Nyumba havortia ndi kukongoletsa kosalekeza kwa maluwa okongola omwe ali ndi banja la Asphodelov, losiyana ndi ena mumapangidwe ake opangidwa ndi tsamba lachilendo. Malo obadwira maluwa ndi South Africa. Mitengo yambiri ya dziko lino imakhala yoopsa, kotero anthu ena, poyamba, amadabwa: "Haworthia: woopsa kapena ayi?". Ndipotu, maluwa amenewa ali ndi poizoni woopsa m'madzi, koma samaganizira kwambiri ndipo sangasokoneze umoyo ndi moyo wa munthu.
Mukudziwa? Haworthia amachititsa dzina lake kulemekeza wasayansi-wofufuzira Adrian Haworth, yemwe anadzipereka yekha kuti aphunzire za zomera za m'madera otentha ndi madera ozungulira a Africa.Chilengedwe cha kukula kwa havortiya ndi miyala yowuma komanso malo otsetsereka mchenga, kumene zomera zimabisala pansi pa mitengo ndi zitsamba. Mu chomera, havortia amadabwa ndipo amakondweretsa zonse mwamtheradi: momwe izo zimamasula, momwe izo zimawonekera, ndi mtundu wanji wa chisamaliro umene ukusowa. Choncho, n'zosadabwitsa kuti kutchuka kwa maluwa amenewa ndi kwakukulu komanso kukulirakulira. Koma simuyenera kudalira kuti havortia idzadzikula yokha, chifukwa ngakhale izo, nkofunikira kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri m'nyumba.
Kodi ndi zinthu zotani zomwe zimafunikira havortiya m'nyumba?
Kuphatikizidwa ndi mchitidwe wosasamala wa mbeu mu chilengedwe chakukula, kuti tithe kusintha havortiya ku dera lathu ndi kulima kwathu, ndikofunikira kupanga zofunikira zochepetsera moyo. Olima odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti apereke chidwi chenicheni, koposa zonse, ku malo a chomera m'nyumba, kusankha kowala ndi kutentha.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Choyamba, ziyenera kuzindikiridwa kuti mu chilengedwe cha kukula kwa mbeu mbewu zimakonda kubisala dzuwa. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa, pamapiri nthawi zambiri kumawotchedwa (mawanga a bulauni), komanso amayamba kuyanika. 
Kumadzulo kapena kummawa kwa chipinda, kumene kuli kuwala kokwanira kokwanira, ndi koyenera kwambiri. Kusankha kwawindo pawindo kumadzulo sikungapereke kuwala kofunikira, ndicho chifukwa maluwa a chipindacho amachepetsa kukula kwake.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti ndiko kusankha kosayenera kwa malo ndi kuunikira, nthawi zambiri, ndi yankho la funso losatha: "N'chifukwa chiyani havortia sakukula?".
Mavuto otentha
Chomeracho chingalekerere mosavuta kutentha kwakukulu mu chipinda, koma simuyenera kuchiyika kutentha pamwamba pa + 25 ° C. Ndi kutentha kosalekeza, komwe kumathandiza kwambiri kukula kwa maluwa ndipo kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana.
Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti havortia imangoyamba kutentha ndi kuchepetsa kukula (pofuna kupulumutsa mphamvu, madzi ndi zakudya zomwe zikupezeka m'nthaka). 
Panthawi yopumulira, nyengoyi ndi yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi zomwe zili kutentha kuchokera ku + 10 ° C mpaka 15 ° C ndi mdima wochepa.
Mmene mungasamalire havortiya kunyumba
Ngakhale kuti maonekedwe akudabwitsa komanso odabwitsa kwambiri, osati osiyana ndi zomera za dera lathu, havortia ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri pa zochitika zapanyumba, choncho chifukwa chake aliyense, ngakhale wolima masewera, akhoza kukula mosavuta.
Monga momwe ziliri ndi zomera zina, ndithudi, muyenera kumvetsetsa ndi kuganizira maonekedwe onse a momwe angasamalire bwino havortia. 
Kusamba malamulo
Kuthirira khovartii kuyenera kukhala moyenera komanso mosamala. Choncho, pamtunda woyenera kutentha mchipinda muli okwanira kuthirira maluwa koposa 1-2 pa sabata. Ndikofunika kuti usamatsanulire nthaka yambiri yamaluwa, koma pang'ono chabe.
Nthawi yomweyo ulimi wothirira, ndibwino kuyesa ndikuyesa nthaka - ikhale youma ndipo ilibe zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga (nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira molakwika).
Phunzirani zambiri zokhudza chisamaliro choyenera cha zomera monga New Guinea Balsam, Nolina, Plumeria, Campanula, Echmea, Lavater, Ahimenes, Schefflera, Phytonium.Ndizodabwitsa kuti mu chikhalidwe cha kukula kwa havortia amatha kupirira ngakhale chilala chotalika mwamtendere, koma kunyumba ndibwino kuti musayesere izi ndi kumwa madzi nthawi zonse.
M'nyengo yozizira, havorti ayenera kuloledwa kukonza kutentha kwa 10+ + 12 ° С, kuthirira nthawi imodzimodzi osapitirira 1 nthawi pamwezi. 
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi mpweya wabwino
Pachimera ichi, chinyezi cha mlengalenga sichiri chodziwika, chifukwa herbicum imakula bwino ngakhale m'zipinda zomwe mpweya uli wouma kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, chinyezi choyenera chiyenera kupeŵedwa, chifukwa ndicho chinthu chomwe chingasokoneze osati havortiya yekha, komanso maluwa ena amkati.
Palibe chosowa chotsuka kapena kupopera mbewu. Ndi bwino kuthana ndi fumbi pamapazi ndi nsalu yonyowa, yonyowa kapena siponji. Pa nthawi yomweyi, madzi ayenera kupeŵa pakati pa chifuwa cha tsamba kapena maluwa rosette. 
M'pofunikanso kuti mupange chipinda mofatsa komanso moyenera. 1-2 mphepo pa sabata ndi okwanira, yokhalitsa mpaka maola 1-2 (malingana ndi kutentha kwa kunja, kukhalapo kwa mphepo ndi buku la chipinda). Ndikofunika kuti pasakhale zidandanda, ndipo duwa siliyimilira pazenera.
Ndikofunikira! Kuphatikizidwa ndi mchitidwe wosasamala, nthawi zonse kuphwanya malamulo ndi ndondomeko zokhudzana ndi zochitika zake, zingakhale zovuta kwa iye. Poganizira izi, ndizofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa kuti havorti ndi okwanira kuthirira pang'ono, kutulutsa komanso kuthira manyowa.
Feteleza
Feteleza havortiya imalimbikitsidwa kwambiri pokhapokha pa kukula kwa mbewu, ndiko kuti, kuyambira pa March mpaka October.
Monga njira yoyenera kudyetsa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zovuta zowonjezera zogwiritsa ntchito mchere.
Manyowa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi ulimi wothirira, koma osati kamodzi pamwezi. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti havortia amakonda nthaka yabwino, ndiko kuti, popanda zakudya zambiri. 
Pa nthawi yochepa ya mbeu, feteleza ziyenera kutayidwa.
Nthawi yopumula
M'nyengo yozizira, havortia, mofanana ndi ambiri amchere, imalowa m'nyengo inayake yopumula. Njira zonse za moyo wa mbeuzi zimachepetsedwa kwambiri, chifukwa chake chisamaliro chiyenera kukhala chapadera.
Choyamba, panthawiyi, nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira uyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika pa nthawi imodzi pa mwezi ndipo, monga tanenera kale, amakana kudyetsa. Ndibwino kuti Haworthia apumule pamalo ozizira ndi mpweya wabwino wa 10+ + 15 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati nyengo yozizira imasiyidwa m'chipindamo ndi kutentha kwa 20 ° C ndipamwamba, idzasiya mpumulo ndikupitiriza kukula, koma chifukwa cha kuwala kochepa, tsamba la havortiya lidzakula pang'onopang'ono ndi kutaya maonekedwe awo.
Kuwombera malamulo: zofunika kwa nthaka ndi mphika
Kuphika havortiya, ngati maluwa ena onse, ndi njira yowunikira yomwe imafuna chidwi chenicheni ndi mtima wolemekeza. Kuwonjezera apo, kumuika kwa chomeracho kuli ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti ziganizirepo maluwa olima maluwa.
Kotero, kodi havortia ndi nthaka yanji yomwe imakondweretsa maluwa? Tiyeni tiwone izo. 
Kukula kwazomera kumapangidwa bwino kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene havortia imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri ndipo imakhala yosasinthika mosavuta mkhalidwe ndi kukula kwa nthaka.
Izi ziyenera kumveka kuti kuika ndikumangirira maluwa, choncho nthawi zambiri, mphukirayo ndi yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri (duwa limalekerera mosavuta pang'ono kukula, koma chifukwa cha kusowa kwa malo nthawi yayitali).
Posankha chophimba chodzala, ndi bwino kupatsa mphika waukulu, koma wosaya kwambiri ndi ngalande yapamwamba pansi.
Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi kulima kwa nthawi yaitali kwa mbewuyi, alimi odziwa bwino adapeza kuti havortii ndi yabwino kwambiri pamphika wozungulira kuposa imodzi.Mbande ya havortiya imapangidwa kuchokera ku dongo-sod ndi tsamba la masamba, komanso mchenga. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti kuwonjezera matabwa ang'onoang'ono kunthaka.
Chifukwa chakuti njerwa imatenga chinyezi chochulukirapo ndipo imapangitsa kuti pakhale dothi lalikulu, kuyambika kwa njerwa za njerwa kumakulolani kuti musinthe mawonekedwe a gawo lapansi. Pakapita nthawi, zakudya zambiri m'nthaka zimachepa, chifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsa kupanga mchere wambiri. 
Pakuika, ndibwino kuyika kukhetsa maluwa pansi pa mphika, ndikudzaza ndi gawo lokonzekera kuchokera pamwamba. Maluwa okongoletsedwa ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti athetse ngakhale kukula kwa mizu.
Mudzakhalanso ndi chidwi chophunzila za malamulo oyendetsa zomera zina monga orchid, chrysanthemum, cactus, garden garden, autumn crocus, basamu.Havortia ayenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi pamwamba pa mizu, panthawi imodzimodziyo kuwapatsa chitetezo chodalirika ndi madzi ovuta pakamwa pothirira.
Pambuyo pa kuthirira koyambirira, kusuntha ndi kugwirizana kwa maluwa m'nthaka, ndi zofunika kuwonjezera masentimita angapo a gawo lapansi ku mphika.
Ndikofunikira! Pakuthandizira ndi kofunika kuti tiwone bwinobwino momwe mizu ya maluwa imakhalira, njira iliyonse yotetezera. Kuwonongeka kulikonse ku mizu m'tsogolomu sikungangowonongeka ku matenda, komanso kuwonongedwa kwathunthu kwa havortiya.
Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
Malinga ndi chikhalidwe chake, havortia ndi wolimba kwambiri komanso wotsutsana ndi matenda a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma kwenikweni, pansi pa zochitika zapakhomo, maluwa, ngakhale, nthawi zina amawombedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timaphatikizapo nsabwe za m'masamba ndi cherry. Pofuna kuwazindikira, ndikokwanira kuti ayambe kuyang'anitsitsa zomera kuti awonongeke ndi kusintha kwake (kawirikawiri amachitika pa kuthirira). Pamwamba pa maluwa tizirombo timalowe mmwamba kapena dothi.
Ngati mwadziwidwa ndi tizirombo, muyenera kuyamba kumenyana nawo, mwinamwake chomera chidzafa mwamsanga. Monga opanga opaleshoni, amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogula kapena kupanga yokha sungunuka sopo, grated adyo ndi madzi (osakaniza mofanana). Ayenera kuthana ndi nkhope yonse ya masamba.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti pamene tizirombo tidziwika, nkofunika kukonza tsamba limodzi lokha, koma mbewu yonseyo. 
Haworthia amangokhalira kulekerera matendawa. Kuti muchite izi, idyani maluwa ndi kuyika malo otentha, okongola popanda drafts. Mukhoza kuchita chithandizo choteteza zomera ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Ndi zofunika kuchita izi ndi njira zodzikongoletsera, koma osati mobwerezabwereza pamwezi, popeza mankhwala angathe kukulitsa m'nthaka ndi kuwononga maluwa.
Zindikirani njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zomera zina: "Biohumus", "Fundazol", "Heteroauxin", "Etamon", "Quadris", "Hom", "Alirin B", "Ovary", "Kornevin", " Bi-58 "," Chunky "," Gamair "," Energen "," Topaz ".
Njira zoswana havortiya
Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira maluwa havortia: kubalana ndi cuttings ndi kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi zizindikiro zake, zomwe muyenera kuziganizira kuti mosavuta komanso mosavuta zizifalitsa chomera chodabwitsa ichi.
- Kubalana kwa havortiya ndi kukalumikiza
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha kuphweka ndi njira yowonjezera ya njirayi, kubzala maluwa ndi cuttings kungathenso kukhala ngati yaikulu tsopano. Kufalitsa mbewu kumakhala kosavuta kwambiri ndipo, nthawi zambiri, kumakhala kulima kwakukulu kwa havortiya.Ngati zidutswa zadulidwa zili ndi timapepala 2-3, koma palibe mizu, mdulidwe uyenera kuchitidwa ndi phulusa ndi / kapena njira zowonjezera kukula kwazu, kenako ziume kwa masiku angapo. Momwemo amapezera mbande akhoza kubzalidwa bwino mu mchenga wamvula kapena mwachindunji pansi. Mankhwala ofanana ndi ameneŵa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masamba a cuttings: atayanika mlengalenga, kudula kumalowetsedwa mumchenga wouma musanakhazikitsidwe mizu, kenako havortia ikhoza kubzalidwa bwino.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti asanakhazikitsidwe mizu, m'pofunika kusiya madzi okwanira ambiri, osangoyamba kukonkha nthaka ndi madzi pang'ono. Kufalikira ndi kumtumikizanitsa kumachitika bwino kumapeto kwa maluwa, pamene maluwawo amalekerera mosavuta kusintha, kapena pakuwusintha.
Ndikofunikira! Panthawi ya mapangidwe a mizu, imaletsedwa kubisa chidebe ndi zowonongeka ndi galasi kapena filimu.
- Mbeu yobereka havortiya
Ndi zofunika kuti manyowa awonongeke pasadakhale, ndikuyamera kuti azisamalira bwino (kuthirira ndi kumasula), kuteteza ku tizirombo ndi namsongole. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti chifukwa cha mbeu (kuchepa), kufalitsa kwa mbewu, nthawi zambiri, ndi kovuta ndipo kungatenge nthawi yochuluka, choncho ndizovuta kwambiri. Kunyumba, odziwa amalima amalangiza kubereka havortiyu yoyamba njira.
Tikukufotokozerani zovuta za kubereka kwa zomera zina: mapiri a phulusa wofiira, zamiokulkas, phiri ash ash wakuda zipatso, dieffenbachia, heather, makamu, physalis, clematis.Haworthia ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chikukula bwino kunyumba. Kuti duwa likondwere ndi kukongola kwake kwa nthawi yayitali, zangokwanira kuti pakhale zofunikira zoyenera kuti zisamalire komanso kuti zisamalire. Chifukwa cha izi, sizodabwitsa kuti posachedwapa havortia wakhala akupezekanso minyumba ndi nyumba za anthu omwe akufuna kubweretsa zokoma ndi zosiyana ndi zochitika zawo.
