Zefiranthes ndiwofatsa wowonda kwambiri. Mitunduyi ndi ya banja la Amaryllis. Amadziwika kuti ambiri amalima maluwa dzina loti "woyamba". Izi sikuti ndizachilendo m'dziko lathu lino ndipo ambiri amaziona kuti ndizabwinobwino. Komabe, mitundu yamakono ya zephyranthes idzasangalatsa okonda zosowa. Ngati mungasamalire molondola, ndiye kuti maluwa ake ndi ochulukirachulukira komanso pafupipafupi, omwe angakonde kwambiri otsatira mabedi a maluwa yaying'ono pawindo.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Zazyranthes ndi mtengo wamaluwa wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri womwe unazungulira nkhalango zotentha za ku Central ndi South America ndi kapeti onunkhira. Maluwa amatulutsa nthawi yamvula pomwe chimphepo cha Zefanike chikuyamba kuwomba. Chifukwa chake, dzina la chomera litha kutanthauziridwa kuti "maluwa a Zefaniya." Amadziwikanso kuti kakombo kachipinda, kanyumba kapamwamba, kapena daffodil wanyumba.
Mizu ya zephyranthes ndi bulong yaying'ono kapena yozungulira mpaka kutalika kwa 3.5 cm. Khosi laling'ono lachifumu limakwera pamwamba pa nthaka, kuchokera pomwe tsamba laling'ono limamera. Masamba ofanana ndi lamba owoneka bwino amatha kutalika masentimita 20 mpaka 35. Kutalika kwa masamba osalala kwambiri ndi 0.5-3 mm okha.
Maluwa amayamba mu Epulo ndipo amatha nthawi yonse yotentha. Tizilombo tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tofa bese Mapangidwe ake amafanana ndi khola. Pamiyala isanu ndi umodzi ya m'mphepete yolowera mbali imodzi pamakhala mbali zomata. Maluwa amatha kukhala oyera, achikasu kapena ofiira. Pakatikati pa duwa ndi 4-8 cm. Mphukira iliyonse imangokhala masiku 1-3 okha.
Mitundu ya kakombo wanyumba
Mwa mitundu 40 ya marshmallows omwe amatha kupezeka zachilengedwe, osaposa 10-12 omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe. Zodziwika bwino ndi zephyranthes yoyera.
- Zafirantes Atamas - babu wokhala ndi udzu wocheperako wokhala ndi babu yaying'ono (mpaka 2 cm) komanso khosi lifupi. Rosette wamasamba amakhala ndi masamba a 6-8 masentimita 15-20 masentimita.Maluwa oyera okhala ndi chikasu pakati ndi masentimita 2,5.Maluwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, amakonda zipinda zabwino.
- Zerafi yoyera (yoyera) - chomera mpaka kutalika kwa 30 cm. babu ndi mulifupi mwake 3 masentimita ali ndi khosi lalitali. Maluwa oyera okhala ndi perianth wooneka ngati phula amathandizira kutalika kwa masentimita 6. Maluwa amatuluka kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala.
- Zazyranthes chikasu (golide). Chomera chokhala ndi babu lozungulira komanso masamba opendekera chimapanga mphukira mpaka 30 cm.Maluwa ooneka ngati olimba ndi maluwa a chikasu pachimayambiriro kwa dzinja.
- Zachyranthes pinki (wamaluwa akulu) Imakhala ndi babu yayitali ndi mainchesi atatu mpaka 3 ndipo imatenga masentimita 15-30. Maluwa amodzi ofiira otuwa a pinki amakhala ndi pachikasu. Dawo lawo ndi masentimita 7-8. Maluwa amayamba mu Epulo.
- Zazyranthes wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri zosangalatsa m'mitundu ya pamakhala. Nyimbo zofiirira ndi zofiyira zimayambira m'malo awo amdima, ndipo m'mphepete mwa ma petals zimakhala ndi kuwala kwapinki. Phata lamaluwa limafika masentimita 6-7. Maluwa amapezeka mu Januwale-Marichi.
Kuswana
Zefiranthes zimafalikira pofesa mbewu ndikulekanitsa ana ochulukitsa. Mbewu zofesedwa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa pakangopita miyezi yochepa amayamba kumera. Kuyika kumachitika m'mabokosi osaya ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga. Mbewu zimagawika pansi mu mabowo osaya, mtunda wa 3-4 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Nthaka imathira mankhwala ndikuphimbidwa. Wowonjezera kutentha akuyenera kuyikidwa pamalo otentha ndi kutentha pafupifupi + 22 ° C ndikuwonetsa tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthambi zazing'ono zidzawonekera masiku 13 mpaka 13. Mbewu zachikale zimabzalidwa mumiphika ndi dothi la akulu akulu zidutswa zingapo. Chifukwa chake ndikosavuta kupeza udzu wandiweyani. Mbande zamaluwa zimayembekezeredwa zaka 2-4.
Kufalitsa bulb kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino koposa. Pafupifupi ana 4-5 aang'ono amapangidwa chaka chilichonse pafupi ndi mababu okalamba. Ndikokwanira mu kasupe nthawi yodzala kuti mutha kusiyanitsa dothi ndi mababu, popanda kuwononga mizu, ndi kubzala momasuka kwambiri. Nthawi yosinthira ndi malo ena apadera omangidwa pamilandu iyi safunikira. Maluwa amatha chaka chimodzi mutabzala ana.
Thirani
Kuika zephyranthes kumalimbikitsidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse, ngakhale alimi ena amalangiza kuchita izi kumapeto kwa chaka chilichonse. Miphika ya marshmallows iyenera kukhala yotakata osati yakuzama kwambiri. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa ojambula patali pazenera lonse kapena pazotengera zingapo zazing'ono. Olima ena amakonda kuphatikiza mbewu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya petals mumphika umodzi.
Zazyranthes imafuna dongosolo labwino lokwanira, chifukwa samalola madzi kusayenda. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi komanso lopepuka, lokhala ndi ndale kapena lofooka. Kupanga dothi losakaniza:
- mchenga;
- decusuous humus;
- dothi lonyowa.
Poika zinthu zina, amayesa kuchotsa zoumba zakale. Pambuyo pa njirayi, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kwa masiku angapo ndikuyesetsa kuti musasunthe.
Kusamalira Zazyrantes
Kusamalira marshmallows kunyumba sikutanthauza kuyesetsa kwakukulu, mbewuyo imawonedwa ngati yopanda pake ndipo imadziwika ndi kupulumuka. Akasambwe amakonda dzuwa lowala ndi nthawi yayitali masana. Amalimbikitsidwa kuti aziyika pazenera lakumwera chakumadzulo ndi m'zipinda zowala. Kwa chilimwe, ndibwino kuti mubweretse maluwa a Zazyranthes kukhonde kapena kumunda.
Chapamwamba chimakonda zipinda zozizira, motero pamtunda wotentha + 25 ° C chimakhala ndi kutentha. Kuti muchepetse mkhalidwe wa duwa, muyenera kuyambitsa chipindacho pafupipafupi. Kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya ndi + 18 ... + 22 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, amatsitsidwa kuti + 14 ... 16 ° C. Mitundu ina imatha kupirira mpaka kuzizira mpaka + 5 ° C.
Pali mitundu ya zephyranthes, yomwe pambuyo maluwa idafunikira nthawi yopuma. Amataya masamba, kusiya mababu okha. Kwa miyezi ingapo, mphika womwe uli ndi chomerawu umasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira, chamdima ndipo umanyowetsa dothi pang'onopang'ono.
Zazyranthes zimakonda mpweya wonyowa, komanso zimatha kusintha nyengo yolimba. Kuti masamba asamayime, nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kupopera korona kuchokera pamfuti yopopera.
Ndikofunika kuthirira nyumbayo mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa mababu amakonda kuwola. Pakati pa kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kumezedwa ndi gawo lachitatu, ndipo madzi owonjezera ayenera kuthiridwa nthawi yomweyo.
Munthawi yogwira komanso maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti m'malo mwa madzi wamba muzithiriridwa kawiri pamwezi ndi yankho la feteleza wopangira mchere pazomera zamaluwa. Izi zikuthandizira zephyranthes kuti azikhala ndi timiyala tambiri komanso kuti maluwa azitalikira.
Zovuta pakasamalidwe
Ndi dampness kwambiri komanso kuthirira kwambiri, marshmallows amatha kugwidwa ndi mizu. Chizindikiro chimodzi chowola - masamba amasanduka achikaso ndi owuma. Poterepa, muyenera kukonza nthaka, kuchotsa ziwalo zomwe zili ndi kachilombo ndikugwiritsira mankhwalawa ndi fungicide.
Tizilombo timene timapezeka pa zephyranthes nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kuzindikira mphekesera, nthata za akangaude kapena zovala zoyera. Kuchiza ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumathandizanso kuthana ndi tizirombo mwachangu kwambiri kuposa mankhwala wowerengeka.
Nthawi zina amalima maluwa amakumana ndi mfundo yoti zephyranthes sizimachita maluwa. Cholinga chake chitha kusankhidwa molakwika. Ngati ndi yokulirapo komanso yakuya, mbewuyo imachulukitsa mizu yake, ndipo sipadzakhalanso mphamvu yotulutsa maluwa.
