Peperomia ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira wochokera ku banja la tsabola. Mwachilengedwe, imapezeka m'nkhalango zopanda miyala komanso pamiyala yamiyala yam'malo otentha komanso otentha. Mphukira zosinthika ndi masamba okoma a mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu zimapangitsa peperomia kukhala chomera chotchuka pakati pa olima maluwa. Kusiyanitsa mitundu ya mitundu kumakulolani kuti musankhe toyesa ndi zofunika kunja. Kuti chomera chizika mizu ndikukula mwachangu, ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire malamulo ena osamalira ndikuwapangira nyengo yabwino.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Peperomia - chomera chamtchire kapena shrub yokhala ndi minofu yofikira panyumba. Nthawi zambiri imatsogolera moyo wa epiphyte kapena lithophyte. Chaka chilichonse, mphukira zimawonjezeredwa mpaka 13 cm. Kukhala ndi mawonekedwe opitilira, mbewu zimakhala 20-50 cm zokha.
Masamba amakula pamimba ndipo amaphatikizika ndi petioles. Kutengera mitundu, mawonekedwe a masamba ndi osiyanasiyana. Pali tsamba loonda kapena lanyama (labwino), lopaka utoto wobiriwira, emarodi kapena wobiriwira wakuda. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi masamba owoneka ndi masamba agolide, bulauni kapena siliva.
Ngakhale chidwi chomera ndichotere masamba, peperomia imatha kutulutsa. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi nthawi yophukira-chilimwe. Pakadali pano, inflorescence wandiweyani, makutu a chimanga, ngati chomera, amawuka pamwamba pa mphukira kuchokera kumachimidwe amiyala yam'mwamba. Zojambulazo ndi zonona kapena zonyezimira. Kusintha kwa mapangidwe ndi zipatso kumachitika mwachilengedwe, mothandizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya tizilombo. Chipatsochi ndi mabulosi owuma ozungulira okhala ndi njere zazing'ono zambiri. Zipatso zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira pakukhudza pang'ono.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Zokwanira, mitundu ya 1161 inalembedwa mu genus peperomia. Zomera payokha zimatha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake. Mu chikhalidwe chachipinda, mitundu yoposa 1-2 ya mbewu zomwe zimapezeka nthawi zambiri.
Peperomia ndi wopusa. Chitsamba chokhala ndi mphukira yokhazikika, yolimba ndi khungu lofiirira, chimakula masamba ambiri ozungulira mpaka 12 cm. Masamba olimba amapaka utoto wobiriwira. Ali ndi petioles afupi. Mitundu yotchuka yokongoletsera ndi mosagate peperomia. Masamba ake okhala ndi chipinda chobiriwira chakuda amakulunga ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira kapena kirimu wopanda kirimu. Mikwingwirima yachilendo imawoneka pakati pakati pa mitsempha.
Peperomia magnolia. Mphukira zolimba, zowoneka bwino zimakhala ndi malo owoneka ofiira ndipo zimakutidwa ndi masamba ambiri osalala. Mbale yamtundu wa obovate ndi petiole yochepa imakula kutalika kwa 12-15 cm. Masamba obiriwira nthawi zina amaphimbidwa ndi mawanga achikasu kapena siliva.
Peperomia Lilian. Chitsamba chowoneka bwino chomwe chili ndi masamba okongola a mtima ndimakongoletsa kwambiri. Pamaso pa tsamba pakati pa mitsempha yotupa ndipo imatha kukhala ndi utoto wosiyana. Masamba ofiirira amakula limodzi, ndikupanga tchire lowala. Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, inflorescence wandiweyani amawoneka ndi makulidwe kumapeto. Amamera pamwamba pa unyinji wobiriwira pamtunda wawutali. Mtundu wobiriwira kapena wonona umakhala ngati masamba a kakombo, pomwe nyamayo idatchedwa dzina.
Peperomia klusielistnaya. Chitsamba chachikulu ndi chodziwika ndi mphukira zowoneka bwino. Amakhala ndi masamba akuluakulu obovate. Masamba akulu ndi kutalika kwa 15 cm.iwo ali utoto wobiriwira ndipo amakhala ndi zofiirira zofiirira pafupi m'mphepete.
Peperomia Rosso. Chitsamba chofika mpaka 25 cm chimakutidwa ndi masamba achinyama. Pazosakaniza zowutsa mudyo, masamba ake amakula m'magulu, pafupi wina ndi mnzake. Mtengowu ndiwotchuka chifukwa chokongoletsa kwambiri chifukwa cha masamba owoneka bwino. Pamaso papo pake. Mbali yokhotakhota imakhala ndi utoto wowala-burgundy. M'malo mchipinda, mitundu siyiphuka.
Peperomia anakuwa. Herbaceous osatha obzala bwino ma ampel. Zoyala zake zazitali zimakhala zokutira ndi masamba owaza kapena masamba opindika. Masamba obiriwira, pafupifupi opanda petioles, amakula mosiyanasiyana ma whorls. Maluwa amapezeka mu June.
Peperomia pereskylistny. Mtundu waukulu umakhala ndi mphukira zambiri. Kumayambiriro kwa kukula, zimayambira zimakula mwachindunji, koma pang'onopang'ono zimagwera pansi pa zolemetsa zawo. Udzu umagawidwa m'mitundu itatu kapena itatu. Timapepala totsika tokhala ndi m'mphepete mwamaso timakulika masentimita 3-5 m'litali ndi masentimita 2-3. mitsempha yoyang'ana ngati arc imawoneka patsamba. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amaphimbidwa ndi banga la pinki kapena siliva.
Mutu peperomia. Mitundu ya Ampelic imamera nthawi yayitali, koma yopyapyala, komanso yophukira. Masamba obiriwira owala bwino obiriwira ang'onoang'ono.
Njira zolerera
Kunyumba, peperomia imafalitsidwa ndi njere ndi zipatso. Kubzala mbewu, ngakhale imapereka mbewu zambiri nthawi imodzi, pamafunika kuchita khama. Zopendekera zosaya ndi dothi losakaniza ndi mchenga zakonzedwa kuti zibzalidwe. Mbeu zazing'onoting'ono zimagawidwa pansi ndikuwakanikizidwa pang'ono. Mphika wokutidwa ndi galasi ndikuyika m'chipinda chowala mozungulira ndi kutentha kwa + 24 ... + 25 ° C. Gawo lapansi limasungunuka nthawi zonse. Mphukira zikaonekera, galasi limatha kuchotsedwa, koma muyenera kupopera mbewuzo nthawi zonse. Mbande zomwe zili ndi masamba awiri enieni zimabisala m'bokosi lina lomwe lili ndi mtunda wa masentimita awiri. Zomera zolimba zimazidulira mumiphika ina yotalika masentimita 5-7.
Kubzala masamba ndi njira yosavuta. Njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Mizu ya tsinde kudula. Mphukira, makamaka zamitundu yambiri, zimatalika msanga. Amatha kudulidwa mzidutswa ndi mizu. Phesi iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi mfundo ziwiri. Choyamba, njirazi zimayikidwa mumtsuko wa madzi otentha owiritsa. Mizu yoyamba ikawonekera, zodulidwa zimabzalidwa mumiphika ndi mchenga ndi dothi la peat. Zodulidwa zimakutidwa ndi zinthu zowonekera ndipo zimasungidwa bwino ziwunjikidwa limodzi pa kutentha pafupifupi + 25 ° C. Pakangotha sabata limodzi, mbewu zazing'ono zimatha kusintha ndipo zimatha kukhala akuluakulu.
- Gawani chitsamba. Mchaka wolimba mwamphamvu kwambiri nthawi ya masika nthawi yopatsirana umagawidwa pawiri. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kumasula nthitiyi ku dothi lakunyanja ndikudula ndi mpeni. Gawoli lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi mizu yake ndi mphukira zingapo.
- Kubalana pa pepala lina. Ngakhale mutatha kupeza tsamba limodzi lokha ndi petiole, kukulitsa chomera chachikulire sikovuta. Petiole imafupikitsidwa pang'ono ndipo tsamba limabzalidwa mumchenga wonyowa wa peat kapena sphagnum moss. Ndikwabwino kupangira zinthu zobiriwira komanso kutentha chinyezi ndi kutentha + 23 ... + 25 ° C. Mizu yake imayamba mkati mwa masabata 3-4. Tumphukira tating'onoting'ono tikawoneka, timadzaza ndi mumphika wawung'ono.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Kusamalira peperomia sikunali kolemetsa, ndikofunikira kusankha malo oyenera mbewu.
Kuwala Peperomia imafuna kuwala kowala, kosakanikirana. Dzuwa mwachindunji, makamaka masana a chilimwe, kuyaka kumawonekera pamasamba. Pakuzama kwa chipindacho kapena pawindo lakumpoto, muyenera kuwala, popanda masamba kuzimiririka, ndipo masamba ake amatambasuka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira kwambiri pakuwala.
Kutentha Peperomia sifunikira kuzizirira kwa nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi yopuma. Chaka chonse, kutentha kwakukulu kwake ndi + 22 ... + 24 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira pang'ono kumaloledwa, koma osatsika kuposa + 16 ° C. M'chilimwe, mutha kusamutsa mbewuyo kuti ikhale ndi mpweya wabwino, koma zolemba zochepa zomwezo zimabweretsa kudwala ndikugwa kwa masamba ena.
Chinyezi. Masamba opatsa thanzi amasunga chinyontho bwino, motero simuyenera kuwonjezera chizindikirocho. Komabe, mtengowo umayankha bwino kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Zimafunikanso kusamba nthawi ndi nthawi kuchokera kufumbi. Madzi ayenera kutsukidwa ndi kutentha.
Kuthirira. Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, peperomia imafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse. Nthaka imayenera kupukutika ndi masentimita 2-3. Madziwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito zofewa ndikuyeretsa bwino. Kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala kotentha pang'ono kuposa mpweya. Mukugwa, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kuti mbewuyo isaphe bowa.
Feteleza. Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, kawiri pamwezi, peperomia imadyetsedwa ndi mchere wadziko lonse. Chovala chapamwamba chimasungunuka ndi madzi ndikuyika nthaka.
Kudulira. Kuti mupeze nthambi yabwino kwambiri, achinyamata amaphulira. Chapakatikati, amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichepetsa gawo la zimayambira kuti apange mawonekedwe.
Thirani Peperomia imayilidwa zaka zonse 1-3 kukhala miphika yosaya. Mizu yake sinayambike bwino, kotero kuti munthu akhale ndi mphamvu zambiri safunika. Gawo la dothi lakale lakale limachotsedwa. Zida zamadzizo zimathiridwa pansi pamphika. Dothi limapangidwa ndi zinthu izi:
- decusuous humus;
- pepala lapansi;
- lowat peat;
- mchenga.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Peperomia imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda a chomera, koma pamtunda wotsika kwambiri ndikuthirira kwambiri imakhala ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus (muzu wowola, powdery mildew). Nthawi zina, makamaka nthawi yotentha mumsewu, nthata za akangaude, ma mebubugs ndi nematode zimakhazikika pamapepala. Zomera zimathiridwa ndi tizirombo ndikutsukidwa. Kuti muthane ndi nematode, madera owonongeka amadulidwa.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo. Ngati matenthedwe ochulukira ali otsika kwambiri, peperomia imataya gawo la masamba. Mukadziwonetsa kukonzekera, malekezero a masamba amasandulika bulauni ndi youma. Ngati kuthirira kumachitika kawirikawiri, masamba amayamba kuzimiririka ndikuwuma, kenako nkugwa.
