chimodzi mwazakudya zabwino kwambiri za sitiroberi ndi zitosi za mbalame.
Kusamalira dothi
Ntchito yoyamba kasupe kusamalira mabedi a sitiroberi ndikuchotsa zinyalala ndi mulch wakale pogwiritsa ntchito fan fan. Kenako kudula kumachitika ndipo nthaka ikumasuka pakati pa mizere.
Kupalira kwotsatira ndi kumasula kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi kukathirira. Kuzama kwa kukonza m'mipata ndi 10-12 cm, ndipo pafupi ndi tchire iwo eni 2-3 cm.
Dothi lozungulira tchire liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse, makamaka kuthirira
Kusamalira mbewu
Chapakatikati, amayendera mbewu, kumasula mitima kuchokera ku dothi ndi zinyalala, ndikuwaza zigawo za mizu. Chotsani tchire zonse zakufa ndikuzisintha ndi zatsopano. Kuteteza zipatso kuti zisakhudze pansi ndi kuvunda, zimakwirira pansi pa tchire ndi udzu, singano za paini kapena zinthu zina zapadera zosakhala zofunikira.
Udzu wamtundu wachikale umalipira zipatso kuti zisakhudzane ndi dothi
Kuti muwonjezere zokolola munyengo yachilimwe, nthawi zina muyenera kudula masharubu. Muyenera kuti muwachotse asanakhwime kwambiri. Masharubu ndi ma ratchte samadulidwa ku mbewu za chiberekero. Mukatha kukolola, muyenera kuyang'ana mabedi ndikuchotsa masamba onse owuma.
Kwa nthawi yozizira, Florence amafunika pogona, popeza chisanu chake sichimalimba kwambiri. Ngati nthawi yozizira kutentha m'derali kumatsika -8 ° C, nthawi yophukira muyenera kukonzekera sitiroberi kuzizira. Kuti tichite izi, kumapeto kwa Ogasiti udzu wamabedi ndikuchotsa masamba akale, mu September, mbewu zimadulidwa ndikudyetsedwa. Zisanu zoyamba zitayamba, mutha kubzala zobzala. Gwiritsani ntchito agrofiberi kapena pezani pamwamba pa mbewu ndi udzu.
Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Strawberry Florence amalimbana ndi matenda angapo ofala (powdery mildew, mizu zowola), koma amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi kuwola imvi ndi kuwonera. Njira zodzitetezera zimatha nthawi yomweyo chisanu chisanathe.
Popewa matenda, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera njira ya Fitosporin (4 l / m2) kumadzi othirira.
Gome: Matenda, Kupewa ndi Chithandizo
| Dzina la matenda | Zizindikiro zakugonjetsedwa | Kupewa | Njira zochizira |
| Gray zowola | Zipatso zofiirira zokhala ndi zouma zimatulutsa zipatsozo, zomwe zimafalikira mwachangu. Masamba ndi ma pedunances amasandulika a bulauni ndi owuma. Zowonongeka pamera zitha kukhala 50-80%. |
|
|
| Maonekedwe a bulauni | Kukhazikika kwa matendawa kumawoneka ngati mawanga ofiira pamasamba. Amawoneka ngati timawu ta t, tili pamphepete mwa pepalalo. Pambuyo pake, mapira a spore amawonekera kumtunda wapamwamba. Zisoti za m'miyendo zikasweka, mawonekedwe amdima amaso amawoneka. Mapangidwe a impso zowola zipatso akuipiraipira. | Menyani ndi makulidwe a masinthidwe. |
|
| Mawonekedwe oyera | Masamba, nthawi zina petioles ndi pedunsey amakutidwa ndimtundu wawung'ono wofiirira kapena wofiirira. Pambuyo pake, mawanga m'masamba amasanduka oyera ndi malire ofiira, ndiye kuti malo oyera nthawi zina amatuluka. |
| Musanayambe maluwa ndikatha kukolola, utsi ndi 1% Bordeaux. |
Zithunzi Zazithunzi: Matenda a Strawberry
- Masamba okhala ndi bulauni amaoneka ngati atenthedwa.
- Gray zowola zimafalikira makamaka nyengo yanyowa
- Masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndi masamba oyera amatha, chifukwa chake, zipatso zam'munda zimachepa
Ndiosafunika kuchitira zipatso zakumwa ndi mkuwa kukonzekera nthawi zopitilira 3 pachaka, izi zimawonjezera zinthu zamkuwa m'nthaka. Zotsatira zake, masamba amakutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni ndikufa.
Kuyang'anira tizilombo
Maswiti okoma a Florence amakopa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Potengera kuyamwa ndi tizirombo touluka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Karbofos kapena decoction wa nsonga za phwetekere (2 kg of nsonga zimaphikidwa kwa maola atatu pa malita atatu a madzi, malita 5 amowonjezedwa pambuyo pozizira).
Slugs imatha kuwononga kwambiri mbewuyo pomadya zipatso ndi masamba.
Makamaka zovuta zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi ma slgs omwe amawononga zipatso zonse ndi masamba. Kulimbana nawo ndi motere:
- Patsambalo, muyenera kuyika zidutswa za mabotolo kapena mafiyisi, omwe ma slgs amatengedwa masana. Kenako amafunika kusonkhanitsidwa ndikuwonongedwa.
- Madzulo, pamene ma slgs amapita ku makama, amapukutira ndi phulusa, kuyesera kulowa matupi a tizirombo.
- Pofuna kuti musapezeke zipatso, mutha kuthira dothi pansi pa tchire la singano, zonunkhira, ndimu.
- Mankhwala obzala ndi granular chitsulo hydride, ufa wa kieselguhr kapena sulfate yachitsulo.
Kututa ndi kusunga malamulo
Kukolola kumachitika ma 8-10 nthawi ikupanga, nthawi zambiri pakatha masiku awiri kapena atatu. Zipatso zimayenera kumanidwa m'mawa pomwe mame atsika. Pakugwa mvula kapena kutentha kwambiri, kusonkhanitsa sikulimbikitsidwa. Kutola sitiroberi kuyenera kukhala mosamala, limodzi ndi phesi ndi kuyikamo mabokosi osaya.
Masamba obiriwira amapanga zovala zokoma zachilendo
Strawberry Florence ali ndi moyo wautalifufufu masiku (masiku 5-6) kuposa mitundu ina (nthawi zambiri masiku 2-3). Ngati mulibe nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mwatsopano, mutha kupanga kupanikizana, kupanikizana, compote kapena mowa. Zabwino kwambiri, zipatso za Florence zimalekerera kuzizira - mutayamba kusuntha, kukoma kwawo sikusintha.
Kanema: Kukolola kwa sitiroberi Florence
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Ine ndimakula Florence chaka choyamba kuchokera ku mbande za gulu la A + frigo. Ndidasiya kuti ibala zipatso. Mtundu wa burgundy (wofanana ndi chitumbuwa). Kukoma kwake ndikosavuta, kopanda kupindika, ndi kununkhira kwa rasipiberi). Tchiu lokha ndiwokongola: lamphamvu, lamasamba ochepa, okhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Popeza zosiyanasiyana zidachedwa, ankakonda mavu ndi akhwangwala. Ndinkakonda kukaniza matenda. Sindinakonde mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a mabulosi.
Boyton//forum.vinograd.info/showpost.php?p=894225&postcount=36
mikhalidwe yanga, a Florence achule, ngakhale mitundu yonse idakutidwa ndi Lutrasil 60. 10%
Boyton, Kamchatka Madera//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=6991
Florence wachedwa, wamkulu, amatuluka nthawi yozizira ndi masamba obiriwira mwamtheradi, samapatsa mphamvu kuvunda, koma wowawasa
Ladoga, dera la Leningrad//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=7393.0
Ubwino waukulu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Florence ndikuti nthawi yakwana. Chapakatikati, zomerazi zimayamba mochedwa kuposa mitundu inayo, maluwa amathunso nthawi ina, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti maluwa amtunduwu amatsimikizika kuti achoka mu chisanu. M'madera a dera la Leningrad, kuyamba kwa zipatso za mtundu wa Florence kumachitika pa Julayi 10 ndipo kumatha kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Palibenso mitundu ina yobala zipatso mochedwa. Zosiyanasiyana Florence zimatenga zipatso kwa masiku 10 - 15. Zipatso zoyambirira ndizazikulu komanso zazikulu kwambiri (mapasa), nthawi zina zimakhala zopanda pake. Zachuma ndizambiri. Mayendedwe ndi abwino. M'malingaliro a mabulosi ali ndi utoto wowala. Maluwa ndi onunkhira pang'ono. Kukoma kwake ndi kokoma komanso wowawasa, ndikanatanthauzira kuti ndi kwapakati.
Sirge, St. Petersburg//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=6991
Florence ndi mitundu yakucha yakucha. Mabulosi ofiira owala ndi chidwi chosangalatsa. Panalibe mabulosi ang'onoang'ono mpaka kumapeto kwa zokolola. Mabasi ndi amphamvu, mbewu zimapereka masharubu ambiri (nthawi zina zimakhala zotopetsa). Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ngati kukaniza matenda. Kuwaza sipangakhale nyengo yonyowa kwambiri. Kusunthika ndi kuthekera kwa magalimoto kumakwanira.
Svetlana (Kharkov)//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-3196.html
kusiyanasiyana ndikosavuta, koma kudwala ndikudzaza ndevu
Liarosa, Tatarstan//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1165
Mitundu iyi idachokera ku Germany mu 2006 kuchokera kwa sitiroberi wotchuka Stefan Krege. Mtundu woyenera mitundu. Makamaka mchaka choyamba ndinachita chidwi ndi maluwa akuluakulu kwambiri, motero, zipatso. Koma a Florence akufuna kuti pakhale ukadaulo waluso kwambiri, ndipo atangopezeka pagulu la Vicat, yemwe samachita zambiri, anataya mpikisano. Ndikuona kuwonekera kwakukulu kwa Florence pakuwona.Zimapangidwa tchire zazikulu, makamaka mchaka chachiwiri, ndipo ndibwino kubzala pang'ono.
Nikolay//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1165
Adalawa zipatso za Florence, adakonda kukoma ndi mawonekedwe!
Nadin Sadistka, Orenburg//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1165
Strawberry Florence adzafuna chisamaliro chokhazikika kuchokera kwa mwiniwake - Kupalira, kuvala pamwamba, kuthirira. Koma ntchito yomwe ikadalipo idzapeza phindu lochuluka la zipatso zokoma zachilendo ndi zonunkhira.
