Nasturtium - therere ndi mitundu yowala. Nasturtium kumudzi kwawo - South ndi Central America. M'chilengedwe, mitundu yoposa zana ndi mitundu ya mbewuyi imadziwika.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya nasturtium
Mitundu yotsatirayi ndi yotchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa: Canary Nasturtium amawoneka ngati mpesa, wakhala akufika mamita anayi m'litali. Chomeracho chimamera mu June ndipo chimamasula mpaka December. Maluwa ake ndi a chikasu chowala, chofanana ndi mbalame.
Big nasturtium - Ndi shrub ndi masamba akulu mu mawonekedwe a chishango, ndipo nthawi yayitali imakula kufika mamita atatu. Amamasula kuchokera pakati pa chilimwe mpaka November.
Nasturtium. Dzina limalankhula lokha - kukula kwake kwa maluwa sikuposa 3 masentimita, zimayambira mpaka 35 cm.
Chiwonetsero cha Shchitonosny. Mphukira za mitunduyi imakula mpaka mamita 4. Mphunoyi imaphulika mu June ndi maluwa ofiira ofiira.
Chikhalidwe cha Nasturtium anapeza mwa kudutsa zikuluzikulu ndi zishango, nthawi zina zokwawa ndi zazing'ono.
Mitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri mwa mtundu ndi kuwala:
"Vesuvius" - shrub zosiyanasiyana, maluwa okongola a coral, nthawi zina mtundu umatembenukira ku lalanje, wofiira kwambiri pamphuno.
"Usana ndi usiku" - low shrub. Maluwawo ndi okoma ndi ofiira, makamaka amaoneka okongola motsatira maziko a masamba okongola.
"Cherry Rose". Maluwa a Terry, ojambula ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira, wotembenukira mu chimanga chofiira.
"Terry kusakaniza". Maluwa a terry, ali ndi mithunzi yonse yonyezimira komanso yofiira komanso yofiira. Shrub imakula mpaka theka la mita mamita.
Alaska. Masamba a mtundu uwu wa marble ndi wobiriwira. Mtundu wa pakhosi ndi wachikasu, lalanje ndi wofiira.
"Yeti". Mphukira za nasturtium imakula kufika mamita awiri m'litali. Maluwawo ndi oyera ndi oyera omwe amawathira chikasu pakati pa petal.
Mukudziwa? Ku America ya nyengo yoyamba ya ku Columbian, mafuko a Amwenye a ku Peru ndi Chile anagwiritsa ntchito ndi kukweza nasturtium chakudya. Awa anali mitundu yosatha ya tsamba lopanda matumbo komanso tsamba lopepuka.
Kulima ndi kusamalira
Mu nyengo yathu, nasturtium imakula ngati chomera chaka chilichonse. Musachedwe kukafesa mbewu za nasturtium, mwamsanga masika atabwera. Spring chisanu si zachilendo nyengo yathu, ndipo mbande za zomera zokonda kutentha sizidzapulumuka. Ndi bwino kudzala mbande za nasturtium mu April.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo oti abwerere nasturtium ndi malo ounikira
Nasturtium imakonda kuwala, kutentha ndipo silingalole kutentha kwakukulu. Choncho, sankhani chiwembu pansi pa dzuwa kapena penumbra yowala, ndi malo okhala pakhomo - izi ndi malo abwino kwambiri chodzala nasturtium m'dzikoli. Kwa mpesa wakukwera palifunikira thandizo, lomwe limamangiriza, mwachitsanzo, mpanda, mpanda, khoma lazitsulo.
Kukonzekera nthaka yobzala
Kwa nasturtium, kukhalapo pansi kwa kuchuluka kwa organic feteleza, makamaka mwatsopano manyowa, ndi osafunika. Pa nthaka yosauka, yopanda kulima ya nasturtium maluwa, sitingakhoze kuyembekezera, ngakhale tsamba la tsamba lidzakhala losavuta komanso losawerengeka. Nthaka yolimba ya dongo siyenso. Nasturtium ili ndi mizu yeniyeni, choncho njira yabwino kwambiri ndi yowonjezera, nthaka yowonjezereka bwino ndi madzi abwino. Pofuna kusintha maonekedwe a granulometric, dulani mchenga.
Kumwamba, kuvala ndi kupalira
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa nasturtiums mulibe zovuta zambiri maphikidwe. Kudyetsa zomera ndizoyenera kudya potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Choyenera - superphosphate, kuchepetsedwa m'madzi. Ngakhale fetereza iyi ndi yovuta kuchepetsa, koma mu mawonekedwewa nasturtium imatenga bwino. Manyowa omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni angapo ali oyenerera. Kuwaza feteleza kumalimbikitsa kamodzi pa mwezi.
Munthu wamkulu amakula amasankha mozama kuthirira, ndipo achinyamata amawombera - mobwerezabwereza. Pambuyo pa nasturtium limamasula, imayenera kuthirira pokhapokha nthaka ikauma. Onetsetsani kuti pali udzu wozungulira udzu, kotero mutulutse nthaka, mukuyikamo ndi oxygen, ndi nasturtium yaufulu kuchokera kumsongole.
Zosangalatsa M'zaka za m'ma 1600, European akuphika, osamvetsetsa zomwe nasturtium ali, adatcha dzina - "Indian watercress", chifukwa ali ofanana mofanana.
Mitundu yobereketsa
Nasturtium imachulukitsa mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kukongola pamaso pa wamaluwa. Mmerawo ukhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu, mmera ndi kumtumikizanitsa.
Kubalana mbewu
Kuti akwaniritse oyambirira maluwa, nasturtium kukula mmera njira. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito makapu a peat. Mu makapu anafesedwa mbewu nandolo zingapo mu galasi limodzi, mpaka pang'ono. Kutentha kumene mbewu zikudikirira kubzala ndi 20-22 ºC.
Mbewu yamasiku
Mbewu yofesedwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Kuwombera kumawoneka mkati mwa masabata awiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndiko kuyatsa bwino.
Maganizo a kubzala mbande pansi
Mu nthaka kukula mbande obzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa June.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa cha mizu yofooka ya chomeracho, idabzalidwa pamodzi ndi nsalu yotchedwa earthy, osati kuthamanga.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Lingalirani momwe mungamere nasturtium kuchokera ku mbewu. Musanayambe kubzala mbewu ayenera kulowera. Pambuyo pofuula, bzalani mu njira yodyetsa: mbeu zingapo mu dzenje, pamtunda wa masentimita 30. Mu masabata awiri, mphukira zoyamba ziziwonekera. Pamene mbande sizinapereke maluwa oyambirira, ayenera kudyetsedwa katatu pa mwezi. Tsiku lofika
M'nthaka yotseguka, mbewu zikhoza kufesedwa mu Meyi. Ngati mukufuna kuti maluwa aziphuka asanadzalemo, tsanulirani madzi otentha panthaka.
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Kudula kwa nasturtium sikuli kovuta. Cuttings imachokera mofanana bwino m'madzi ndi m'nthaka. Olima munda amagwiritsira ntchito njira iyi pamene akuswana mitundu ya zomera za terry. Nasturtium idzakhala yosatha, pansi pa nyengo yozizira pakhomo. M'chaka mungathe kuzilemba. Dulani phesi pambali ndikuiyika m'madzi kapena mumsanganizo ndi mchenga. Pamene mizu, ngati nyengo imalola, ndi cuttings obzalidwa pa lotseguka pansi.
Kodi ndi nthawi iti yosonkhanitsa mbewu?
Mbewu za nasturtium zipsa potsiriza pamwezi ndi hafu, zitatha kutsanulira pamakhala. Mbewu ili ndi mpweya wotetezera. Ngati simukusowa mbewu zambiri kuti mubzalitse nasturtium, ndiye muthe maluwawo atengepo, kotero mutenge nthawi ya maluwa.
Chenjerani! Nkosafunika kuti mbewu ziphuke pansi. Mitundu yawo ikadakhala yobiriwira, imachotsedwa ku pedicle.
Mbeu zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa zimapangidwa pa pepala kuti zinyamule kutentha. Mtundu wokhawo wa nasturtium, umene mbewu zake zimakololedwabe zobiriwira, ndizopangidwira. Mbeu zake zouma bwino.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi njira zolimbana nazo
Chakumwa chokhacho chimayambitsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku nasturtium, koma nthawizina imayimbana ndi zomerazo. Pofuna kuthana ndi kabichi njuchi ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mukhoza kuwaza zomera ndi phulusa wamba. Popeza nasturtium phulusa sichivulaza, ndondomekoyi ikhoza kubwerezedwa pofuna kupewa. Kupopera mankhwala ndi mowa 96% kumathandiza kuchokera ku kangaude, muyenera kupopera nthaka ndi mphika ngati chomera chikuyimitsidwa.
Kuwonjezera pa tizirombo, nasturtium ndi matenda si inshuwalansi. Mukawona kuti masamba amafota ndikukhala ndi mawanga okayikitsa, zomerazo zikudwala.
Pofuna kuthana ndi mavairasi, m'pofunika kuchotsa masamba omwe akukhudzidwa, kuti athetse njira zosiyanasiyana. Mankhwala amatha kukhala mankhwala komanso mabakiteriya omwe amawoneka. Zotsatirazi ndizopambana chifukwa sizivulaza anthu ndi zinyama, komanso tizilombo topindulitsa.
Zothandiza za nasturtium
Nasturtium imakhala ndi acorbic acid ambiri, yomwe imathandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi kuteteza chimfine. Chomeracho chili ndi sulfa ndi carotene, zothandiza pa matenda okalamba monga sclerosis. Potaziyamu, ayodini ndi phosphorous zimayambitsa njira zamagetsi, zimalimbitsa chitetezo cha thupi, ndi kupha mabakiteriya. Chifukwa cha mbewu zomwe zimayambitsa maantibayotiki, nasturtium imathandiza ndi chimfine, bronchitis ndi matenda ena a m'mwamba ndi mapapu.
Nasturtium imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga miyala mu impso ndi ndulu, ndi kutupa kwa maselo a mitsempha, kupweteka, chikazi ndi chimake. Decoction imathandiza ndi stomatitis ndi pakhosi. Mankhwala a madzi a matenda a khungu. Mu cosmetology motsutsa tsitsi lowonongeka ntchito masamba a madzi ndi mowa tincture ndi nasturtium ndi nettle.
Mitundu yonse ndi mitundu ya nasturtium, kupatula zokongoletsera m'munda wokhala ndi zofiira zamitundu, zimakhala zothandiza. Mpweya wapadera umatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo ndikuyambitsa tizilombo towononga mbewu za m'munda ndi munda.
