Pakati pa zipatso zambiri, malo apadera ndi a currants ofiira. Wokhala ndi michere yambiri, chikhalidwe chamundidachi ndichokondedwa komanso chofala. Chimodzi mwamaubwino ake amakumbukiridwa kuti ndikoyamba kucha zipatso ndikupanga zipatso nthawi yayitali. Red currant ikupezeka kuti ilimidwe ngakhale kwa wamaluwa oyambira kumene. Ndikofunika kusankha zamitundu mitundu ndikupatsa mbewuyo chisamaliro chochepa, kutsatira upangiri wa odziwa zamaluwa.
Mbiri yakula
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Red Early Currant idayamba kukula mu 1963.
Mitundu ya Red Red idayamba kalekale ku Russia
Kuyambira 1974, yakhala ikuphatikizidwa mu State Record of Kukulitsa Zowonjezera. Zosiyanasiyana zidalimbikitsidwa kuti zikulidwe mu zigawo zinayi: East Siberian, Central, Central Black Earth ndi Volga-Vyatka. Pazaka pafupifupi makumi asanu za mbiriyakale, adalandira mafani ambiri ndipo sanataye kutchuka.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a mitunduyo
Tchire la Red oyambirira limasiyana pang'ono ndi tchire ofiira ofiira. Komabe ilinso ndi zina. Nayi mfundo zazikulu:
- Chomera sichikhala chachitali, chikamakula sichimakula. Kufalikira tchire kumakhalabe kwofananira. Mphukira zazing'ono zimatulutsa nthambi zina. Nthawi zambiri samakhala opindika, osati wandiweyani komanso wopanda pubescence. Akula, amakhala ndi ubweya wa bulauni, koma amakhalabe wokhazikika. Masamba pa nthambi amapezeka mosiyanasiyana. Ang'ono, ovoid okhala ndi nsonga yowoneka, ya utoto wamafuta, amapanikizika ndi thunthu.
- Chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi masamba opukutidwa a kuwala kobiriwira. Amakhala ndi nthambi zitatu mpaka zisanu, ndipo malekezero ake ndi okutidwa ndi mano ang'ono ndi chopepuka. Tsamba lomwe lili pakati pa tsamba ndilokulirapo kuposa loumbika, lathyathyathya komanso lachikopa. Pamwamba pake amaphimbidwa ndi mitsempha yomwe ili pakona yolondola kumunsi. Petiole ndi yaying'ono, yosalala. Pamalo omwe amalumikizana ndi pepalali pali cholembera chozungulira.
- Maburashi okhala ndi zipatso ndiwotalika, amatha kufikira masentimita 11. Pamaso amtundu wa bulauni pali maluwa ang'onoang'ono a saucer. Mtundu wa pamakhala amtundu wachikasu. Ziphuphu ndizowongoka pakati, zopezeka mwaulere.
- Ngakhale zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono (kuyambira 0,6 mpaka 0,11 g), zimawoneka ngati kununkhira bwino komanso mtundu wowala. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi lumpiness mu burashi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa mzere wa zipatso kuchokera kumunsi kwa burashi kupita pamwamba. Mukakolola, siyani kupatukana. Mkati mwa zipatsozo mumakhala mavuvu ochepa.
Chomera chaching'ono komanso chophatikizika chomwe chimabala zipatso zokongola ndi zipatso zazing'ono zamtundu wowala
Feature
Kuchulukana kwa ma currant ofiira koyambirira kumachitika chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi ndi mitundu yakucha yakucha. Ndiwodzilimbitsa, ndiye kuti, sikofunikira chomera chowonjezera kuti chimere. Amadziwika ndi kukana kwambiri chisanu chisanu, kulekerera kowonda komanso kotenga nthawi yayitali mpaka -30 madigiri.
Tizirombo tambiri komanso matenda a Redcurrant si owopsa. Monga tawonera alimi omwe akhala akulima zamtunduwu zaka zingapo pamalopo, tchire silifunikira kukonzanso kowonjezera kuti muteteze. Oyambitsa amatcha zilonda "currant" ziwiri zokha, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi Red Red - anthracnose ndi powdery hlobo.
Mitundu yofiyira yoyambirira imapereka zokolola zambiri, mpaka 8 makilogalamu pachitsamba chimodzi
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera pachitsamba chimodzi, mutha kusonkhanitsa zipatso zosakwana ma kilogalamu 8. Ndikulima kwa mafakitale, zokolola zimachokera ku matani 12 pa hekitala iliyonse komanso pamwamba. Zipatso zimalekerera mayendedwe ndi kusungidwa. Ngakhale zipatso zakupsa ndizabwino. Zokolola zapanthawi yake nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira kupanikizana, ma compotes, jams ndi marmalade. Imasungidwa bwino nthawi yozizira. Wamaluwa amangoyitanitsa imodzi - kupezeka kwa zipatso mu burashi.
Zowongolera
Red currant sikuchepa dothi ndikusiya. Koma kukolola kochulukirapo kungayembekezeredwe pokhapokha kuvala zovala zowonjezera.
Chofunika: Olima ayenera kulingalira kuti mabisiketi opanga zipatso amapangidwa kumapeto kwa zophuka zapachaka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amafunika kupulumutsidwa mukamabzala.
Zaka za nthambi zimaganiziridwa kuyambira chaka cha mawonekedwe awo. Chilimwe choyamba cha kukula kwawo ndi chaka cha zero. Kukula kwapachaka ndi nthambi zomwe zidamera mchilimwe cham'mbuyomu. Ndiwo gwero lalikulu la kapangidwe ka mbewu, yokutidwa ndi masamba ndi zipatso. Nthawi ya zipatso ndiyambira zaka 4 mpaka 6. Nthambi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zimachepetsa zokolola, chifukwa chake zimayenera kuchotsedwa pakukonzanso chitsamba.
Kukula pachaka - nthambi zomwe zimatsimikizira kupangika kwa mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi zaka 4-6
Kukonzekera malo omwe akutsikira
Malo omwe adzagwiritsidwe mtsogolo mwa Red Early amakonzedwa mwezi umodzi ndi theka mpaka miyezi iwiri. Mwanjira yofulumira - masabata atatu pasadakhale. Madera kapena malo osefukira ndi akasupe amadzi osaya (mpaka 1.5 m) pansi pa nthaka yopezeka ndi ma currants sikuyenera. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kupanga chitunda chokumbira.
Kukonzekera mmera
Mukamasankha mmera kulabadira mizu. Iyenera kukhala ndi njira ziwiri zazikulu ndi zina zowonjezera. Kutalika kwa mizu sikuyenera kukhala kosachepera 50 cm.Gawo lam'mwambalo liyenera kukhala lalitali chimodzimodzi ndipo lisawonongeke.
Yokani wowawasa kusankha bwino mbande
Mmera wakonzedwa motere:
- Malangizo a mizu amadulidwa, mpaka masamba 6 amasiyidwa panthambi.
- Gawo lamkati limamizidwa kwa maola atatu m'madzi oyera, kenako ndikuviika mu dothi lapadera (chisakanizo cha dothi labwino ndi dongo ndi madzi, ndikubweretsa kusasinthika kwa kirimu wowawasa wowawasa).
- Gawo la mlengalenga limamasulidwa pamasamba ndikufupikitsidwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika.
Kubzala kwa currant
Ma currants ofiira oyambirira amakonda nthaka yopepuka ndi malo owala bwino. Kuti mubzale chitsamba, muyenera dzenje la kiyubiki pafupifupi 40:40:40 cm.
- Humus (zidebe za 1-2), phulusa la nkhuni (ngati galasi) limathiridwa m'dzenje.
- Ndipo onjezani superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate 20-40 g.
- Mtunda pakati pa mbewu ndi wamtunda mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka, koma osati pafupi 1 mita.
- Mmera umalowetsedwa mu dzenje lokonzekera madigiri 45 ndipo umakutidwa ndi lapansi.
Mmera umayikidwa dzenje pamlingo wa madigiri 45
- Dothi liyenera kuponderezedwa mosamala kuti matumba amlengalenga asapangidwe.
Nthaka iyenera kuponderezedwa nthawi yobzala pofuna kupewa kupanga matumba amlengalenga
- Mukabzala mbewuyo, khosi la muzu limakulitsidwa ndi 8-10 cm ndikuthirira madzi ambiri (mpaka ndowa imodzi).
- Madziwo kuti asatumphukire, nthaka yake imapangidwa mozungulira mmera.
- Pamwamba pa dzenje mutathilira ndi mulchi ndi utuchi kapena peat.
Nthawi yobzala ya currant ndiyotheka koyambirira kwamasika kapena yophukira. Omwe alimi adzaona sabata yomaliza ya Ogasiti - sabata loyamba la Seputembala kukhala nthawi yoyenera kwambiri kuchita izi.
Kanema: Kubzala koyenera kwa ma redcurrant odulidwa
Kukula Zinthu
Tchire la currant ndilofunika osati kuti likule, liyenera kupatsa zipatso. Izi zimafuna kuthirira, kudyetsa ndi kusungitsa nyengo yachisanu.
Kuthirira
Pokhala osakhalapo kwa nyengo yayitali, wogwirizira amafunika kuthiririra. Ngakhale Red Yoyamba imalekerera chilala mosavuta, kuthirira katatu ndikofunikira kwa iye.
- pambuyo maluwa, mu mabulosi mapangidwe - m'ma June;
- mutakolola, pakati pa Ogasiti;
- kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu - koyambira kwa Okutobala.
Chitsamba cha currant chimafunika kuthirira katatu pachaka
Kuti ikhalebe chinyezi, kuthirira kulikonse kumamalizidwa ndikumasulidwa ndi kuyereketsa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Nthaka yomwe redcurrant imakula imatha chaka chilichonse. Kusamalira tchire, kudyetsa pachaka ndikofunikira. Ndikokwanira kuwonjezera michere katatu pansi pa chomera chilichonse:
- mu kasupe - nthawi yomweyo mmera ukadzuka ndipo maluwa atatha, 50 g wa urea amayamba;
- M'chilimwe - maluwa atatsirizika ndipo masabata awiri zipatso zisanakhwime, zimadyetsedwa ndi mullein. Pachitsamba, mumafunikira theka la ndowa ya mullein mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 4. Mutha kulowetsa m'malovu mbalame, ndiye kuti ziwonetserozo zidzakhala 1:20;
- mu kugwa - mpaka 10 makilogalamu a kompositi, 100 g wa potaziyamu sulphide ndi superphosphate zimagawidwa pansi pa chitsamba, kumasula nthaka, kuthirira ndi mulch dera lonse pansi pa korona. Ntchito zoterezi zitha kuchitika mchaka chimodzi.
Pogona nyengo yachisanu
Kuzizira kwadzidzidzi, nyengo yamapiri kapena nyengo yamkuntho imatha kubweretsa kuzizira kwa ma currants ofiira. Ngakhale Red Early imasiyana mu chisanu chokana, ndikofunikira kukhala otetezeka ndikuphimba tchire.
- Choyamba, amafukula pansi pamtengowo kuchokera masamba ogwa ndikutsegula mpaka pakuya masentimita 12.
- Mphukira zimakanikizidwa pansi mothandizidwa ndi matabwa komanso yokutidwa ndi zokutira kapena nthambi za spruce.
Pogona panthawi yake kudzathandiza kupulumuka nyengo yozizira yozizira
- Chifukwa chosowa chipale chofewa, amapanga okha chipewa chofewa.
- Mutha kuzichita mosiyanasiyana: mangani mphukira ndikuzikulunga ndi chivundikiro chilichonse chamunda. Pambuyo pakuwoneka chipale chofewa, pangani chopanda chipale chofewa pamwamba pa cocoon.
Ma Bush mapangidwe
Chomera chilichonse chimachitika:
- Chotsani mphukira zodwala, zosweka ndi zofowoka;
- kudula nthambi zomwe zaka zake zimaposa zaka 7;
- chaka chilichonse amayesetsa kuti asakhudze nthambi, chifukwa ndiye maziko okolola zam'tsogolo.
Pochotsa ndikusinthira chitsamba, kuchuluka kofunikira (nthawi zambiri kosaposa 5) kwa mizu kumasungidwa. Wina aliyense wosadukiza.
Chofunika: kudulira kumachitika mukangotola zipatso. Pakadali pano, zolakwika zonse zomwe zimafunikira kuthana ndizowoneka bwino.
Kanema: kukonza, kubzala ndi kutulutsa chitsamba
Kututa
Kukolola zipatso kumachitika m'magawo angapo, pomwe maburashi amacha. Red currants zipse pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimakulitsa nthawi yakudya zipatso kucha kuchokera pachitsamba.
Zipatso zofiira za currant zimasankhidwa ndi sprig
Maburashi okwanira sakutaya zipatso, kupitiriza kukhalabe mawonekedwe osangalatsa komanso kuyenera kudya ndi kukonza. Sanakolole aliyense zipatso, koma muchotse burashi lonse.
Kanema: Kutola ndi kusunga zipatso
Ndemanga
Wamaluwa ali okonzeka kugawana nzeru zawo pakukula Redcurrant ndikupereka upangiri. Izi ndi zomwe akunena.
Mitundu Yofiirira kumayambiriro ndi Shuga (mochedwa) - osati wowawasa. Red Red ili ndi zokolola zamisala, mabulosiwo ndi akulu, okoma.
Chingwe//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=528285
Mwa ma currants ofiira, pali mitundu iwiri yokha, yomwe idapangidwa zaka zambiri zapitazo ndi mtundu wathu wotchuka wa smolyaninova - Shuga ndi Red Early, yomwe imatha kudya popanda kuwononga, mitundu ina yonse imakhala ndi kukoma kwambiri kwa skew molowera acid
Fatmax//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?start=690&t=1277
About Red Early ndidamvanso zambiri. Mitundu yakucha yakucha yomwe imapezeka ku WSTISP kuchokera kudutsa mitundu Chulkovskaya ndi Laturnays. Olemba: N.K. Smolyaninova, A.P. Nitochkina. Kuyambira 1974, yaphatikizidwa mu State Record of zokwaniritsa zovomerezeka zogwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera a Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Chernozem, ndi East Siberian. Zosiyanasiyana ndizodzala zokha, kutulutsa 12.0 t / ha (3,3 kg / chitsamba), Hardy Hardy, yodziwika ndi kukana kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Ubwino wazipatso: kupsa koyambirira, kukoma zipatso za zipatso. Zoyipa zamitundu mitundu: kusangalala mu burashi.
Chopper//sib-sad.info/forum/index.php/topic/2435-anuelD1anuel86anuelD0 EarB2 koloD0%B5anuelD1 Ear82anuelD0 EarBDanuelD0%B0anuelD1anuel8F-anuelD1 Ear 81% D0% BC% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B0 /
Pazakudya zatsopano, Mitundu Yoyambilira Yamakoma imakoma kwambiri zipatso zazikuluzikulu, koma zimakhudzidwa ndi Powawa.
MarinaM//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t12148-50.html
Kukula ma currants ofiira kumatanthauza kupatsa banja lanu zipatso zabwino monga mankhwala. Mapulogalamu ofiira oyambilira amakhala athanzi, okoma, osavuta kubzala ndipo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kubweranso pachaka kukolola kambiri. Chikhalidwe chosasinthika komanso chokhazikika sichikhala pachabe malo m'minda ya olimi a Russia kwa nthawi yayitali.
