Pafupifupi munda uliwonse mungapeze chiwembu chokongola ndi kufalitsa tchire la red currant, chokongoletsedwa ndi nsalu zofiira kwambiri. Kusamalidwa kosavuta nyengo, zipatso zabwino ndi zofunikira kwambiri za zipatso zabwino - izi ndi zifukwa zazikulu zomwe mbewuyi imakonda kwambiri wamaluwa. M'nkhaniyi, tikufuna kukuuzani kuti "Natalie" - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya currants yofiira yomwe imatha kugonjetsa mtima wanu.
Kuswana
Anthu opanga zinyama za Natali anali V. M. Litvinov ndi N. K. Smolyaninova, obereketsa ku Russia ochokera ku Moscow Institute of Horticulture, GNU VTISP.
Mu 1991, pakudutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zofiira zofiira, mitundu yatsopano idalumikizidwa, kuphatikiza kusamalidwa komanso kusamalidwa bwino ndi chisanu ndi matenda okhudza mbewu zakuda.
Werengani tsatanetsatane ndi zodziwika za kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Vixne", "Shuga".
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
Taganizirani zafotokozedwa ndi makhalidwe a tchire ndi zipatso za zofiira currant mitundu "Natalie".
Shrub
Mitengo ya wofiira currant mu msinkhu ukufika mamita limodzi ndi hafu mamita. Pa msinkhu wamkulu wathanzi umakula pafupifupi mphukira 15. Makungwa pa nthambiwo amakhala ofiira-bulauni, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zili ndi nsonga zofiirira pamwamba. Masambawa ndi osasangalatsa, aatali, omwe amakhala obiriwira, omwe amapeza mthunzi wofiira padzuwa. Chitsamba chiri ndi masamba obiriwira komanso ophatikizana omwe amakula kwambiri mmwamba zaka zingapo zoyambirira, pamene zikukula, zimakhala zikufalikira.
Mukudziwa? Kuchokera ku masamba owuma a ofiira ndi a black currants mumapeza vitamini chokoma kwambiri komanso wathanzi kwambiri. Ma masambawa ali ndi vitamini C, amafunika kusonkhanitsa zipatsozo zisanakwane. Zimatsimikizirika kuti atatha kusasitsa, mavitamini C amachepetsedwa kangapo.
Zipatso
Tsabola ndi zipatso zomwe zimakula pa nthambi zochepa zimadzera masentimita 10 m'litali. Pa burashi iliyonse ikukula zipatso za wolemera wofiira, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono m'munsi. Kuchuluka kwake kwa zipatso ndi 0.7-1.0 g. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo ndi mbewu zing'onozing'ono mkati. Kukumana ndi kokoma ndi kuwawa kowawa. 
Zina mwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana
Mitundu imeneyi imakhala ndi makhalidwe omwe okondedwa ambiri amawakonda, komanso amasiyanitsa "Natalie" ndi mitundu ina yofiira. Tidzakambirana za iwo mwatsatanetsatane.
Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
Mmodzi wa "Ubwino wa Natalie" umakhala wabwino ku matenda ambiri a m'munda, komanso zotsatira za tizirombo. Komabe, chisankho cholakwika chodzala malo ndi kuphwanya mphamvu zamagetsi za kukula kwa currant yowonjezera kungachepetse chitetezo cha mbeu ndikuchimwitsa kwambiri. matenda a fungal:
- Mame a mchere ndi matenda omwe sangathe kulera mbewu zokha, komanso nthaka yozungulira, komanso kufalitsa mofulumira ku mbewu zina za m'munda. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala a powdery mildew omwe amathandiza zomera ndi nthaka yomwe ili pansi pawo. Kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera phulusa, yomwe inayambitsa tchire kangapo nthawi ya chilimwe.
- Anthracnose - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayamba kuchuluka mwamphamvu pa mvula komanso pa mvula yambiri. Kuwononga spores wa bowayi ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa Bordeaux madzi kapena mkuwa sulphate. Kupewa kwa matenda kumaphatikizapo kuthetsa kumwa mopitirira muyeso wa currant baka, kudulira panthawi yake mphukira, komanso nthawi zonse kuchotsedwa masamba ndi namsongole akukula pansi pa chomera.
- Septoria ndi matenda owopsa omwe angawononge konse zokolola zanu. Pofuna kuchiza matendawa, thirani tchire ndi systemic fungicides. Zochita zokhudzana ndi matendawa zimaphatikizapo kudulira panthawi yake, kuchotsa namsongole pansi pa chitsamba, ndi kumeta.
Kuteteza tizilombo tofiira (tsamba la aphid, jamu sawfly, currant glass) amagwiritsira ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zomera - "Fitoverm", "Agravertin", "Iskra DE".
Phunzirani momwe mungasunge currants ku matenda ndi tizirombo.
Njira zothandizira ndi izi:
- kuchotsedwa kwa masamba okhudzidwa ndi mphukira;
- kumadzulo kukumba dothi kuzungulira zitsamba;
- Kuwonjezera panthawi ya phulusa pamtunda.
Ndikofunikira! N'zotheka kuthetsa tizirombo kuchokera ku currant yofiira mwa kubzala mabedi a maluwa onunkhira pafupi ndi tchire. Mwachitsanzo, marigolds - fungo lawo lamphamvu limatha kuopseza tizilombo tokha kutali ndi mabedi anu.
Chilala kukana ndi chisanu kukana
"Natalie" - zokonda zosiyanasiyanakoma amalekerera masiku owuma a chilimwe. Ndikofunika kudziŵa kuti kusowa kwa chinyezi pa maluwa ndi mapangidwe a zipatso kungathe kuwononga zokolola zamtsogolo za zofiira currants. Pofuna kupewa izi, samalirani nthawi zonse kuthirira madzi.
Mitundu imeneyi siopa kuzizira ndipo imatha kukhala ndi chisanu -30 ° C. Ngati kutentha kwakukulu kumayembekezeredwa, ndiye kuti tchire amafunika kubisala nthawi yozizira. 
Nthawi yotulutsa ndi zokolola
Kalasi iyi kukula msinkhu msinkhu, zipatso zoyamba mungathe kusangalala pakati pa July. Komanso, n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa mpaka 4 makilogalamu kwambiri chokoma kwambiri lokoma-wowawasa zipatso ku mtengo umodzi wofiira currant. Mtengo wotsika kwambiri "Natalie" amasiyanitsa izi zosiyanasiyana pakati pa mitundu ya munda currants.
Transportability
Zosiyanasiyana "Natalie" kuyenda bwino pamtunda wautalipopanda kutaya kukamba kwake ndi kulawa. Pofuna kusunga mbewu zochuluka pazokolola, amaluwa odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti azitumiza "Natalie" m'mitsuko yaing'ono, motero mudzaonetsetsa kuti masamba ochepawo azikhala otetezeka.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu yakutchire yamtchire imapezeka ngakhale ku Siberia. Koma ku Australia ndi Antarctica, zipatso zamtundu uwu sizikula konse.
Malangizo
Ili ndilo tebulo laling'ono la chilengedwe chonse. Ndipotu, izi zikutanthauza kuti zipatso izi ndizokoma komanso zowonjezereka mu mawonekedwe atsopano ndi mazira. Komanso, mutha kupanga mapiritsi osakaniza bwino, kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi kuwonjezeranso ku zophika - zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira sizidzatha ngakhale pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha. 
Familiarize nokha ndi maphikidwe okonzekera wofiira currants: kupanikizana, kupanikizana, compote.
Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula
Kusankhidwa kwa ofiira currant mbande ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa tsogolo lanu zimadalira mtundu wa kubzala. Takukonzerani inu zothandiza zokhudzana ndi momwe mungakhalire wathanzi komanso wokonzeka kubzala kunja. wofiira currant mmera:
- Mbeu iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi mphukira zamphamvu ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 30.
- Pa mphukira lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi masamba osachepera awiri.
- Mizu iyenera kukhala ndi mizu ya chikasu 3-4.
- Mizu yowonjezera imakula bwino ndipo imakula muzinthu zambiri.
Olima amaluso akulangizidwa kuti agule mbande za mbewu iliyonse yamunda m'mayendedwe apadera. Kotero inu mudzalandira chitsimikizo kuti zosiyanasiyana zomwe mwapezazo ndi zomwe mumazifuna, ndipo mwinamwake kuti mbewuyo idzakhala yosauka komanso yodwala matenda kapena tizirombo sizidzakhala zochepa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati simukukonzekera kuti mubzalidwe mbande zowatulutsa pansi, onetsetsani kuti mizu yofiira currant siuma. Lembani mizu ndi nkhono yamvula kapena kuika mbande mu chidebe cha dothi (nthaka yosakaniza ndi madzi, yomwe imabweretsanso mchere wowawasa).
Mavuto akukula
Ngakhale kukhala kosavuta mu chisamaliro, zosiyanasiyana "Natalie" ali wapadera zofunikira zachilengedwe. Tiye tiuzeni za iwo mwatsatanetsatane:
- Nthaka. Pakuti zokolola zabwino ndi mphukira zamphamvu, zofiira currants zimafuna chernozem, loamy ndi mchenga loam dothi zomwe zimatha kusunga chinyezi mwa iwo eni (koma siziyenera kuwononga). Kuonjezera apo, mu nthaka izi zimakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amathandiza mizu yofiira kuti ipeze zinthu zofunika. Zomwe analimbikitsa acidity ndizochepa zowonongeka kapena zopanda ndale.
- Malo abwino okwera malo. Sankhani malo otsegula bwino pa tsambali, ndikufunikanso kuti ndilo malo otsetsereka kumpoto chakumadzulo, kutali ndi mafunde ndi mphepo yoziziritsa.
- Kuthamanga kwa madzi pansi. Madzi a pansi pa nthaka sayenera kukhala pafupi kuposa mamita 1 pamwamba. Kuyandikana kwambiri ndi mizu yofiira currants kungawononge njira zake zowola, komanso kumayambitsa matenda a fungal.
Nthawi ndi dongosolo lofika
Kubzala nyemba currant mbande n'zotheka kawiri pachaka: kumapeto kwa April - oyambirira May ndi mochedwa September - oyambirira October. Chinthu chachikulu ndichoti nthaka ikhale yotentha (kutentha kwa nthaka sikuyenera kukhala pansi +15 ° C), wothiridwa ndi mphepo yam'tsogolo, komanso kukhala ndi chilema.
Phunzirani zambiri za magwero a kubzala currants mu kugwa ndi masika.
Mutasankha malo abwino oti mubzalidwe mbande, konzekerani dera lino musanayambe ntchito - yeretsani nthaka namsongole ndi mizu ya zomera zina, mosamalitsa kukumba dera ndikuwonjezera fetereza. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha humus, phulusa ndi superphosphate - kusakaniza feteleza ndi nthaka ndikugawa mofanana mkati mwa mita imodzi pa malo omwe munalima kubzala. Kumbukirani kuti feteleza yosakanizidwa bwino ikhoza kuyambitsa mizu yotentha ndi kuwononga mbewu.
Mutagula mbande za Natalie ndikukwaniritsa ntchito yokonzekera pa webusaitiyi, ndi nthawi yoti mubzalitse tchire lofiira la currant pamtunda. Kukula kwakukulu kwa dzenje lakudzala ndi 60 * 60 cm.Kung'onong'ono kochepa kwa nthaka ndi feteleza kumatsanulira pansi ndikutsanulira hafu ya madzi. Mbeu zokonzeka zimayikidwa pakatikatikati mwa dzenje, mowongoka mowongoka ndi nthaka. 
Kubzala currants: malo amodzi okulitsa, b - mizu ya mizu. Nthaka iyenera kukhala tamped pang'ono ndi kuthirira mochuluka. Samalani pamutu wa mizu - ziyenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka. Kuti tifunikire tchire panali malo okwanira kuti azitha kuphulika, kuchoka patali pakati pa tchire 1-1.5 m.
Mukudziwa? Mutadya zipatso zokoma 30-45 zokoma zokoma, mudzakwaniritsa zofunikira za thupi lanu tsiku ndi tsiku kuti muthe vitamini C.
Zofunikira za chisamaliro cha nyengo
Kuti currant yofiira ikule bwino ndikusangalatseni ndi zokolola zabwino, nkofunika kudziwa zofunikira za chisamaliro cha nyengo ya munda.
Kuthirira
M'chilimwe, ma currants ofiira amamwe madzi kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo pamasiku otentha kwambiri, kuthirira kwawonjezeka kufika 2 pa mlungu. Analimbikitsa kuthirira - 1.5-2 ndowa madzi mkangano kuti mpweya kutentha. Njira zamadzi ndizofunika kwambiri pakukolola zipatso - panthawi imeneyi zimalangizidwa kuthirira mbewu tsiku lililonse. 
Kusamalira dothi
Mu chisamaliro cha dothi ndilolololedwa kuti likhale ndikulumikiza. Kwa "Natalie" zosiyanasiyana, mulch wothandiza kwambiri ndi slurry kapena marsh silt. Njirayi imathandiza kuti zisunge chinyezi m'nthaka, komanso zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zopindulitsa kwambiri zomwe zimapindulitsa kukula kwa mphukira komanso kukula kwa mbewu. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kufunikira koti nthawi zonse tithe kumasulidwa pansi pa chitsamba ndi kuchotsa namsongole, koma kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka mulching mungathe kuchita popanda njira izi.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za chisamaliro cha currants kumapeto kwa masika.
Kupaka pamwamba
Tsamba lofiira lofiira limayamba kufunika nthawi zonse feteleza m'chaka chachitatu cha moyo. M'chaka, makamaka feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - humus kapena kompositi, yomwe imayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi isanagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pakugwa, mugwiritsire ntchito mankhwala owonjezera a potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni. Mtengo wa fetelezawu umasakanikirana ndi nthaka m'dzinja kukumba dera. 
Kudulira
Kwa nthawi yozizira tchire mobwerezabwereza amafunika kudulira. Kudulira koyamba kumayambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe - ndikofunikira kukhala ndi nthawi isanafike kuti mbeu "iwuke" ndikuyamba kutaya madzi mumthambi. Kudulira uku kumaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa mphukira youma, yakale ndi yoonongeka. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, magawo onsewo amasinthidwa ndi opanikizidwa opangidwa ndi mpweya. Pambuyo pake, nthambi zomwe zimakula mkatikati mwa chitsamba, komanso madera akuluakulu, zimayambanso kudulira. Ngati sizing'onozing'ono, mpweya ndi dzuŵa sizingathe kufika kumtunda akutali, ndipo zipatsozo zimangopangidwa m'mphepete mwenimweni mwa tchire.
Zolemba zapadera nthawi zonse zingathe kubwerezedwa, monga:
- kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zosweka ndi zouma;
- kudula masamba ndi kuwombera ndi zizindikiro za matenda kapena zowonongeka;
- kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zopanda ntchito ndi zochepa za masamba.
Ndiponso, pamene chitsamba chimakula mitengo yokongola yokonzedwa:
- M'chaka chachitatu, pamwamba pa tchire timadulidwa ndi masentimita 10 mpaka 15, kuchokera pa nthambi zonse, 5-7 mwazamphamvu kwambiri komanso pali masamba ambirimbiri otsala, omwe amachokera ku chitsamba;
- m'chaka chachisanu, rejuvenating kudulira wa mphukira ikuchitika ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, thinned kunja tchire la wofiira currant;
- M'chaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri, iwo amapanga kudulira mitengo yokalamba yachitsulo;
Ndikofunikira! Mukakolola currant yofiira, muyenera kuyamba kukweza sprig, ndipo pokhapo mutenge zipatso. Njirayi imathandiza kusunga umphumphu wa masamba, omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri pakupanga zipatso zatsopano mu nyengo yotsatira.
Kuteteza kutentha kwa chisanu
Ngakhale kuti "Natalie" saopa nyengo yozizira, musanyalanyaze kubisala m'nyengo yozizira. Ndi bwino kubisa chitsamba ndi danga lozungulira tchire ndi mchenga kapena mtsinje wa sludge. Kutentha koteroko kumangosunga kokha kofiira kofiira, komanso kumateteza ku makoswe ndi tizirombo tina tating'onoting'ono omwe sasiya kudya mphukira zochepa. 
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
Sankhani yaikulu zoyenera mitundu yofiira currant "Natalie":
- zokolola zambiri ndi nthawi yaitali fruiting;
- kukwanitsa kutumiza zipatso pamtunda wautali popanda kutaya mawonekedwe ndi kulawa;
- chisamaliro;
- kukana bwino chisanu cha chisanu;
- kulimbana bwino ndi matenda ambiri a m'munda.
Malingana ndi wamaluwa ambiri, okhawo zovuta "Natalie" angatchedwe kutsika mphukira zake polemera kwa zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Mukamabzala mbande pamalowa muyenera kulingalira mbali iyi ya zosiyanasiyana ndikusiya malo ena pakati pa tchire.
Maphunziro pa kalasi yofiira currant "Natalie"
Pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo athu pa kukula kwa Natali zosiyanasiyana pa chiwembu chanu, pakati pa chilimwe mudzatha kusonkhanitsa zipatso zambiri zokoma komanso zathanzi, pamene zokolola zidzakhala zokwanira kuti zisunge nyengo yozizira.
