Kusiyana kosiyana ndi mpakaandsia: momwe mungasamalire chomera chodyeka

Tillandsia ndimapezeka weniweni kwa iwo amene amakonda zonse zosowa, zoyambirira komanso zachilendo. Choyimira nyumba chino chidzakhala chochititsa chidwi kwambiri mkati. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yosiyana ndi inzake, koma kukongoletsa masamba ndi maluwa okongola amakhalabe osasinthika. Tillandsia ikufunikira chisamaliro, choncho choyamba muyenera kuzolowera zokhazokha pazomwe mungakulire kunyumba. "Kusasinthika" kotereku sikunakhudze kutchuka kwake - okonda ziweto zobiriwira amakhulupirira moona kuti khama lomwe amalipeza ndi lopilira.

Kodi tillandsia amawoneka bwanji: malongosoledwe ndi chithunzi

Tillandsia (Tillandsia) - mtundu wa herbaceous perennials a banja lalikulu Bromeliaceae. Zimaphatikizira mbewu zosasiyananso (malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, pali mitundu 400 mpaka 550), momwe zimavuta kukaikira ngakhale achibale omwe ali kutali. Izi ndichifukwa malo achilengedwe a tillandsia ndi ochulukirapo. Amaphatikizapo mapiri, mapiri, ndi mapiri. Mwachilengedwe, makamaka ndi United States, Mexico, Argentina ndi Chile. Chomera chinakakamizidwa kuzolowera nyengo zosiyana kwambiri ndi nyengo, zomwe sizingafanane ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Kusiyana kwa maonekedwe a tillandsia ndi chifukwa cha kusasiyana kwa nyengo ndi nyengo m'malo akukulidwa.

Tillandsia adalandila mu 1753, kulemekeza katswiri wazomera zaku Sweden dzina lake Elias Tillands, yemwe adamufotokozera za sayansi. Amakhalanso ndi dzina la ndakatulo - "tsitsi la angelo", "ndevu zachikulire", "Louisiana" kapena "Moss waku Spain." Dzinalo lomaliza la mtengowo lidaperekedwa ndi nzika zaku America. Amwenye amakhala ndi tsitsi lakuthwa kumaso kwambiri. Koma pafupifupi osefera onse aku Spain omwe adafika kumtunda watsopano anali eni ndevu, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi imvi.

The socket ku tillandsia nthawi zambiri amakhala wandiweyani

Onse mpakaandsia akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

Yapansi kapena yobiriwira. Amakhala ndi tsinde lalifupi komanso mtundu wokhazikika wa masamba. Amakhala obiriwira owala mumtambo lanceolate kapena wopindika, yosalala. Kutalika kwakukulu ndi 30-40 cm, m'lifupi ndi masentimita 3-5. Mizu yake ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, yopangidwa.
Epiphytic, mlengalenga kapena "imvi". Alibe phesi. Masamba ndi amtundu wobiriwira kapena maolivi wokhala ndi buluku wopindika, wochepetsetsa kwambiri, pafupifupi wojambula (wochepera 1 cm mulitali ndi 20-25 cm). Amakutidwa ndi "mamba", mothandizidwa ndi iwo omwe amayamwa chinyezi ndi michere kuchokera mumlengalenga. Amakhala pamitengo, kugwiritsa ntchito "wolandirayo" ngati thandizo. Kukhalapo kwa kachitidwe kakapangidwe ka mizu ya mlengalenga ndichikhalidwe. Zomera ndizopanda pake, motero sizachilendo kunyumba.

Tillandsia, wa gulu la epiphytic, angathe kuphatikizidwa mndandanda wazomera zachilendo kwambiri zamkati

Kunyumba, moyo wa tillandsia ndi waufupi - osaposa zaka zisanu. Zimatha ndi chomera chamaluwa. Pambuyo pake, mayiyo amwalira, popeza anali atapanga mwana wamkazi m'modzi kapena angapo. Tillandsia imatulutsa zikwangwani zazikulu zapinki zowoneka bwino kwambiri kapena zaberi pakati pa malo ogulitsira, ofanana ndi khutu kapena tsamba la oar lomwe lili ndi "spikes" m'mphepete. Kenako maluwa atatu-oyera a lilac, lavenda kapena ofiirira amawonekera. Mitundu ya petals ndi yopapatiza, pang'onopang'ono imabwezeka.

Zojambula zowoneka bwino za tillandsia zimawonjezera chidwi ku chomera chowoneka kale

Izi ndizithunzi zotchuka kwambiri, koma pali zina - zofiirira, zoyera-ngati chipale, buluu wa mlengalenga, buluu wowala, korali, ofiira, achikaso. Matani onse ndi oyera kwambiri, kotero mpakaandsia akuwoneka ngati wowala. Amawoneka ngati kulenga kwa waluso waluso yemwe amakonda kugwira ntchito ndi utoto wa acrylic.

Maluwa a Tillandsia, mosiyana ndi mabreteni, samakhala nthawi yayitali pamalowo

Njira yonseyi imatenga pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Mwachilengedwe, maluwa ambiri amapezeka nthawi yotentha, koma kunyumba amatha kuyamba nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Mwakutero, ikhoza kulimbikitsidwa mwa kupopera mbewuyo mlunguwo kwa miyezi iwiri ndi iwiri ndi yankho la biostimulant yokonzedwa molingana ndi malangizo (Zircon, Heteroauxin). Pambuyo maluwa, chipatso chimacha - "bokosi" laling'ono lomwe lili ndi njere zazing'ono zambiri.

Sitandsia yachilendo imatha kukongoletsa zamkati chilichonse

Kanema: mpakaandsia pachimake

Masamba a Tillandsia amakondedwa kwambiri ndi mbalame zomwe zimakhala mumtsinje wa Mississippi. Amagwiritsa ntchito iwo kumanga zisa. Amawapeza akugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso amunamuna. Matumba, mapilo, mipando yazodzala ndi masamba owuma, ndipo otsatira gulu lachipembedzo la Voodoo amapanga zidole kudziwika kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi kuchokera kwa iwo.

Masamba a onse mpakaandsia ndi ochepa komanso owonda.

Kanema: Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ena a duwa

Ndi mitundu iti yomwe imalimidwa kunyumba

Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Tillandsia, ndi mitundu yokhayo yomwe idatha kuzolowera nyumba. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma ndionso ochepa. Kutchuka kwambiri:

Tillandsia tricolor (tricolor). Khazikitsani masentimita okwana masentimita okwana asanu ndi awiri ndi masamba owonda amtundu wochepa thupi wokutidwa ndi mamba. Kutalika kwamaso - pafupifupi masentimita 20. Dzinalo limachokera chifukwa cha mabulangete obiriwira kwambiri achikasu ndi obiriwira. Mithunzi imasintha kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba. Nthawi yomweyo, ma peduncle angapo amapangidwa. Maluwa ndi ofiirira.
Tillandsia fan (flabellata). Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi tricolor mpakaandsia, mabatani okha amasiyana. Ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo a tubular ndipo amapaka utoto wowala wa korali kapena ofiira.
Tillandsia buluu (soanea). Kutalika kwa malo omwe akutulutsa kuli pafupifupi masentimita 25. Kutalika kwa pepalali ndi pafupifupi 30 cm, m'lifupi mwake ndi 2.5-3 cm. Mthunzi waukulu ndi wobiriwira wowonekera, koma utoto wofiirira kapena wofiirira umangokayikidwanso. Peduncle m'malo achidule, nthawi zambiri opindika. Kutalika kwa inflorescence ndi pafupi 15 cm, m'lifupi ndi pafupi theka ilo. Ili ndi masamba 20. Crimson briche pamene akutulutsa kusintha kukhala udzu. Maluwa ndi a buluu-violet, samakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri.
Tillandsia Anita (anita). Wodziwika bwino kwambiri mwa kubereketsa ma hybrids, "kholo" ndi mpaka la bluu. Masamba ndi onenepa, opindika. Maluwa ndi amtambo buluu, mabulangeti ndi pinki komanso ofiirira. Pofika maluwa, iwo amakhala obiriwira.
Tillandsia Andre (andreana). Phesi ndi lalitali, lamasamba. Masamba amakhala ndi lamba, owonda, nthawi zina amapindika. Amakutidwa ndi mamba a bulauni. Duwa silikhala chomera; Maluwa ndi ofiira owala, ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 4 cm.
Tillandsia Arauje (araujei). Tsinde 25-30 cm wamtali, umodzi kapena nthambi. Masamba ndi afupiafupi, akuthwa, masentimita 3-7, mawonekedwe a silinda yokhala ndi mutu wowongoka. Chovala chimakutidwa ndi miyeso ya pinki. Bratch ndi rasipiberi, maluwa ndi oyera ngati chipale, ndi mainchesi a 2-3 cm.
Tillandsia ndiwambiri kapena bulbous (bulbosa). Mwachilengedwe, amapanga zigawo zonse, zophimba dothi ndi kapeti wopitilira. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumasiyana kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 20 mpaka 20 cm. Kutalika kwa tsamba ndi kutalika kwa 30 cm, m'lifupi ndi masentimita 5-8. Pamunsi pake pali kutupika kooneka bwino ndi mainchesi a 5-6 cm, pomwe kenako mwamphamvu. Peduncle wokutidwa ndi mamba ofiira. Broker amakhala obiriwira komanso ofiira, maluwa a lavenda.
Tillandsia ndi bryophyte kapena usneoides, imakhalanso "ndevu za agogo." Chomera chotchuka kwambiri cha gulu la epiphytic. Masamba ndi filform, amtundu wabiri kapena silifu, ofanana ndi ma cobwebs. Kutalika - mpaka 5 cm, m'lifupi - 1 mm. Alipo ambiri a iwo, chifukwa cha metre -sitali pamtundu wamtundu wa "Cascade" umapangidwa. Chomera chimawoneka chowoneka bwino chikadzagwa kuchokera pachiyimira. Sichifuna thandizo. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, achikaso achikasu kapena obiriwira achikaso. Pali kusinthika kwachilengedwe komwe kumakhala mabuluu.
Tillandsia filamentous (filifolia). Kutalika kwa malo omwe akutulutsa kuli pafupifupi masentimita 25. Masamba ali obiriwira owoneka bwino, peduncle ndi brownish. Mu inflorescence wa 10-16 masamba. Khutu ndilotakata kwambiri, pafupifupi. Maluwa ndi ochepa (1-1,5 cm m'mimba mwake), utoto wofiirira.
Tillandsia bent (recurvata). Zimayambira mpaka kutalika kwa 10 cm ndipo kutulutsa kumakhala kwakukulu pang'ono kutalika. Masamba ndi ochepa kupyapyala, ofewa, kutalika kwa masentimita 156. Amayenda mpaka 15cm kutalika, pubescent. Chilichonse chokhala ndi maluwa chimakhala ndi maluwa 1-2 okha. Mitundu ya mandala ndi lilac kapena yoyera.
Tillandsia silvery (argentea). Tsamba ndi lalifupi, mpaka 5 cm. Kutalika kwa rosette ndi pafupifupi masentimita 25. Masamba otsekemera mkati mwake amakutidwa ndi "milu" yoyera kapena yofiyira, amasiyira pomwepo. Kutalika - 7-10 masentimita, m'lifupi - osapitilira 2-3 mm. Peduncle yosalala, yowongoka kapena ya faifi tambala. Mu inflorescence wa maluwa a 6-8 okhala ndi miyala yofiirira.
Tillandsia ndiwosinthidwa kawiri (ancess). Rosette wowonda kwambiri wa 40-50 amasiya kutalika kwa 8-10 cm. Mabulogi ndi oyera oyera, oyera ngati utoto.
Tillandsia Linden (lindenii). Mukutulutsa masamba 30 mpaka 60. Kutalika kwapakati - 20-25 masentimita, m'lifupi - 1.5-2 masentimita. Brices amakhala rasipiberi kapena kapezi. Maluwa ndi akulu (kupitilira masentimita 5), buluu wakuda. Maziko a pamakhala ndi zoyera.
Tillandsia violet-flowered (ionantha). Zovala zazing'ono zamasamba obiriwira. Broker amakhala amtambo kapena lavenda. Akapangika, masamba pakati pa rosette amayamba kufiira.
Tillandsia Dyer (dyilisi). Rosette imakhala ndi masamba ofanana ndi singano za paini. Broker ndi coral, maluwa ndi pinki.
Tillandsia mutu wa Medusa (caput-medusae). Masamba a masamba omwe ali pansipo amayandikira kwambiri kotero kuti amapanga china chake chomwe chimawoneka ngati anyezi kapena pseudobulb wa orchid. Malangizo awo amawerama kumbuyo. Mabulogi ndi burgundy kapena rasipiberi, maluwa ndi amtambo wowala. Kuchokera kutali, mbewuyi imafanana ndi jellyfish kapena squid.
Tillandsia kutulutsa (stricta). Masamba ali ngati mawonekedwe amiyala yopapatiza, yofanana ndi masamba. Kutalika - 15-20 masentimita, m'lifupi - 0,5-1 masentimita. Ma Broker kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba pakusintha utoto kuchokera ku pinki ya pastel kukhala kapezi. Maluwa ndi a lilac.

Chithunzi: Tillandsia, wotchuka ndi wamaluwa amateur

: Mu mpakaandsia kutalikirana, mitsitsi yokhotakhota nthawi zambiri imapangika

: Mutu wa Tillandsia Medusa umayambitsa mayanjano ndi nthano yotchuka

: Tillandsia Dyer ili ndi ma bracts ndi maluwa owala kwambiri

: Masamba pakati penipeni pa mpakaandsia violet wotulutsa maluwa amasanduka ofiira ngati mafomu a peduncle

: Tillandsia Lindena - nthumwi yoyimira mtundu

: Tillandsia-lakuthwa konsekonse ndikosavuta kusiyanitsidwa ndi mabulashi oyera-oyera

: Tillandsia silvery imawoneka yachilendo kwambiri kotero kuti sizimawoneka ngati nthumwi yazomera zapadziko lapansi

: Masamba a tillandsia akukhazikika kuti agwire ndi ofewa, ngakhale simungathe kudziwa mawonekedwe

: Tillandsia nitelist amalungamitsa dzinali

: Mukayang'ana ku tillandsia mossy, ndizovuta kukhulupirira kuti ichi ndi mbewu mwachikhalidwe, osati skein wa ulusi

: Tillandsia wa bulbous adatchulidwa chifukwa cha kukula kwake pansi pamasamba

: Tillandsia Arauye ali ndi maluwa oyera osowa kwambiri

: Tillandsia Andre, mosiyana ndi "abale", samapanga mwana wapaulendo

: Tillandsia Anita - wotchuka wosakanizidwa wotchuka

: Tillandsia buluu nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'nyumba zamaluwa

: Tillandsia fan amakumbukira kwambiri tricolor mpakaandsia, amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi khungwa

: Tillandsia tricolor imawoneka ngati hedgehog wopindika

Mulingo woyenera wa mbewu

Ndiosavuta kupangira microclimate yodziwika bwino mpakaandsia m'ndende. Zomera m'chilengedwe zimazolowera kusintha nyengo kuti sizikhala nthawi yabwino nyengo ndi nyengo.

Gome: momwe mungapangire maluwa oyenera microclimate

Choyimira	Malangizo
Malo	Windo lakuwonekera pazenera loyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Kupatula kwake ndi mpaka kwa bluu waandandsia, ndibwino kuti muziyika pazenera lakumpoto. Mpweya wabwino komanso kusapezeka kwa zojambula zofunika. Tillandsia iliyonse imafunikira malo okwanira kuti magazi azitha kuyenda momasuka. M'chilimwe, mutha kupita ndi potuluka panja. Ndikofunika kuyiyika mophweka pang'ono, kupereka chitetezo ku mphepo ndi mvula. Epiphytic mpakaandsia iyenera kusungidwa mwapadera kapena maluwa obiriwira pang'ono.
Kuwala	Aliyense mpakaandsii m'magulu samalolera kuwunika mwachindunji. Chosankha chabwino kwambiri "chobiriwira" - kuwala kowonekera bwino chaka chonse. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu, mudzafunika kuwunikiranso ndi fluorescent kapena phytolamps apadera. Epiphytic mpakaandsia akumva bwino pang'onopang'ono, mumsana mchipindacho ndikuwunikira kwathunthu.
Kutentha	Kutentha kwambiri kwa mtengowo ndikuwononga. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha m'malo osiyanasiyana 22-28 inº, nthawi yozizira - tsitsani mpaka 20ºС. "Green" mpakaandsia sipulumuka "kuzizira" pansi pa 18 ° C, epiphytic adzafa pa 12 ° C. Kusiyana kwatsiku ndi tsiku (makamaka m'chilimwe) ndizabwinonso.
Chinyezi cha mpweya	Kwa epiphytes yaandandsian, chinyezi cha mpweya wokwanira (80% kapena kuposa) ndichizindikiro chofunikira. Kupanda kutero, sangathe kuyamwa michere kuchokera mumlengalenga. Mu Tillandsia wobiriwira "ndikokwanira kubisa dothi pamoto ndi chonyowa sphagnum moss kapena coconut fiber, kupanga" kampani "yazomera zina ndikumapaka ndi madzi ofunda nthawi zonse pakapita masiku atatu. Chizindikiro choyenera cha chinyezi kwa iwo ndi 50-60%.

Malo a tillandsia amasankhidwa potengera gulu lawo

Tillandsia, makamaka epiphytic, amawoneka mochititsa chidwi kwambiri mu nyimbo. Chochita chodziwika bwino ndi "mtengo wa bromeliad." Kupanga zokongoletsera zamkati ndizosavuta - wophunzitsira maluwa yekha kudzera m'malingaliro ake. Zomera zomwe zimamveredwa motere, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:

Osagwiritsa ntchito nkhuni zopakidwa ndi ma varnish ndi mankhwala ena owopsa kuzomera;
kukulani pansi pamalowo ndi konyowa sphagnum moss ndikungomugwirizanitsa ndi chithandizo;
ngati ndi kotheka, akonzeni ndi waya (woyikiratu), gwiritsani ntchito guluu ngati njira yomaliza.

Mtengo wa Tillandsia bromeliad umawoneka wokongola kwambiri

Kanema: mpakaandsia m'maluwa

Small mpakaandsia kumva bwino mu maluwa

Kubzala ndi Kupititsa Ndondomeko

Kuyika kwa Tillandsia ndikofunikira kokha kuti chotsegulira chomera chomwe chatapeza chikhale chosagwirizana nacho. Sizosiyana pakukula, chifukwa chake maluwa atafa, rosette ikafa, imatha kukhalapo mumphika umodzi, ngakhale kwa zaka 4-5. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthaka yayitali 2-3 pachaka ndikuisintha ndi dothi latsopano.

Gawo lolondola laandandsia ali ngati dothi munthawi yomweyo mawu. Mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa ndi bromeliad kapena ma orchid, kapena kusakaniza nokha kuchokera ku dothi la pepalalo, zinyalala za peat ndi ma sphagnum moss osankhidwa bwino (1: 1: 1). Njira ina ndi humus, peat, moss-sphagnum ndi mchenga wowuma (4: 1: 1: 1). Onetsetsani kuti mwawonjezera makala opindika kapena choko (5-7% ya buku lonse).

Tillandsia itha kukhala mu dothi lapadera la ma orchid

Momwe mizu yaandandsia imapangidwira bwino, imakula m'lifupi, chifukwa chake sankhani mphika wosaya, wofanana ndi mbale ya saladi kapena mbale. Ndibwino ngati ipangidwa ndi ceramic wosatulutsa - kusinthana koyenera kwa mpweya.

Tillandsia kuya kwamphamvu mphika sikofunikira konse

Njira yoika zinthu zokha zikuwoneka motere:

Thirirani mbewuyo zochuluka. Pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40, chotsani mosamala mumphika, kusamala kuti musawononge ngakhale mizu yopyapyala. Bwino, bampu ya dothi iyenera kukhalabe yolimba.
Pansi pa chidebe chatsopano, tsanulirani dongo lokulitsa ndi wosanjikiza masentimita 2-3. Onjezani gawo lofanana la gawo lapansi mwatsopano.
Ikani nyemba zadothi mumphika ndikuyamba kudzaza dothi m'mphepete. Mukamachita izi, muyenera kuipukuta nthawi zonse kuti malo ogulitsirawo azigwira mwamphamvu dothi lotayirira.Mizu yokhazikitsidwa nthawi zonse imagwirizana ndi ntchitoyi.
Chotsani chomera chomwe chiikidwa pompera. Osamwetsa madzi masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Kuyika kwa Tillandsia kumachitika pokhapokha kudzera mu njira ya transshipment.

Ma Nuances ofunikira a Tillandsia Home Care

Tillandsia amadziwika kuti ndi chomera chovuta kuchisamalira. Zovuta zazikulu pakukonza kwake zimakhudzana ndi kuthirira.

Kuthirira

Munthawi yamasamba akhama, makamaka nthawi yotentha, mpakaandsia amafunikira chinyezi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthirira pansi kokwanira nthawi zambiri sikokwanira, muyenera kuthira madzi m'malo omwewo. Dothi lomwe lili mumphika liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse (koma osati lonyowa). Madzi ochulukirapo kuchokera poto ayenera kuthiridwa, m'malo mwake amawaikiratu masiku 3-4.

Popeza kuti duwa liyenera kuthiridwe madzi nthawi yomweyo limasainidwa ndi masamba otumphuka opindika. Ngati kuyanika kotero m'nthaka kwachitika, ikani mphika waandandia m'chotengera chamadzi kuti madziwo akwaniridwe mpaka maola 900. Kenako yikani bwino ndikusintha dongosolo la kuthirira.

Kuphatikiza apo, duwa limapoperedwa tsiku lililonse (pamoto ngakhale katatu patsiku). Kusamba kotentha kumathandizanso kwa mbewu za epiphytic, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuthirira.

Spray ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yodutsira mpakaandsia, makamaka epiphytic

Madzi azikhala ofewa komanso otenthetsera kutentha kwa 5-7ºC pamwamba pa chipinda. Zabwino - Sungunulani kapena mvula. Koma madziwo amatha kufewetsa ndikuloleza kuti ayime kwa masiku 1-2, akudutsa mu fyuluta kapena kuwira.

Kanema: kuthirira epiphytic mpakaandsia

Ntchito feteleza

Tillandsia amadyetsedwa panthawi yamasamba akhama, akumaza pafupifupi milungu iwiri iliyonse ndi yankho la feteleza wosavuta aliyense wamaluwa omera maluwa kapena chida chapadera cha orchid. Poyambirira, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwalawa kumachepetsedwa ndi theka (kwa wamba wambaandandia) kapena kanayi (kwa mlengalenga) poyerekeza ndi wopangidwayo. Zochepa zimatha kuwonjezeredwa ku malo ogulitsira, koma osati nthawi iliyonse.

Kuvala kwamizu sikulimbikitsidwa kwaandandsia

Kuvala kwamizu yodutsa mpakaandsia ndi kowopsa. Mutha kuwotcha mizu yopyapyala ngakhale yankho lofowoka. Mwakutero, mpakaandsia adzapulumuka ndipo amatha kuphuka popanda kuvala pamwamba, koma kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumalimbikitsa kukula kwake ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe.

Samalani ndi kapangidwe ka feteleza. Ndikofunika kuti mkuwa ukhalepo pochepa kwambiri kapena ayi. Izi zofunikira ndizopanda bromeliad iliyonse.

Nthawi yopumula

Nthawi yopuma ku tillandsia sichinafotokozedwe bwino. Maluwa amatha kuchitika ngakhale pakati pa dzinja. Chomera chimafuna kuchepa kwambiri kutentha. Zofunikira zowunikira zimakhalabe chimodzimodzi.

M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umathiriridwa kamodzi pakatha masiku atatu, kulola kuti nthaka ikhale youma 1.5-2 cm. Kudzikidwenso nthawi zambiri - pafupifupi kamodzi pa sabata. Zotsatirazi sizikugwira ntchito ku epiphytic mpakaandsia, yomwe singakhale ndi moyo popanda chinyontho cha tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kudyetsa kuyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu. Kupanda kutero, "wobiriwira" mpakaandsia sichimera chaka chamawa, ndipo epiphytic akhoza kungofa.

Kanema: momwe angasamalire mpakaandsia

Zolakwika wamba

Zolakwika za maluwa osakonzekera zimapangitsa kutiandandia asayang'ane bwino kwambiri. Makamaka chomera chimakhala ndi chinyezi chochepa kwambiri.

Gome: momwe zolakwika zosamaliridwa ndi mpakaandsia zimawonekera

Maonekedwe a mbewu	Chifukwa chotheka
Pulogalamu yamayi ili youma.	Pambuyo maluwa, iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe. Nthawi yomweyo, "ana" amapangidwa. Kupanda kutero, izi zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa chinyontho m'nthaka komanso m'mlengalenga.
Malangizo a masamba amasanduka bulauni.	Kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi chochepa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira kwa ozizira ndi / kapena madzi olimba.
Masamba amasiya kuuma, kukhazikika, kupindika.	Chomera sichidamwe madzi kwanthawi yayitali, nthaka ili youma.
Pansi pa malo ogulitsira kumada ndi kuzungulira.	Bay of maluwa, makamaka ngati chipindacho ndichabwino. Kapena kuvala mizu m'malo mwa foliar.
Amasenda masamba kapena masamba achikasu.	Mtengowo udalandidwa chifukwa chakuwonekera nthawi yayitali dzuwa.
Pang'onopang'ono kukula, wopunduka masamba.	Kuperewera pang'ono kapena dothi losayenera.

Malangizo odukiza ndi owuma a masamba a tillandsia amawonetsa kuti mbewu siikhala yabwino ndi chinyezi chochepa kwambiri

Bzalani matenda ndi tizirombo

Monga ma bromeliad onse, mpakaandsia, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, samakhala ndi matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Njira zodzitetezera zosavuta zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda pafupifupi zero:

kudzipatula kwa mbewu zomwe zapezeka kumene mkati mwa masiku 20-25;
kuyendera kwa sabata kwa zosonkhanitsira (makamaka kudzera mu galasi lokulitsa) ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mitundu yonse ya anthu ikhale ndi zotsimikizika;
kuyika kwaulere kwa miphika pawindo, popanda kubowola ndi kukhazikika;
kutsukitsa tsiku ndi tsiku kuchipindacho, kusunga mbewuzo kukhala zoyera;
kusunga chinyezi cha mpweya pamalo okwera kwambiri, kuthirira koyenera;
kuvala kwapamwamba molingana ndi malingaliro;
gwiritsani ntchito dothi lokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda okhaokha, chosawilitsidwa miphika ndi zida.

Gome: Matenda ndi tizirombo ta Tillandsian

Matenda kapena tizilombo	Mawonetsero akunja	Njira zoyendetsera
Zovunda	Pansi pa malo ogulitsirako masamba akuda bii, masamba a bulauni akudaira masamba. Chovala chimafewa, gawo lapansi limakhala loumbika. Chomera chimanunkhira zowola.	Vuto lomwe limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zowola zimatha kuwonongeka. "Opaleshoni" itha kuthandiza m'mayendedwe oyambira, koma sizitanthauza kupambana. Dulani masamba onse, kuphatikizapo omwe ali ndi zowonongeka pang'ono. Finyani magawo ndi choko chophwanyika, makala, sinamoni. Chitani zinthu zina, kusinthiratu nthaka ndikuyamba kutenga poto watsopano. Mu gawo laling'ono, sakanizani magawo a Gliocladin, Alirina-B. Kwa mwezi umodzi, thirirani mbewu ndi 0,25% yankho la Diskora, Vectra, Fitosporin kapena yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (0,1 g / l).
Ma bala a bulauni (phylosticosis)	Masamba, kuyambira otsika kwambiri, mawanga a azitona amawonekera, pang'onopang'ono amasintha mtundu kukhala udzu. Mbali yolakwika imakutidwa ndi chosanjikiza chosaletseka chodera chobiriwira.	Dulani masamba onse omwe akhudzidwa ndi bowa. Palibe ntchito kuchotsa magawo a minofu imodzi. Spray yotsalira ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (0,25 g / l) kapena ufa ndi kufufutira nkhuni, sulufule ya colloidal. Pambuyo masiku atatu, gwiritsani ntchito rosette ndi dothi ndi yankho la Abig-Peak, Strobi, Vitaros. Bwerezani izi patadutsa masiku 7 mpaka 7 mpaka zizindikirike.
Mealybug	"Zofunda" zazing'ono ngati kuti zimachokera ku ubweya wa thonje pakati pamasamba, pakatikati pa malo ogulitsira, pamunsi pake. Masamba amayamba kuzimiririka ndikuuma.	Pinyani mbewuyo ndi chithovu cha sopo ndi mowa wowonjezera kapena vodika. Pambuyo maola awiri, muzisamba pansi pa bafa, ndikuchotsa "zibowo" ndi mtengo. Kwa masiku awiri, ikani maluwa ndi chidebe ndi anyezi wosenda kapena adyo pansi pa thumba la pulasitiki. Ngati ndi kotheka, yesani kupangitsa malo okhala kuti asavutike. Ngati njirayi imagwira ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito Tanrek, Rogor, Nurell-D. Pamafunika mankhwala a 2-3 ndikwanira kwa masiku 5 mpaka 10.
Muzu wa mphutsi	Masamba amazirala, kukula kwa duwa pafupifupi kumayima. Nthaka imachoka kumbali yakumphepete, pomwe pansi pake pali phula loyera. M'dothi, makamaka pamizu - matuwa oyera.	Konzani chidebe chotentha (45-50ºС) chomera, ndikuchisiya mu thanki kwa mphindi 10-15. Simungagwiritse ntchito madzi wamba, koma yankho la Actara, Allound. Thirani dothi ndi yankho la Apache, Dantop, Confidor-Maxi. Bwerezani kwa miyezi itatu masiku 10 aliwonse. Nthawi yomweyo, finyani dothi ndi rosette ndi decoction ya cyclamen tubers pakapita masiku atatu alionse.
Chishango cha Bromeliad	Ziphuphu zazing'ono zazithunzi zingapo za bulauni zimawonekera pamasamba (makamaka mkati). Amatupa mwachangu, tiziwalo totizungulira timakhala ofiira komanso achikasu.	Valani zipolopolo za tizirombo towoneka ndi turpentine, viniga, mafuta a injini. Pambuyo maola ochepa, alonda amatha kuchotsedwa. Pukuta masamba ndi suds sopo, sambani chomera. Chitani ndi Fundazole, Permethrin, Metaphos. Bwerezaninso katatu kenakake masiku 7-10.
Whitefly	Tizilombo toyera tating'ono, tofanana ndi njenjete, timadzuka mlengalenga, mumangofunika kukhudza maluwa.	Gwira ntchentche zakale kapena kuwuluka misampha. Fumigator wamba imathandizanso ngati imagwira ntchito popanda yopumira masiku atatu. Tsiku lililonse, m'mawa kwambiri, vulitsani maluwa, kusonkhetsa zovala zansalu. Pukuta dothi ndikusiya tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ma infusions a tsabola wotentha, mpiru wowuma, ndi fodya wosapindika. Ngati palibe zotsatira, chitani ndi Actara, Bitoxibacillin, Fury, Marshall. Bwerezani masiku onse atatu mpaka agulugufe atheretu.

Zithunzi Zojambula: Tillandsian matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

: Gulugufe ndiwosavuta kuzindikira komanso kuzindikira, koma kuchotsa ndichovuta.

: Zithandizo za anthu othana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizothandiza - amatetezedwa molimba ndi chipolopolo cholimba

: Ndikothekanso kutsimikizira molondola kupezeka kwa mphutsi ya muzu pokhapokha mutachotsa mbewuyo mumphika

: Masamba omwe amakhudzidwa ndi mealybug amasandulika chikaso ndikuuma

: Mawonekedwe a bulauni amafalikira kumera wonse kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba.

: Muzu wozungulira ungathe kuchiritsidwa pokhapokha matendawa atadwala

Njira zolerera

Njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino mwachilengedwe imakhala kuzika mizu ya ana aakazi, omwe amapangidwa panthawi ya kufa kwa amayi pambuyo pa maluwa. Palibe amene amaletsa kufalitsa mpaka mpaka ndi mbewu, koma njirayi imatenga nthawi yambiri ndikuchita khama. Muyeneranso kukhala oleza mtima. Zatsopano sizidzaphuka kuposa zaka 5 pambuyo pake. Nthawi zina mutha kudikirira zaka 8-10. Chosiyana ndi Anita's mpakaandsia, chomwe chimapangika pakatha zaka 2-3.

Njira yosavuta yofalitsira epiphytic mpakaandsia. Njira zamasamba zokha ndizoyenera. Ndikokwanira kumasula mizu mosamala, kugawa chomera chimodzi kukhala "magulu" awiri awiri. Kapena pezani mphukira imodzi kapena ingapo, konzekerani pa chithandizo ndikuthira tsiku ndi tsiku ndi yankho la chowonjezera cha mizu.

"Ana" ozika mizu

Tillandsia "makanda" omwe amawonekera pafupi ndi chomera cha amayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mizu. Ayenera kukhala osasunthika pansi kuchokera pamene iwo atalika pafupifupi theka la iye. Kapena "kholo" likauma, chotsani mbewuyo mumphika ndikusesa dothi. Njira yosavuta ndiyoti pakakhala "ana" m'modzi. Zimangotengera kuchotsa mosamala malo akale.

Tillandsia amapanga zolumikizana zolumikizana pambuyo maluwa

Dzazani makapu ang'onoang'ono ndi chisakanizo cha tchipisi cha peat ndi mchenga woonda (1: 1). Mutha kuwonjezera owaza sphagnum moss. Udongo wokulirapo pansi ndi kupezeka kwa dzenje lakuchotsa kumafunikira.
Sinthani gawo lapansi mofatsa ndikugwetsa malo ogulitsira. Samafunika kuti aikidwe m'manda.
Ikani zotetezazo mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pangani "greenhouse" pogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo apulasitiki, mitsuko yagalasi, matumba. Muzipereka masana maola osachepera maola 14 ndi kutentha pafupifupi 25 ° C.
Sungani gawo lapansi nthawi zonse mumvula yonyowa pang'ono, ndikumawaza ndi yankho la chilichonse chothandizira (3-5 ml / l). Tsegulani wowonjezera kutentha kwa mphindi 5-10 tsiku lililonse kuti mpweya wabwino.
Pambuyo pamiyezi iwiri kapena itatu, ndikulowetsani mpakaandsia mumiphika wokhala ndi mainchesi 7-10 cm, odzaza ndi dothi loyenererana ndi mbeu za akulu.

Kuberekera ndi zigawo za mwana wamkazi - njira yoperekedwa ndi chilengedwe chomwe

Kumera kwa mbeu

Mbewu za Tillandsia zitha kugulidwa popanda mavuto. Nthawi zambiri zipatso zimakhazikika kunyumba.

Mbewu za Tillandsia nthawi zambiri zimakhazikika kunyumba, ngati sizinachitike, zitha kugulidwa popanda mavuto m'masitolo apadera

Dzazani zotengera ziwirizi ndi chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga (1: 1). Sinthani bwino ndikusalala bwino gawo lapansi.
Fesani njere panthaka popanda kuzama kapena kugona pamwamba. Phimbani ndigalasi kapena filimu.
Muziperekanso zofanana ndi "ana". Kuwombera kumawonekera masiku 25-30.
Mbalezo zikafika kutalika kwa 4-5 masentimita, zibzalani m'miphika yosiyana. Kusamalira kwina nkwachibadwa.

Kanema: njira zolerera mpaka kuandsia kunyumba

Ndemanga

Anandipatsa duwa lopanda tanthauzo kuchokera kumapewa a njonda, yomwe amandipatsa mongaandandsia: tchire lokongola kwambiri lomwe limakhala ndi masamba ataliitali mumphika wowopsa. Sindinakonde duwa, ndinasankha kulipereka kwa munthu wina ndipo ndinayamba kuyang'ana "manja abwino". Osati zophweka. Ndichisoni kupatsa aliyense, akadali wamoyo, ndipo si vuto lake kuti ndi woipa kwambiri. Ndinaganiza zomupatsa mphika watsopano asanakwane. Anayamba kusinthana, adadzifunsa kuti ndi nthaka yanji yolimba yomwe anali nayo - imawoneka ngati mchenga wokhala ndi zinyalala zamtundu wina komanso dongo lotukulidwa. Wobzalidwa m'nthaka wamba waminda, wocheperako komanso mchenga, amangowoneka ngati kabowo. Ndipo ndidaganiza zowerenga za iye. Ndipo ndidazindikira kuti "mchenga wokhala ndi zinyalala" ndi gawo laling'ono lomwe limakonzedwera, monga komwe ma orchid amadzala. Ndipo limamasula bwino (zikamukomera). Ndipo ndinazichita m'dziko wamba! Ndidathamangira kuti ndikawone zomwe zikumuchitikira, ndikuwona kuti masamba adawongoka ndipo tsopano samapendekeka ngati zofunda, koma ndikuyang'ana mokondwa, onse adakhala obiriwira (kuchokera bulauni), ndipo atsopano adayamba kukula. Tsopano ndikukhazikitsa ubongo wanga. Nthaka sizomwe zimamufunira, koma amazikonda. Mwa njira, ndidasintha malingaliro anga pakuwapatsa wina.
Kalinka
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Palibe chochita ndi pedandcle mpakaandsia. Ikadzaza, imabereka ana, mbewu ya mayi ingafe, kapena ingakhalebe ndi moyo. Maluwa achiwiri a Bromeliad sanathe kudikirira. Mabukuwa amanena kuti maluwa a Bromeliad amatulutsa kamodzi m'moyo wonse, amafa atamasulidwa, kusiya ana, ana awa amakula ndipo amatulutsa chaka chachitatu ... Ndipo zina.
Zamtchire
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Tillandsia ndichinsinsi. Duwa lokhalo louma, pomwe nthawi yomweyo linakwera, linzake mokulira! Koma sichinaululidwe. Kaya zawululidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena china chake chikusowa, sichikanauma. Koma kuchokera kumbali yoyamba kachiwiri nsonga ya duwa lotsatira idawonekera. Ndidawerenga kuti amangoyendetsa maluwa awiri nthawi imodzi, osatinso, ena onse amatsegulidwa mu dongosolo, pobwezeretsa wakufayo.
Ax
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Ndimakonda Tillandsia kwambiri. Awa si ana wamba omwe amakhalapo popanda dothi labwino la mbewu. Amatenga zinthu zonse zofunika kuti akhale ndi moyo kuchokera kumlengalenga, fumbi la mlengalenga mothandizidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono pomwe masamba ake amaphimbidwa ... Mukawaza michere yam'mlengalenga ndi madzi, imasanduka yobiriwira.
Linsi
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Ndaphatikiza ma butancies anga achichepere. Pansi pa moss amoyo amalumikizidwa ku cortex yokhala ndi ma polyethylene mesh (kuchokera pansi pa masamba), ndikuyika mabotolo a mpakaandsia m'mabowo a mauna. Pomwe bwalolo lili, mbewuzo zikakula, zitheka kupachika. Ndinafotokozera moyo pa shelufu yokhala ndi ma orchid opanga ma magetsi okumba, koma apo, komabe, kuyatsidwa kuchokera pansi kumapezeka. Ndimapopera pang'ono tsiku lililonse m'mawa.
Mabulosi akutchire
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Zomera za bromeliad zili ndi izi: maluwa atatha, maluwa akale amapita pang'onopang'ono, atabereka mwana m'modzi kapena kuposerapo. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a mawanga owuma anu mpakaandsia mwina akuphatikizidwa ndi njirayi. Ngati mukuthirira kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale kuchokera kumwamba, kuvunda kumatha kuyamba, komwe (osaphatikizidwa), kumakhudza ana. Ngati ana apangidwa kale, atha kuyikidwa dothi lotayirira, koma ndibwino kuti muchite izi posachedwa.
Mayi-pansi
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Mai mpakaandsia amakula popanda terariyo. Ndipo sindimawaza, koma madzi osamba ofooka ndi ma orchid tsiku lililonse. Mutu wa jellyfish wakhala ndi ine kwa zaka 5-6. Ogulidwa ndi chithandizo - amakhala ndi minyewa ya silicone. Zomwe ndidagula mosiyana zimamangidwa ndi zofewa zotanuka (kuchokera ku ma tights) kupita ku ma snags - izi sizikuwavulaza.Koma ndikuganiza kuti pali chochitika china chopambana.
Mzinda
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Sindikudziwa bwino mpaka pano, koma malinga ndi zomwe aphunzirawa, the ionant tillandsia ndiye wochita chidwi kwambiri. Ndipo Fushi gracilis ndiye wozizira kwambiri, masamba owonda. Ndiotentha yapakatikati, ndiyowuma pang'ono kuti onse awonongeke, koma azikhalapobe mpaka kumapeto. Utsi makamaka ndi madzi ofewa, owiritsa kapena osasankhidwa. Mwina mungayike chikwama chadothi chonyowa pansi pawo? Ndinkayesa chinyezi mnyumbayo ndi chipangizocho: chikuwonetsa 20%, izi ndizowopsa zazinthu zonse zamoyo.
Karryteddy
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Tillandsia ili ndi rosette yolimba ya masamba obiriwira odera obiriwira mpaka masentimita 30. inflorescence yayikulu yowoneka ngati utoto wamtundu wowala wa pinki imakula pakati pa rosette. M'malo abwino, maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtambo wabuluu kapena wofiirira amayamba kuphukira kuchokera m'makutu a khutu ili. Ndikofunikira kuthirira maluwa nthawi zambiri, koma osadzaza. Mutha kupopera. Osachokapo dzuwa. Maluwa otere sakonda kukoka. Woyamba wanga mpakaandsia adayamba kutulutsa maluwa amtambo, kapena m'malo mwake, panali china chake ngati impso, koma ndidatsegula zenera kuti mpweya wabwino uchipinda. Kunalinso kuzizira kunja. Mwambiri, masamba awa adamwalira ndipo duwa silidaphukanso. Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri, mtundu wa pinki unayamba kuzimiririka ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono unasandulika kukhala wobiriwira. Maluwa a buluu amatulutsa kwa pafupifupi sabata, ndipo nthongo imatenga nthawi yayitali. Mtundu wa pinki utayamba kuwoneka wobiriwira, izi zikutanthauza kuti duwa layamba kumera, posachedwa limayamba kuuma. Mafuta anga oyamba mpakaandsia adayamba kuuma, koma ana aang'ono adayamba kukula pamalo ogulitsira ambiri. Ndidadula choyala chouma chodzoza ndipo ndidabzala ana kuchotse komwe kuli ana m'miphika yaying'ono. Kubzala tilandsia ndikosavuta kwambiri, ndikuyesayesa pang'ono kuti mumtulutsire mwana kumtunda waukulu ndikusunthira mumphika, kuwonjezera nthaka ndipo mwatha! Ndidawerenga pa intaneti kuti duwa lalikulu liyenera kufa, koma ndili ndi wamkulu komanso ana, ngakhale ndidatsitsa pang'ono tsamba lalikulu. Ana pano akutulutsa. Ndidawerenga pa intaneti kuti zimatenga zaka 3-4 kuti anawo atulutsa. Pangotha chaka chokha. Mutha kudyetsa maluwa ndi njira zapadera zomwe zimakhala zoyenera kwa ma orchid. M'masitolo, maluwa oterowo amagulitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi kiyuni ya pinki, kuti mutha kudzigulira nokha maluwa osadalawo ndikuwonera chitukuko chake kwa miyezi ingapo ndipo, mwatsoka, kuyanika.
Perfjulia
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Tillandsia ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino zakunyumba kuchokera ku banja la Bromeliad. Maonekedwe ake achilendo komanso maluwa odabwitsa nthawi yomweyo amakopa chidwi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupanga nyimbo zamkati - apa mwiniwakeyo amangokhala ndi malingaliro ake okha. Tillandsia sitingathe kutchedwa chomera chosamalira, koma mphamvu zonse ndi nthawi yomwe zimamasulidwa ndi wolemba zamalonda ndizolipiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha chikhalidwe.