Mitundu ya mphesa zoyambirira kumadera osiyanasiyana: momwe mungasankhire zoyenera

Kuyambira kale, mpesa umadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro cha chonde ndi chuma. Mitundu ya mphesa yakuda imakulidwa kuti ipange vin ndi ma cognacs, mitundu ya mphesa zokhala ndi zipatso zoyera - iyi ndi chakudya chodabwitsa, chomwe popanda phwando limodzi sichingachite. Koma kupindula kwakukulu kwa kusankha mphesa kumayesedwa koyenera kutuluka kwa mitundu yoyambirira komanso yoyambirira, imakulidwa kumwera komanso m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, ku Urals ndi Transbaikalia. Ngati mungadziwane ndi agrotechnics a chikhalidwe cha thermophilic ndikusankha zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakwaniritsa nyengo ya dera, ndiye kuti pakati pa chilimwe mutha kukolola bwino.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mphesa zoyambirira zomwe zili ndi kufotokoza ndi mawonekedwe

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mphesa zokhala ndi zipatso ndi nthawi yakucha ya masiku 100-110, pakati pawo pali mitundu yosiyaniratu, zipatso zomwe zakonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pa miyezi itatu kuyambira pakutsegulira masamba oyamba. Kuchokera kuzomwe amkapangira vinyo masiku ano, titha kuwerengetsa kuti mitundu yotere ya mipesa imakhwima osati kumwera kokha, komanso kum'mwera kwa dziko lathu. Chofunikira ndikusankha kubzala, poganizira za chikhalidwe, nyengo ndi nthaka.

Oyambirira tebulo mphesa

Mitundu ya mphesa, yakucha kale kuposa ena, imayamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa chakukula msanga komanso kuwonjezeka kwa chitetezo chokwanira cha matenda ambiri a fungus omwe amasintha kutentha. Nthawi zambiri, "mbalame" zoyambirira zamphesa m'munda wamphesa ndizowonjezerapo zowonjezereka ndi zapakhomo zomwe zapezeka zaka zaposachedwa.

Mitundu ya mphesa zoyambirira zimabzalidwa kumadera akumwera komanso kumpoto chifukwa imakhala ndi nthawi yakucha ndikuphatikiza shuga wokwanira miyezi itatu ndi itatu kuyambira pomwe masamba ayamba kufikira zipatso zitakhwima. Kwa kanthawi kochepa chonchi, mutha kupeza zambiri, komanso zokoma, zokolola za mphesa pokhapokha mawonekedwe a mphesa amasankhidwa malinga ndi nthawi yakucha ndikuthana ndi nyengo yam'maderawo. Kulima zipatso kufalikira ku Far East ndi Siberia chifukwa cha mitundu ya mphesa zoyambira kwambiri.

Mitundu ya mphesa zoyambirira zimapezeka masiku ano m'munda uliwonse.

Ultra oyambirira tebulo mitundu

Imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mphesa - Codrianka kapena matsenga akuda - ndi wosakanizidwa, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kudutsa mitundu iwiri ya makolo: Marshall ndi Moldova. Amasamba mu masiku 105-115. Mpesa nthawi imeneyi umatha kukhwima mokwanira, ndipo masango amatenga kulemera ndi kutsekemera. Chitsamba chokulirapo cha Kodryanka chadzaza pa mphukira 18-20. Chomera chimafuna kudulira mwachidule. Ultra-oyambirira wosakanizidwa amadziwika ndi kupulumuka kwakukulu, kukana chisanu chamvula ndi chilala cha chilimwe. Choyambirira choyamba chimapezedwa pa chaka cha 2-3 mutabzala: masango akulemera kuchoka pa 600 g mpaka 1000 g, zipatsozo ndizitali, zofiirira zakuda, zabuluu, crunchy, zimakhala ndi mbewu za 2-4. Kuchuluka kwa shuga mpaka 19%, ndi acidity ya 6-7 g / l. Kukana matenda oyamba ndi fungus komanso kugonja kofooka ndi tizilombo kumakakamiza opanga vinyo kuti asankhe wosakanizidwa.

Kutengera nyengo nyengo, mitunduyo imakonda kusweka. Chomera sichikuchepetsa ulimi wothirira komanso kuvala pamwamba, koma osazizira popanda pogona (makamaka kumpoto kwa dzikolo).

Ultra-oyambirira mphesa Kodryanka

Mphesa za Harold patebulo zimapezeka ndi asayansi aku Russia ochokera ku Novocherkassk podutsa chilimwe Muscat ndi mitundu ya mphesa ya Arkady, dzina la 1-12. Zophatikiza ndi chipale chofewa chimadziwika ndi kucha koyambirira - masiku 90-105. Tchire lalitali limafuna kudulira komanso kudulira pafupipafupi kuti lisadzaze chitsamba. Maluwa a bisexual hybrid amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pollinator.

Harold ali ndi masango owoneka bwino okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, kuyambira 500 mpaka 800 g iliyonse. Zipatso ndizochepa, zazitali, zobiriwira zopepuka ndi ma amber tint mu kukhwima (kulemera kwa 5-7 g), pali mbewu 1-3. Mulingo wa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi 20%, acidity ndi 5 g / l. Zipatso za Harold zimapanga vinyo wabwino kwambiri wa muscat, ndipo zipatso zatsopano ndizoyenera mchere komanso ma compotes. Mphesa zamtunduwu zimalekerera mayendedwe bwino, sizinkhomera komanso sizimasuka.

Mmodzi mwa mitundu yoyambirira - Harold mphesa

Mphesa zoyambirira za tebulo la Russia zimapezeka podutsa Chasla pink, Kumpoto ndi Michurinets. Wosakanizidwa ndi wamtali, wokhala ndi chitsa ndipo amapangika pa trellis. Chimakhazikika mwamtendere komanso molawirira, chimagwirizana chisanu mpaka -23 ° C. Nthawi yokhwima - masiku 105-115. Masango ndi ang'ono, apakati pakachulukidwe, otalika, kulemera kwa 300-500 g. Zipatsozo ndizazungulira, zapinki zakuda ndi zotsekemera zabwino, za grisp (8-10 g). Shuga wambiri wazipatso - 21%, acidity 6-7 g / l.

Zomera ndizochulukirapo, zimawonekera kwa zaka 3-4. Koma chomera chachikulu chimapereka chokhazikika kwa zaka zambiri. Mphesa ndizochulukirapo ndipo zimalekerera kusintha kwakuthwa mu kutentha. Amalimbana kwambiri ndi zowola komanso fungal matenda, osakwanira kuthirira zipatso osweka ndipo akuwonongeka ma mavu ndi nyerere.

Mphesa zoyambirira-zoyambirira za Russia zoyambirira

Zosiyanasiyana zimabala zipatso kwa zaka zingapo osapangidwa, kukonza ndi pogona nyengo yozizira ku Central Black Dothi la gazebo. Mphesa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukolola kwabwino - mpaka 25 makilogalamu pachitsamba, zomwe zimangobwezera m'mbuyo ndikuti sizitha kupirira kuukira kwa mavu ndi nyerere. Kwa vinyo, ndikofunikira kusankha zipatso zokhwima kwambiri komanso zowala (zowoneka bwino), apo ayi zakumwa zimapweteketsa ndi acidize.

Mtundu wina wa mpesa udawonekera posachedwa, koma ukuyamba kutchuka tsiku lililonse - mitundu ya Gourmet. Wophatikiza udabadwa woweta Viktor Nikolayevich Krainov pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo podutsa mitundu ya Kishmish ndi Talisman. Maluwa pachomera chamtundu wachikazi. Gourmet woyamba amatulutsa pinki yofewa, zipatso zowotcha zolemera magalamu 8-10 ndi khungu lolimba. Alimi ambiri amakono amakonda kwambiri mphesa chifukwa cha zojambula zake zazing'ono komanso zamaluwa. Zipatso zimakhala ndi 16% dzuwa ndi 5 g / l acid. Magulu a mawonekedwe a cylindrical amalemera mpaka 1300 g, kuchokera ku chitsamba amalandira 8-10 makilogalamu. Kututa kuchokera pakati pautali mphesa Gourmet yokolola kumapeto kwa Julayi, nthawi yakucha ya zipatso kuyambira masiku 105 mpaka 115. Mphesa zamtunduwu zimasungidwa m'zipinda zozizirirapo kutentha mpaka +10 ° C kwa miyezi yopitilira 6. Wophatikiza amafunikira njira zochiritsira yolimbana ndi powdery mildew ndi imvi zowola, kudyetsa pafupipafupi ndi michere ndi mchere.

Poyamba kucha mphesa zosiyanasiyana Gourmet

Gome: mitundu ya mphesa yoyambirira-yoyambirira ndi mafotokozedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Ultra-Oyambirira Mphesa Zosiyanasiyana

Mitundu ya mphesa zakuda za tebulo lakumwamba ndi mafotokozedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Mphesa wokhala ndi zipatso zakuda nthawi zonse zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha fungo lake labwino, kukoma kwake kwabwino komanso mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Zipatso zofiira ndi zabuluu zamapsa zoyambirira zimakhala zabwino kwa vin, ma compotes ndi jams. Mwa mitundu yambiri yoyambirira, mitundu yosavomerezeka ndi chisanu ndiyotchuka kwambiri.

Mitundu yoyambirira ya mphesa yapinki imasiyanitsidwa ndi ma pinki owala bwino (mawonekedwe opsa - rasipiberi-ofiira) omwe ali ndi kukoma kosawoneka bwino. Mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa zamtundu wa mphesa zokhala ndi zipatso zofiira ndi zakuda zidapangidwa. Mitundu iyi imaphatikizapo mitundu yosinthira, ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kulumikizidwa. Masamba pa masiku 110-115 patatha masamba atatseguka. Amayamba kuzika mizu mwachangu, kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kochepa ndipo kumatengera nthaka. Zipatso ndi pinki ndi tint yofiirira, yowutsa mudyo, onunkhira, masango ndi makulidwe, kutalika, kupeza 1.5 kg aliyense. Kusintha kumakula m'madera ambiri m'dziko lathu ndipo timakonda mitundu yosiyanasiyana chifukwa chokana matenda komanso kukolola zochuluka.

Kucha mphesa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana Kusintha kwa zipatso zapinki

Woyamba kucha Black Cherry wosakanizidwa, opangidwa ndi obereketsa aku Ukraine, amakula mkati mwa Julayi. Zipatso zake ndi zofiirira zakuda, zazikulu, zokhala ndi nsonga yolowapo, mnofu wake ndiwopatsa mchere, wofiirira-wofiira ndi fungo la zipatso zake. Kulemera kwa masango ndikuchokera 700 g mpaka 1500 g, maluwawo amakhala awiriawiri. Chomera chimakhala champhamvu, champhamvu, chimafuna kudina komanso kudulira nthawi zonse. Wophatikiza watsopano watsopano watchuka kwambiri pazaka khumi zapitazi, amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwake kwa kubzala mbewu mu stepons. Zipatso zokhala ndi khungu labwino zimalekerera mayendedwe bwino ndipo zimasungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.

Mphesa zoyambirira kucha mphesa yakuda imakhala ndi zipatso zofiirira zakuda

Mphesa za Baikonur zimacha kwa masiku 105-110, kulekerera zochulukirapo popanda kutaya ndikupereka zokolola zochuluka. Zipatsozo ndi zofiirira zakuda ndi tinge yofiirira, yolozera kumapeto, onunkhira, ndi nyama yowutsa mudyo. Muli mafupa 2-3. Masango ndi owonda, kulemera kwa 400-700 g. Zipatsozi sizokonda kusweka, nthawi ndi nthawi zowonongeka ndi mavu. Tchire ndilamtali, ndikudulira mpesa - sing'anga (masamba 6). Zipatso zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma ndi mtundu, zoyenera zakumwa ndi vin.

Mphesa zoyambirira za Baikonur

• Mphesa zoyambirira kucha za Aivaz zopezeka ku Ukraine (Moldova + Cardinal) zipsa pambuyo masiku 115. Zipatsozo ndi zobiriwira zakuda, zazikulu, zowonda, zokoma; kukoma ndi wamba, ndi wowawasa. Masamba amtundu wa chulu, wolemera 400-600 g.Mabasi ndi amphamvu, amapsa ndi 70%. Zichulukitsidwe pafupipafupi mpaka 6-8 makilogalamu pa nyengo yazomera.
  

  Oyambirira kucha Aivaz

• Kukongola kwa sidlis (USA), kwamtundu wamtambo wakuda wamtambo wakuda ndi khungu losakhwima, ndizotsekemera komanso zogwirizana ndi zolemba za zipatso. Kudutsa mitundu iwiri - Mfumukazi ya minda yamphesa ndi mphesa zakuda. Zipatso zilibe mbewu. Magulu - mpaka 800 g. Bush wamtali ndi masamba obiriwira amdima.
  

  Mitundu yoyambirira kucha ya kusankha kwa America Beauty Sidlis
• Kusangalatsa ndi tebulo loyambirira losankhidwa ndi Chiyukireniya (Kodryanka + Laura). Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, zazitali, zamtambo-zobiriwira, zokhala ndi zowoneka bwino. Maluwa okongola. Kulemera kwa masango a kutsika kwapakati ndi 700-1000 g. Maswiti okwanira amapezeka masiku 100. Mabasi ndiwotalika, akuwombera ndi 90%.
  

  Mphesa zoyambirira Kusangalatsa zokhala mu Ukraine

• Zokondedwa - mphesa zakuda zoyambira ku Bulgaria. Pa gulu lotayirira, lopaka zipatso lamtambo wabuluu wamtundu kukula, lokoma ndi wowawasa ndi fungo la nati. Kulemera kwa Magulu ndi mpaka magalamu 600. Mbewu ndi zidutswa 3-4. Kucha mu 10 mwezi wa Ogasiti.
  

  Zakucha zoyambirira kuchokera ku Bulgaria - Lyubimets

• Taman odziwika bwino a ku Russia ndi omwe amachokera pakuwoloka mitundu iwiri - Criulensky ndi Cardinal. Kupanga mphesa zatebulo mpaka 10 kg pa chitsamba chilichonse. Zipatsozo ndi zakuda buluu, zamtundu, zowutsa mudyo, ndikumaliza kwake. Zophatikiza mwamphamvu. Zomera sizigwirizana ndi powdery mildew.
  

  Wophatikiza Taman ndi kucha koyambirira

Mitundu ya mphesa zowala bwino ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe

Zomera zokhala ndi zobiriwira zopepuka komanso zachikasu ndizabwino chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kosakhazikika ndi khungu lofewa. Zosiyanasiyana sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawayilesi ndi ma tinctures. Zipatso zomwe sizikhala ndi pigment yakuda zimalekeredwa bwino ndi omwe ali ndi ziwengo ndipo zimakhala zabwino chakudya chamwana.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yam'munda ya Arkady (dzina loyamba ndi Nastya) yamera masiku 115-120. Fomu ya mphesa idapezeka ku Odessa podutsa mitundu iwiri - Cardinal ndi Moldova. Arcadia imakhala ndi chikasu chobiriwira, zipatso zazitali komanso zazitali, zokoma pang'ono ndi fungo la mandimu komanso zipatso zamkati. Maluwa okongola. Woyambirira ndi wamtali wosakanizira amafunika kuti zinthu zizidulidwa 8-10, amaloleza kuchuluka kwa mbewu (masango 3-5) osataya. Fungo la mphesa sililekerera kuthirira kwamadzi, njira yothanirana ndi matenda a ufa wa ufa imafunika.

Msipu woyamba kucha wa ku Arcadia amadziwika ndi kukolola kwakukulu

Mphesa za Bazhen zidabwera ku Zaporizhia zaka zoposa khumi zapitazo. Zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizofanana ndi dzira, chikasu chobiriwira, chokhala ndi fungo la muscat komanso kununkhira kwamchere. Masango ndi akulu, otayirira, olemera - 700-1100 g. Maluwa amakhala awiriwa. Tchire ndilobowola, koma lalitali. Nthawi yokhwima - masiku 105-110. Kudulira kwa mpesa ndi kwakanthawi komanso kwapakati. Mtengowo umalandiridwa kawiri pachaka kuchokera ku chowawa ndi oidium, chifukwa nthawi yozizira mpesa umakhala wokhazikika.

Oyambirira kucha mphesa za Bazhen

Mphesa zosapanga zipatso zobwerera nthawi yachisanu zimaphuka tsiku la 95 mpaka 585 kuyambira chiyambi cha kukula. Fomu yodyera imaphatikiza umunthu waubwino wa mitundu iwiri: Elezi ndi Arched. Zipatso za haibridi zimakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu mpaka utoto wotumbululuka, wamafuta, wowutsa mudyo, wonunkhira bwino, wokhala ndi zokutira waxy. Kulemera kwa muluwo kuli mpaka 800 g. Dulani chomeracho ndi maso a 6-8. Mphesa si nandolo, koma zimakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew.

Mphesa zowonjezera kumtunda kwa Herpent zimasiyana ndi zipatso za pinki

• Mitundu yoyambirira ya Vega yosankhidwa ku Ukraine idaphatikiza mawonekedwe a Demeter ndi Arcadia. Zipatso zooneka ngati mphesa ndizowotcha-cylindrical, chikasu chopepuka, ndi fungo looneka bwino la muscat-zipatso. Masamba a Vega ndi akulu, opanga mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu, zipse kumapeto kwa Julayi. Mphesa zolimba zimakhala ndi maluwa awiri ndipo zimafuna kudulira kwapakatikati.
  

  Kupsa koyambirira Vega zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zobiriwira

• Zipatso za amber-chikasu zoyambira mphesa zamtundu woyamba Galahad zimayamikiridwa chifukwa chazokoma komanso zipatso zambiri. Kulemera kwa masango ndi 600-1100 g; okhwima pa 95-105 patatha masamba atatsegulidwa. Maluwa amakhala amitundu iwiri, mphukira zipsa ndi 85%.
  

  Kucha kumapeto kwa Julayi, Galahad, padzuwa amapeza mtundu wa bulauni

• Mphesa za rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana, zobadwa ku Ukraine, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zoyera, zipatso zozungulira, zotsekemera zabwino (shuga 19%) komanso zonunkhira; palibenso mbeu ziwiri zomwe zimapezeka. Kulemera kwa masango ndi 500-700 g.Alimi yotsalira yolandila mbewu yoyamba ili m'masiku 105-115. Mphesa amadulidwa 8-10 masamba, mphukira zipse ndi 75-85%.
  

  Chiyukireniya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi mkaka wobiriwira wobiriwira zipatso kucha kumayambiriro kwa August

• Ritbol wopanda mbewu yopangira zoweta zipsa patsiku la 95-105. Zipatso zotsekemera, zoyera ndi tambula, wokondedwa wazopanga zipatso komanso kutsekemera pang'ono, zimayamikiridwa pakati pa alimi. Vuna mpaka 10,5 makilogalamu ku chitsamba, gulu lalikulu limalemera 800 g. Mfuti zimacha kwathunthu.
  

  Rusball ipsa m'zaka khumi zapitazi za Julayi
• Ripsi yatsopano ya ku Russia yokhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya zipatso za ku Russia, yokhala ndi zipatso zachikasu zowala, zotsekemera ndi wowawasa komanso fungo labwino la muscat. Kuchulukitsa kwa masango ndi 500-700 g. Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 100-110.Maluwa a chomera ndi awiri.
  

  Masamba ang'onoang'ono a zipatso zoyambira m'chiuno amapumira

Mitundu yambiri ya mphesa zoyambirira kubala zipatso ndizofotokozera mwachidule

Mwa mitundu yokhala ndi zipatso zakuda, Julian ndiwosiyanitsidwa kwambiri, ali ndi magulu mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu ndipo "wachibale" wake ndi Yubiley Novocherkassky (0,6-1.2 kg). Chomera chimodzi chimatha kubweretsa 20-25 makilogalamu a zipatso zosankhidwa. Nthawi zambiri zokolola zokopa zimapezeka kuchokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Yubilei - mpaka 15-18 makilogalamu, ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa masango osaposa 800. Wodabwitsa wazipatso za mphesa za Velika zokhala ndi zipatso zofiirira zakuda, zodziwika ku Bulgaria, zimatchuka chifukwa cha masango pafupifupi 1 kg ndipo zimapereka mpaka 12-16 kg zipatso kwa nyengo. Zipatso zimakhwima masiku 115-120 ndipo amakumbukiridwa ndi zolemba zochepa za nati ndi mabulosi.

Great mphesa za meza za Velika zochokera ku Bulgaria

Veles yokhala ndi zipatso zapinki imadziwika kuti ndi yopatsa zipatso, imakhala ndi mabulashi pafupifupi 1.8 kg. M'miyezi yabwino kwambiri yachilimwe, mitunduyi imabweretsa zipatso zoposa 18-20 makilogalamu kuchokera pachomera chimodzi.

Pakati pa mitundu yoyamba yobala zipatso kwambiri, kuyeserera kuyimba nawo

• Arcadia - 25-30 kg;
• Laura - 25-28 kg;
• Russian Yoyambirira - 20-24 kg;
• Kodryanka - 20-22 kg;
• Gala - mpaka 23 kg.

Mphesa zoyambirira kucha Arcadia

Zochulukitsa zochulukirapo - mpaka 15-20 makilogalamu - mu mitundu Kusintha, Bazhen, Gourmet, Rusbol, Libya, Timur.

Kulemera kwakukulu kwa masango a Russian Kumayambiriro sikupitirira 700 g, ndi Kodryanka - 900 g, koma mosamala pa tchire, mbewuyo imacha kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala.

Kukolola kwakukulu kumachokera ku mitundu ya mphesa, yomwe imatha kupereka mazira obwerezabwereza mu axillary masamba. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yoyambilira imapanga ma inflorescence a 3-4 pa mphukira za zipatso. Ngakhale kulemera kwapang'onopang'ono kwa zipatso kumakhalapo 400-700 g, zipatso zoposa 20 kg zimacha. Zomera zimatengera nthawi zambiri kuti mpesa umathiriridwa ndikuthiriridwa. Kudulira kumathandizanso kwambiri pakupanga zipatso.

Mitundu yokoma kwambiri ya mphesa zoyambirira

Mphesa, zipatso zomwe zimapeza shuga wambiri kuposa 20% ndipo acidity yotsalira pamtunda wa 5-7 g / l, zimakhala zabwino kwambiri komanso zosangalatsa. Atsogoleri m'munda wamphesa chifukwa cha kutsekemera kwa zipatso ndi mitundu yagwiriridwa. Kishmish 342 yoyambirira kucha, yakucha masiku 115-120, imakhala woyamba pakati pa mitundu ya "zotsekemera". Kuchuluka kwa shuga panthawi yakucha ndikupeza Super Extra - mpaka 26%, Libya - 24%; Julian - 22-24%.

Gome: Zisonyezo za shuga za mitundu yamphesa zoyambirira kucha

Nyengo, Bazhena, Harold (22-24%) ndi ena mwa mitundu ya zipatso zabwino kwambiri za mphesa. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa shuga mu chipatso, mphesa ndizoyenera kupukusa ndi kuphika makeke. Komanso zakudya zotsekemera ndi zoumba zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku mitundu yabwino kwambiri.

Ku Central Black Earth Region, Super Extra ndi Aleshenkin ndi atsogoleri pankhani ya kukhwima. Kutsekemera ndi kukoma koyenderana kumatsimikiziridwa koposa zonse ndi kupsa kwa chipatso cha mpesa. Libya nthawi zonse sikhala ndi nthawi yoti ipse mpesa, ngakhale ndiyofewetsa komanso yosavuta kulawa, muscat wake imatanthauziridwa kwambiri. Koma nyengo yotentha, mabulosiwa amabisala ndi zofunkha. M'mwezi wa June-Julayi, kumagwa mvula yambiri ndipo mabingu amabwera kwambiri mu Ogasiti, motero Libya idwala nazo izi. Tchire lokhala lofooka la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Arcadia limamera bwino pa chernozem, ndipo pamadothi amchenga m'minda yathu mawonekedwe a mphesa samapezeka kwambiri monga momwe zalembedwera State State of Russia, zomwe zikumveka bwino sizinawonekenso. Arcadia ndiyathu mitundu yazipatso zoyera kwambiri yazipatso zokhala ndi masango otakasuka pang'ono; lokoma, yowutsa mudyo, zipatso zokoma. Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa Arcadia ndi kwakukulu, masango okongola komanso nthawi yakucha (Voronezh, Kursk, dera la Belgorod - koyambirira kwa Ogasiti).

Zipatso zofiira zakuda za Kodrianka zipse msanga. Nthawi zambiri timaziyika mu ma compotes ndi ma jamu, ngakhale kukhalapo kwa mbewu mkati mwake. Tchire lonse la mphesa zoyambirira limakhala momasuka pa gazebo ndipo silibisala nthawi yachisanu. Koma iyi si njira yabwino kwambiri yozizira kwa Kodryanka.

Masabata awiri nyengo yokolola isanafike, tiyenera kudyetsa phulusa (1 lita imodzi ya phulusa pa chidebe cha madzi ofunda - mgulu la thunthu, timakonza njira yothetsera feteleza wa potashi - pa zipatso. Chinsinsi cha kutsekemera ndi juicness ndikumwetsa madzi nthawi zonse kumapeto kwa Julayi - kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, pomwe kutentha ndi chilala ziyamba .

Kanema: kuunikira mitundu yazipatso za mphesa zoyambirira kucha (Arcadia, Velika, Transfiguration, Anniumph Novocherkassky ndi ena)

Mitundu yoyambira mphesa zam'mphepete ndimafotokozedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Mitundu ya mphesa yaukadaulo imayimiridwa ndi mitundu ya mphesa zavinyo ndi vinyo-mchere womwe umapangidwira kukonzekera kwa vin ndi cognacs, utoto wolemera komanso acidity yolimba ndi wabwino pakupanga bwino.
Omwe alimi ambiri amalimidwe amalima mitundu yotchuka yanyumba ya Violet koyambirira - mphesa zamtundu wa tebulo zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga vin wofiyira komanso mchere, ma tinctures, mchere.

Mafuta a mandala oyambirira amakhala ndi mtundu wosiyanasiyana wa mphesa.

Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 115-125. Zipatso zokhala ndi violet, zozungulira, zazing'onoting'ono zimakhala ndi 21% shuga ndi 5 g / l acid. Kulawa zipatso modekha ndi zolemba za nutmeg za mphesa Zopangiratu m'mbuyomu zimayamikiridwa osati mu winemaking, komanso pokonza mchere. Zipatsozo zimakhala ndi nthangala za 2-3, kulemera kwa manja ndi 200-300 g.

Mitundu yambiri yaukadaulo ndi michere (Muscat Blau, Donut Muscat). Platovsky ndi choyambirira kwambiri, chokhala ndi zipatso zamphepete zoyenera kupangira vin. Zaladenda ndi mphatso yochokera ku Magarach ndi "makolo" amtundu wakale wa mphesa zam'mawa zoyambirira. Zipatsozo ndizazungulira, zoyera, zili ndi mbali yapinki. Magulu - mpaka 200 g, kuchuluka kwa shuga - 22%, asidi - 8 g / l.

Mitundu yoyera-zipatso Plogovsky

Pinot Tin ndi Rondo ndi mitundu yoyambilira yaumisiri ndi zokolola zapakatikati. Zipatsozo ndizazungulira, zofiirira zakuda, zili ndi acidity. Vinyo wa mitundu iyi ndi wapamwamba kwambiri, wamphamvu kwambiri, muscat amamveka makamaka pakukalamba kwa nthawi yayitali mu mbiya zamatabwa.

Ukadaulo koyambirira kwa Rondo

Mitundu ya Pinotin yolimbana ndi chisanu imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake ndi minofu ya mandimu komanso mtundu wowala wofiirira wa zipatso, mawonekedwe ake ndiwofiyira. Zipatsozo ndizazungulira, zabuluu, msuzi wake suti utoto; 2-4 mafupa. Kulemera kwa masango ndikuchokera pa 200 mpaka 500. Maluwa ndi owoneka bwino, tchire ndilamphamvu komanso lalitali. Wophatikiza kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew.

Pini yaini ya Pinotin yoyamwa imatha pambuyo pa masiku 120

Zosiyanasiyana mphesa zoyambirira za zigawo zokhala ndi kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe ake

Mitundu ya mphesa zoyambirira imagawidwa kukhala chowonjezera-choyambirira, choyambirira komanso choyambirira. Mitundu ya mphesa imasankhidwa chifukwa cha nyengo yamderali komanso mtundu wa dothi patsamba. Kusankha koyenera kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka pamalowo ndi zokolola.

Mitundu yakukula ku Ukraine

Mitundu ya mphesa zoyambirira komanso zoyambirira zimabzalidwa ku Western Ukraine komanso kum'mawa kwa dzikolo osati potseguka, komanso m'malo obisalamo. Mahekitala onse ku Kherson, Odessa, dera la Nikolaev amakhala m'minda yamphesa yobiriwira. Ukadaulo wamtunda wamtunduwu umakulolani kuti mupeze mphesa zazikulu, zotsekemera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana Julian, Harold, Galahad, Delight, Aleshenkin m'zaka khumi za Juni.

Lorano wokhala ndi zipatso zakuda komanso Mphatso ya Nesveta zipsa masiku 90, mitundu yodabwitsa ya Rhombic yokhala ndi zala zooneka ngati zala imakhala yokoma komanso yokoma pambuyo pa masiku 80-90 kuyambira chiyambi cha kukula.

Ultra oyambirira kalasi Rhombic, wodziwika ku Ukraine

Komanso ku Ukraine amalandila koyambirira kwam'munda kuchokera ku Catalonia yosiyanasiyana, yoyamba masango yomwe imaphukira masiku 85. Zipatso zake ndi zobiriwira zakuda, zowutsa mudyo, zonunkhira bwino ndimaso a nyenyezi; ndi khungu losalala; muli ndi 24% dzuwa ndi 6 g / l acid. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa masango ndi 1200 g. The hybrid sangagwidwe ndi imvi zowola, sizitumphuka ndipo imangokhala pa tchire kwa nthawi yayitali ikakhwima.

Super oyambirira Catalonia mphesa zosiyanasiyana

Kulima mphesa zoyambilira kumayendedwe amtundu wamtchire kumafuna kupukutidwa mokakamizika komanso kwakanthawi kachilengedwe komanso zovala zapamwamba.

Kanema: Unenanso za mitundu ya mphesa ku Ukraine, kumapeto kwa Julayi

Mitundu yakukula mu Volgograd

Pamtunda wa Volgograd m'malo otentha kwambiri, mitundu yoyambirira kucha ndi mphesa zomwe zimachedwa kucha Zochitika za olimiwo zikuwonetsa kuti kusamalira moyenera, kudulira pafupipafupi komanso kupatsana tchire, kuvala bwino ndikusintha kuchokera ku mpunga ndi oidium ndichitsimikizo cha kukolola kokhazikika ndi koyenera m'munda wamphesa.

Apa iwo amakula Libya ndi Kishmish 342, Julian ndi Vega; Super Extra, Arcadia, Tason - mitundu yamphamvu yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali mpaka masiku 110, ndi mscat wocheperako wakale, watenga minda yamphesa ya Volgograd. Nthawi zambiri Volgograd kumayambiriro ndi zipatso zamtambo wabuluu wamtambo ndi masango ataliatali (masiku 110-120) amapezeka m'malo opanga vinyo.

Oyambirira kucha Volgograd koyambirira

Kanema: mphesa zoyambirira kucha m'chigawo cha Volgograd

Zosiyanasiyana zakula mchigawo cha Rostov

Mu nyengo yam'mphepete mwa Rostov, ambiri patebulo koyambirira komanso mitundu ya mphesa yokhwima imakhwima. Mitundu yotchuka ya mphesa:

• Julian
• Kukondwerera
• Libya
• Laura
• Galahad;
• Codryanka;
• Arcadia.

Vinyo wokula ndi kukula mbande za mchere komanso mitundu yavinyo amapangidwa m'dera la Rostov. Ngakhale kuti derali lili kumpoto chakum'mwera kwa ulimi wa mafakitale, osati mitundu ya zoweta zokha, komanso mitundu ya mphesa yomwe ili ku USA - Pink Sidlis, Ainset Sidlis - afala pano. Mpesa umafunikira pobisalira nyengo yachisanu ndi njira zochiritsira pothana ndi ufa wouma komanso matenda a fungus a mphesa.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yosachedwa kucha: Kukondwerera, Ngale za Maplo, Zoreva. Amapanga Ubwenzi wophimba chilengedwe ndi mitundu-yachikasu, zipatso zabwino pang'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi zipatso. Nyengo yokulira ndi masiku 110-120.

Ubwenzi woyambirira wapadziko lonse

Mitundu yakukula ku Belarus

Kubzala mitundu yoyambirira ndi yoyambilira ya mphesa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka ya Belarusi kuti zitheke kwambiri kuti mpesa uliwonse uzitentha kwambiri mothandizidwa ndi chimphepo chamkuntho cha Atlantic. Wamaluwa akuyesera kusankha mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu kwambiri yomwe siyakukhudzidwa ndi Powawa.

Aleshenkin, Minsk pinki, wopaka zipatso ndi pinki Tukay, Kusandulika, Julian ndi mitundu yotchuka. Ku Vitibshchina, choyambirira kwambiri cha Sharov Riddle cha Altai chosankhidwa ndi zipatso zofiirira zozungulira zinali kumukonda kwambiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimalekerera chisanu mpaka -30 ºº ndipo sizifunikira pogona nyengo yachisanu.

Zophatikiza ndi kusankha kwa Siberiya Mwala waku Sharov udzu wawo kalekale ku Belarus

Rusball ndi Tason amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha gulu lalikulu ndi zipatso zokoma. Mitunduyi imacha ku Belarus kumapeto kwa Julayi ndipo imafuna malo ogona m'nyengo yozizira. Ultra-oyambirira Super Extra ndi Arcadia amakulolani kuti mufike ku 8-12 makilogalamu ku chitsamba, ngati abzalidwe panthaka yabwino, yachonde. Maburashi akuluakulu ndi zipatso zokoma zimapezeka ndi mphukira yake pa nthawi yake.

Mitundu yakukula ku Siberia

Ku Siberia, mbewu yabwino imakolola kuchokera ku mitundu yosaneneka yakucha yakucha. Kwa zigawo zakumpoto, zomwe zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi mitundu ya mphesa yoyambilira, yomwe m'masiku 95-110 mumatha kukulitsa mpesa, kupereka ovary wamphamvu ndikupeza juiciness ndi maswiti. Ndikofunikira kuti mitunduyi izinthidwa ndi nyengo yovuta ya Siberia ndikupirira chisanu, mphamvu ya mphepo yakumpoto komanso nyengo yoyambilira yophukira.

Pano, mitundu yakucha yosankhidwa ya ku Siberia ya Tukay imakhala yobiriwira, zipatso zokoma kucha kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, oyera-muscat Muscovite Rusoven komanso mtundu wamdima wakuda womwe suthana ndi chisanu. Codryanka, Hercules ndi Bashkir koyambirira, koyambirira kwa Russia komanso "wamba" kalasi ya Sharov Riddle ndiyodziwika pano. Ku Siberia, mphesa zonse zimafunikira chinyezi chambiri mu kugwa komanso malo abwino osungirako nyengo yachisanu.

Kanema: mphesa zoyambirira kubzala ku Siberia

Ndemanga zamaluwa

Ndili ndi munda wa EXTREME nthawi ino. Ndimathirira tchire ndi madzi ochokera kunja. Ndinkathirira kawiri kokha, ndimayesetsa kulima mphesa zoyambirira popanda kuthirira. Ndikutulutsa popanda kuthira feteleza, ndimawona inflorescence pamitundu yatsopano yobzalidwa chaka chatha (Velika, Tason, Transfiguration). Baikonur, Julian, Ayuta, Manick Finger, Zarya Nesvetaya, Black Cherry - malinga ndi zotsatira za maluwa, inflorescence yayikulu kwambiri ku Pink koyambirira ndi Arcadia (poyerekeza ndi Transfiguration, Libya, Descendant wa Rizamat, Julian) amakula mumsewu umodzi, msinkhu womwewo ( mphamvu yakukula ndiyosiyana kwambiri). Mitundu yoyambirira kucha siyinalepherepo.

Peter

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Kumapeto kwa Julayi, mzinda wa Kamyshin. Ndili paulendo wokumbukira aphunzitsi (ndendende, adadya kale zokolola), m'masiku 5 padzakhala Super Extra ndi Libya nthawi yomweyo - maluwa obiriwira amalonjeza kukolola kwabwino, Delight ili kale ndi natimeg yabwino, ndipo Kusintha kwakhala kuti kwakhala ndipo adzakhazikika sabata lina ndikukhala okonzeka. Ngakhale Arcadia yachepa kwathunthu komanso ndi shuga wabwino, ndikuganiza kuti yatsala masiku 10-12 mpaka ipere.

Evgeny Polyanin

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Mitundu yambiri yakucha yoyambirira imayenera kukondedwa ndi ulemu kwa akatswiri odziwa mphesa chifukwa chokhwima msanga komanso kukaniza matenda oyamba ndi mpesa. Kukhala ndi mitundu yambiri yoyambirira-yoyambirira pachiwembucho, mutha kusangalala ndi zipatso zamadzimadzi, zonunkhira mkati mwa chilimwe. Kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya mphesa yoyambirira kwambiri komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakhalidwe abwino imatsegulira mwayi wabwino kwa olima odziwa ntchito komanso oyamba kumene wamaluwa.