Butterbur ndi herbaceous osatha wobzala kuchokera ku banja la a Astro. Amadziwikanso pansi pa mayina "oyera mtima", "mowa mowa wa mayi", "muzu wa barani", "muzu wachifumu", "udzu wakupha". Kugawidwa kuchokera ku Far East kupita pakati Russia. Mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera imamera kunja kwa Russian Federation, yomwe singasokoneze kukulitsa mitundu yomwe mumakonda mumunda uliwonse wamtunda kapena wocheperapo pang'ono. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya butterbur ndi masamba akuluakulu othandizira kupuma pang'ono. Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mundawo ndi mphepete mwa mayiwe. Komanso mitundu ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe. Kusamalira butterbur kutchire sikovuta. Ngakhale nyakulima wa novice amatha kulima m'nkhwawa zowirira.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Butterbur ndi herbaceous wosatha wosatha. Imakhala ndi muzu wautali, wopindika, womwe umakula mosakhazikika ndipo umakhala pafupi ndi nthaka. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, tsinde la butterbur limatalika masentimita 30-200. Masamba owoneka bwino amapezeka kutalika konse kwa mphukira wakuda. Thunthu lopendekera limakula nthawi yomweyo chisanu chisanathe. Pamwamba pake amakongoletsedwa ndi corymbose wakuda kapena mantha a inflorescence. Muli ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera oyera obiriwira, achikaso kapena oyera. Timbuli ndi mabango otseguka mkati mwa masika. Nthawi yamaluwa ikatha, tsinde limakulabe.
Chakumapeto kwa Meyi, masamba akuluakulu amawonekera pansi nthawi yayitali, petioles. Pepala lamasamba lakhazikitsidwa ndi mtima. M'mbali mwa tsamba limatha kukhala lolimba, serata kapena yopatula. Kumbuyo, ndipo nthawi zina patsogolo, pamakhala kupindika kokhazikika. Utali waukulu wamasamba ndi 1.5 m. Petiole yolimba imatha kufika mainchesi a 5-6.
Pambuyo pa mungu pa tsinde, milu ingapo yokhala ndi mbewu yayikulu ikupsa. Kucha kumatha mu June, pambuyo pake mbewu zimanyamulidwa ndi mphepo kapena madzi.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya butterbur
Mu mtundu wa butterbur, mitundu 20 yalembedwa. Wotchuka kwambiri wa iwo:
Batterburbur. Chitsamba chazomera chofika mpaka 60 cm chimakhala ndi phesi lofiirira. Pamwamba pa mphukira, maluwa a racemose inflorescence a imvi ndi ofiirira maluwa obiriwira otuwa. M'mwezi wa June, masamba akuluakulu owoneka bwino obiriwira otuwa amawoneka. Amakutidwa ndi mulu wofewa ndipo amatulutsa fungo loipa, osati labwino kwambiri. Dongosolo la pepalali ndi 60-70 cm.
Wophatikiza mafuta. Chomera chotalika 30-70 masentimita chimakhala ndi mtundu wowonda wamtundu wobiriwira-burgundy. Maluwa ofiira ofiira amakhala m'mabasiketi, omwe, amawoneka ngati inflorescence. Zithunzi zooneka ngati impso zimakutidwa ndi mulu wa imvi. Kutalika kwa tsamba lake kumafikira masentimita 70. Masamba amakhala pamtunda wakuda, wamtali mpaka 1,2 m.
Gulugufe ndi wabodza. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Epulo, mizati yowala yamtundu wobiriwira imamera pansi. Avekedwa korona ndi mabasiketi acylindrical okhala ndi maluwa oyera kapena achikasu. Masamba akuluakulu, owoneka ngati patali ndi mano osasiyananso m'mbali mwake ndi mtundu wakuda wobiriwira. Masamba ofikira mpaka 80 cm amapezeka pamtunda wautali wa mita 1. Mbali yokhotakhota komanso m'mitsempha yotakata, imapindika kwambiri.
Njira zolerera
Butterbur amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi michere njira. Mbewu zitha kufesedwa m'dzinja kapena masika panthaka, komanso mbande zokulira. Pa njira yodzala, mbewu zimapangidwa koyambirira kwa February m'mabokosi okhala ndi mchenga ndi dothi la peat. Mbewu zimanyowa bwino ndikuphimba ndi filimu. Ventilate ndikumapopera mbewu tsiku lililonse. Kuwombera kumawonekera mkati mwa masabata 1-3. Masamba enieni awiri akaoneka, mbande zimakwiriridwa mumaphika osiyana. Pamapeto pa Meyi, mutha kudzala mbewu zokulirapo panthaka. Mbande zamaluwa zimayembekezeredwa zaka 3-4 mutabzala.
Easyburger mokwanira zimaberekana ndi mizu. Ndondomeko imachitika bwino mu Seputembala. Kugawika kwa masika sikuyenda bwino nthawi zonse. Ndikofunikira kupatula dera lalitali masentimita 5-7. Nthawi yomweyo libzalidwe m'malo atsopano ndikuthirira madzi ambiri. Nyengo yadzuwa isanayambe, phokoso limamera ndikupanga masamba, ndipo nthawi yophukira mphukira yoyamba imawonekera.
Kusamalira mbewu
Butterbur ndiosavuta kuwasamalira, koma amafunika kusankha malo okhala. Amakonda kuyandikira kwa dziwe komanso dothi lonyowa. Ndikofunika kupeza malowa mosamalitsa, koma ndizotheka kuyika mokwanira. Kuwala kwam'tsogolo kwamasamba pamasamba kumaloledwa, koma osati m'maola.
Chosangalatsa cha mbewuyo chimakhala chankhanza kwambiri. Imaphimba madera akulu mosavuta. Pofuna kuti asamenyerere gawo, akabzala pansi amakumba mapanelo apulasitiki akuya masentimita 60-80.
Dothi la butterbur liyenera kukhala lachonde ndikukhala osaloledwa kapena pang'ono acidic. Zomera zikuchepa kwambiri kufalikira kwa dziko lapansi. Itha kumera pa dothi lopepuka komanso dongo. Mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo, mbande ndizochepa modabwitsa. Kuti namsongole asasokoneze kakulidwe kake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchotse nthawi zina.
Butterbur ndi chomera choletsa chisanu. Zimakhala zolocha lamba wocheperako popanda pogona. Gawo pansi limafa mu kugwa. Iyenera kudulidwa pansi. Maluwa atatha, maluwa omwe amalimbikitsa kuti adulidwe kuti azidula.
Mtengowo umakula bwino ndi chinyezi chambiri, motero mitundu ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja imakhala yayikulupo. Butterbur iyeneranso kuthiridwe madzi nthawi zambiri, chifukwa masamba akulu amatulutsa chinyezi chambiri. Kutentha kwambiri, masamba amatha, koma madzulo kubwezeretsa mawonekedwe awo akale.
Zomera sizifunikira kudya pafupipafupi. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mutha kuthira dothi ndi kompositi kapena peat. Izi zidzakwanira kuti zikule ndikuyenda bwino.
Matenda opera oyera samavutika, koma aulesi ndi mbozi amazikonda. Mwina amakopeka ndi kuzimiririka komwe kumafunikira kuti mbewu zikule. Kuti masamba asakutidwa ndi mabowo oyipa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Zothandiza katundu
Asayansi anapeza ma organic acids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids ndi mafuta ofunikira mumasamba ndi mizu ya butterbur. Decoctions amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngatiorororantactor, diuretic, antispasmodic ndi anthelmintic. Amathandizira kukhazikika m'mitsempha ndikuthana ndi matenda oopsa m'magazi oyambawo.
Masamba osankhidwa mwatsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito mabala ndi zotupa pakhungu. Amaletsa, kusiya magazi ndikuwononga matendawa. Mafuta ndi kuwonjezera kwa masamba umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto akhungu kuti achotse ziphuphu ndi zithupsa.
Kukonzekera motengera butterbur kumapangidwa mwa amayi apakati komanso oyembekezera, ana, ndi anthu omwe ali ndi magazi ochepa. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito broths kumabweretsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi.
Yang'anani! Ma alkaloid omwe amapanga mizu ndi petioles ndiwowopsa. Ikamagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, imayambitsa khansa ya chiwindi ndi matenda ena owopsa a ziwalo zamkati. Pazifukwa izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira mlingo ndi kugwirizanitsa chithandizo ndi dokotala.
Kuphika butterbur
Mapale a maluwa achichepere ndi masamba a mitundu yambiri ya butterbur ozizira ndi butterbur waku Japan amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika. Amaphika, kuwaza, kuwaza ndi kudyedwa zosaphika. Kulawa, malonda ake amafanana ndi udzu winawake kapena rhubarb. Zakudya za Butterbur zimatha kupezeka muma malo odyera aku Japan. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sushi. M'mayiko ena, mbewuyi imamera ngati chakudya chodyedwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito dimba
Masamba okongola kwambiri komanso akuluakulu amakopa chidwi chochuluka. Chomera choterechi chimakopa eni ake komanso anthu onse oyandikana nawo. Ndikofunika ndikonzanso bwino kubzala ndi kuchepetsa malo a butterbur kuti pambuyo pake asamavutike ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Mitengo yayitali imabisala nyumba zamafamu, mpanda kapena malo ena omwe amafunika kubisalira. Zomera ndizoyenera kukongoletsa malo a gombe. Zimathandizanso kukula kwa namsongole, chifukwa chake kufunika kwoletsa malowo pang'onopang'ono kudzazimiririka.
Oyandikana nawo abwino a butterbur ndi elecampane, hogweed, comfrey, rhubarb, komanso zitsamba zobiriwira komanso mitengo yayikulu.
